1996 Terrapin Invitational
Questions by Virginia A 

1.  In 1901 he resigned his position as editor of the Zionist paper
"The World" after a dispute with Theodore Herzl.  While studying
Hadisism, he began to lecture on the nature of the encounter
between god and humanity.  Expanding these notions into a 1923
work, he argued that people engage in two forms of relationships -
the impersonal I-it and the mutual I-thou.  FTP, name this
philosopher.
Answer:  Martin _Buber_

2.  He was city attorney for Rochester, Minnesota before serving as
special government counsel in cases against Standard Oil and the
Union Pacific railroad.  A president of the American Bar Associa-
tion, he was elected to the Senate in 1916, resigning in 1923 to
become ambassador to Great Britain.  FTP, identify this politician,
who settled the Tacna-Arica dispute between Chile and Peru as
secretary of state to Calvin Coolidge, awarded the Nobel Peace
Prize in 1929 for a pact to outlaw war.
Answer:  Frank _Kellogg_

3.  Born of a rock, he was armed at birth with a knife and torch. 
Known as the creator of life, he killed a sacred bull and used its
blood to form all useful plants and animals.  An omniscient warrior
deity in Iranian myths, this god became the center of a cult among
Roman soldiers that once rivaled Christianity.  FTP, name him.
Answer:  _Mithra_

4.  Born in Italy, he was taken to France by the Duke of Guise.  In
1652 he became a violinist in the court orchestra and in 1658 he
began to compose music for court ballets, many for plays by
Moliere.  Completely controlling music for the court of Louis XIV,
he produced operatic works such as _Iris_, _Alceste_, and _Armide_. 
FTP, name this composer.
Answer:  Jean-Baptiste _Lully_

5.  The author originally offered the story to Henry James to
write, but ended up writing and illustrating it himself.  The title
character is an artist's model who becomes a famous singer with the
help of a German Jew, whose dies in the middle of a performance. 
FTP, identify this 1894 novel, whose title lives on as the
name of a felt hat, written by George du Maurier and memorable for
the character of Svengali.
Answer:  _Trilby_

6.  They occur at around 100 degrees Celsius with an aluminum
chloride catalyst which accepts a lone pair of electrons from a
halide atom.  This polarizes the acyl halide of haloalkane, leaving
a positively charged acyl or alkyl group, and electrophilic
substitution leaves an alkylbenzene or alkyl aryl ketone.  FTP,
identify this class of reactions, named for the French and American
chemists who discovered them.
Answer:  _Friedel-Crafts_ reaction

7.  His artistic theory is put forth in _On My Way_, in which he
asserted that the artist should "court the Muse of Chance."  Born
in Alsace, he studied in Paris, exhibiting in the second Blaue
Reiter exhibition.  FTP, name this surrealist, a co-founder of Dada
who collaborated with his wife Sophie and became famous for his
collages of colored paper.
Answer:  Jean (Hans) _Arp_

8.  In 1093 his eldest son, Conrad, led a rebellion against him,
and after he died, his brother Henry also rebelled.  After setting
up Clement III as anti-pope, he invaded Italy and had himself
crowned emperor, but was driven back by Robert Guiscard.  FTP,
identify this king of Germany, who was excommunicated by Paschal II
and by Gregory VII. 
Answer:  _Henry IV_

9.  It originates on the southeastern slope of the Serra dos
Parecis in the state of Mato Grosso.  Passing Caceres, it crosses
a marshy plain before becoming part of the border between Brazil
and Bolivia.  FTP, identify this 1,300 mile long river, the main
affluent of the Parana which divides into the Chaco and Oriental in
the country that shares its name.
Answer:  _Paraguay_ river

10.  Depression and poverty led him to commit suicide by drinking
poison in 1931.  Born into a family of Disciples of Christ, he
became a crusader for poetry, walking from Illinois to New Mexico
in 1912 to preach his Gospel of Beauty and trade poems for bread.  
FTP, name this American poet, best known for _The Eagle that is 
Forgotten_, _The Congo_, and _The General William Booth Enters Into 
Heaven_.
Answer:  Vachel _Lindsay_

11.  When he was 56, he married a 24 year old woman, and the king
made him a baron.  He divided chemistry into organic and inorganic
divisions, introduced the letter symbols for elements, and
introduced a dualistic theory that led to the discovery of
electronegativity.  FTP, name this Swedish scientist, who created
the first accuratetable of relative atomic masses, developed the
concepts of catalysis and isomerism, and discovered cerium,
thorium, and selenium.
Answer:  Jons Jacob _Berzelius_

12.  During this period, plate subduction caused folding and 
orogeny in western North America, cycads appeared, erosion reduced
the Appalachians, North America and Africa separated, and 
Archaeopteryx, the first bird, appeared.  FTP, name this geologic
period which lasted from 195-140 million years ago and which 
preceded the Cretaceous.
Answer:  _Jurassic_

13.  The son of the sultan of Nedj, he began by defeating the
Rashidi tribe and reconquering his homeland.  Although the British
supported the Hijaz, he refused to acknowledge Hussein and, in
1926, he was named king.  FTP, identify this Arab leader, who named
his country after himself in 1932, and who established his capital
at Riyadh.
Answer:  _Ibn Saud_ 

14.  He won the first baseball game of this year with a 12th-
inning single.  It was an omen for the top pick in the 1993
draft, as he hit .358 with 36 home runs and 123 RBIs, and his 215
hits, 141 runs, and .631 slugging percentage set modern-day records
for a shortstop.  FTP, name this AP Player of the Year, a 21-year-
old Seattle Mariner.
Answer:  Alex _Rodriguez_

15.  He made his film debut in the Edison Studio's _The Eagle's
Nest_, and joined the Biograph Company as an assistant director in
1908.  He would produce or direct over 500 films, including _The
Adventures of Dollie_, _Broken Blossoms_, and _Orphans of the
Storm_.  FTP name this co-founder of the United Artists Corporation
who adaptated _The Clansman_ into the American classic _The Birth
of a Nation_.
Answer:  David Wark _Griffith_

16.  It exists above the E-layer (formerly the Kenelly-Heavyside
Layer) and is made of ionized gases, although its composition
varies with the sunspot cycle.  FTP name this layer which acts as
a reflector of radio signals, named for the winner of the Nobel
Prize in Physics in 1947.
Answer:  _Appleton_ Layer

17.  He lost his senate seat after opposing the Compromise of 1850,
and would later lose his seat in the House after fighting the
repeal of the Missouri Compromise.  After serving as Jackson's
aide-de-camp during the War of 1812, he edited the Missouri Inquirer 
and killed Charles Lucas in a duel.  FTP, name this first senator to 
serve 30 consecutive years, a Tennessean who was the father-in-law of 
John C. Fremont.
Answer:  Thomas Hart _Benton_

18.  After studying at Caius College, he took a medical degree from
the University of Padua, where he studied under Galileo.  A pioneer
in the fields of embryology and comparative anatomy, he was
physician to Charles I.  FTP, identify this Englishman, whose 1628 
treatise _On the Movement of the Heart and Blood in Animals_ expounded 
his theory of the circulation of the blood.
Answer:  William _Harvey_ 

19.  He went on trial for the murder of his wife's lover, which
interrupted his study of the different gaits of horses--a project
commissioned in 1872 by Leland Stanford.  His Zoopraxographical
Hall in Chicago was called the "world's first cinema," and his 1887
book, _Animal Locomotion_, sold well, largely due to its pictures
of nude women.  FTP, name this American, a one-time official
photographer to the U. S. Government.
Answer:  Eadweard _Muybridge_

20.  In this work an army of slaves serves an array of dishes, most
of them discribed as something other than they are:  for example, a
roast boar with sausages for entrails, and a sow with pastry
"piglets."  Much of the syntax is garbled to suggest the main
character's low upbringing.  FTP name this farcical Roman work of
the first century AD--whose most famous section is the "Banquet of
Trimalchio"--written by Petronius.
Answer:  The _Satyricon_ (ask for more on "The Banquet of Tri-
malchio")

21.  Her non-fiction includes two autobiographies, _My Several
Worlds_ and _A  Bridge for Passing_, in addition to a study of her
parents, _The Spirit and the Flesh_.  She is better known as a
novelist, though, writing under the pseudonym John Sedges and her
first married name.  FTP, name this American writer, who married
her publisher, Richard Walsh, in 1935, whose _Sons_ and _A House
Divided_ succeeded her Pulitzer Prize winning _The Good Earth_.
Answer : Pearl _Buck_

22.  She was educated at Newnham College with her sister, Margaret
Drabble, and lectured at the Central College of Art and Design
before taking a job at University College.  Her first novels, _The
Virgin in the Garden_ and _Still Life_, are the first parts of a
sequence intended to trace English life from the 1950s to the
present, while the recent film _Angels and Insects_ is based on one
of her short stories.  FTP, identify this author of _Sugar_, best
known for her Booker prize winning Victorian romance, _Possession_.
Answer : Antonia Susan _Byatt_

23.  In Ezekiel, it is named as a fort in the southeast corner of
the kingdom.  A woman of the same name married King Rehoboam, while
another woman of this name was the Canaanite wife of Er and Onan
who tricked her father-in-law, Judah, into sleeping with her by
dressing as a prostitute.  FTP, give this Biblical name, shared by
the woman Amnon raped, to the distress of her brother Absalom.
Answer : _Tamar_

24.  He has written for cinema and penned a novel, _Tsotsi_, but is
better known for his dramatic works.  Founder of the Serpent
Players in 1965 and the improvisational Space Theater seven years
later. his work examines the difficulty of race relations in his
home country.  FTP, name this author of _Blood Knot_ and _Sizwe
Bansi is Dead_, South Africa's foremost playwright.
Answer : Athol _Fugard_

25.  After her husband died in 1898, she took a job as registrar in
Rusholme, which gave her the income to found the Women's Social and
Political Union.  After being arrested in 1908, she was sentenced
to three months in Holloway Gaol, which led to the burning of David
Lloyd George's house and an attempted bombing of St. Paul's
Cathedral.  FTP, name this suffragist, whose My Own Story tells the
tale of the hunger strikes she undertook when sentenced to 3 years
in jail.
Answer : Emmeline _Pankhurst_

26.  After being bribed with Harmonia's necklace, she forced
Amphiaraus to go on the expedition that led to his death.  When
Thersander, the son of Polynices, bribed her as well, she convinced
Alcmaeon to
lead the Epigoni in war, though he killed her after returning
victorious.  FTP, identify this sister of Adrastus, who precipitat-
ed the attack of the Seven Against Thebes.
Answer : _Eriphyle_

27.  After serving as a militia captain in the War of 1812, he was
selected speaker of the Canadian Assembly in 1815, a position he
held for over 20 years.  Opposed to the royal governors, Lord
Dalhousie dissolved Parliament instead of letting him take his
seat, and his Ninety-Two Resolutions of 1834 protested the union of
Upper and Lower Canada.  FTP, identify this politician, who fled to
the United States at the outbreak of the rebellion he precipitated
with William Mackenzie.
Answer : Louis _Papineau_

After years of working as an engineer, he became a manager of
iron mines in the Arno Valley in 1874.  It was this experience
which led him to theorize that income distribution remained
constant whatever efforts were made to change it.  FTP, identify
this economist, who applied mathematical principles to the economy
and society in his _Trattato di Soziologia generale_--famous for
his "optimum."
Answer : Vilfredo _Pareto_ 

The period was named in 1879 by the British geologist Charles
Lapworth.  Graptolites are the most numerous fossils from this
period, although brachiopods, trilobites, and the first corals also
date to it.  FTP, identify this period, beginning about 500 million
years age and lasting about 60 million years, falling between the
Cambrian and Silurian.
Answer : _Ordovician_

1996 Terrapin Invitational
Questions by Virginia A

1.  Answer the following questions about the Thirty Years War for
the stated number of points.
1.  For 10, this commander of the Catholic League forces was the
winning general at the 1620 Battle of White Mountain.
Answer : Count TILLY
2.  For 15, the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand prompted wider resistance
by issuing what edict which nullified Protestant titles to all
lands expropriated from Catholics since the Peace of Augsburg?
Answer : EDICT OF RESTITUTION
3.  For 5, name the 1648 treaty which ended the war.
Answer:  Peace of WESTPHALIA

2.  Identify the Evelyn Waugh novels from descriptions FTP each.
1.  Tony Last is deserted by his wife, becomes an explorer in
Brazil and is enslaved by an old man who forces him to read Dickens
aloud every afternoon.
Answer : A HANDFUL OF DUST
2.  Paul Pennyfeather is unjustly expelled from Oxford, teaches at
a low-quality boys' school and falls in love with the mother of one
of his pupils.
Answer : DECLINE AND FALL
3.  Captain Charles Ryder reminisces about the impact of the
Catholic faith on the members of the family of Sebastian Marchmain.
Answer : BRIDESHEAD REVISITED

3.  Answer the following questions about the Twelve Labors of
Hercules FTP each
1.  Name the beast which Hercules clubbed and strangled, and then
wore its skin.
Answer : NEMEAN LION
2.  Hercules obtained Hippolyta's girdle by ransoming what Amazon
general?
Answer : MELANIPPE
3.  Diomedes, whose man-eating horses he tamed by feeding them
their master, was the King of what people.
Answer : BISTONIANS

4.  Identify the following terms from geology FTP each
1.  This is the term for an elongate hill formed when a glacier
flows over and reshapes a mound of till or stratified drift.
Answer : DRUMLIN
2.  Extending about 100-350 km beneath the Earth's surface, this is
the portion of the upper mantle beneath the lithosphere.
Answer : ASTHENOSPHERE
3.  This is the term for the layer of ocean water between 0.5 and
2.0 km deep where the temperature drops rapidly with depth.
Answer : THERMOCLINE

5.  Identify the postmodern novelists from works on a 10-5 basis.
1.  (10)  _The Baron in the Trees_
(5)  _If On A Winter Night A Traveller_
Answer : Italo CALVINO
2.  (10)  _The Magus_
(5)  _The French Lieutenant's Woman_
Answer : John FOWLES
3.  (10)  _Lost in the Funhouse_
(5)  _The Sot-Weed Factor_
Answer : John BARTH

6.  Identify the following chemists from a description of a famous
accomplishment FTP each.
1.  This Brit observed in 1660 the relationship between the
pressure and volume of a gas when temperature and moles are held
constant, and formed a law to describe the relationship.
Answer : Robert BOYLE
2.  This Frenchman developed a hydrogen-filled balloon in which he
ascended roughly 7000 meters in 1804, setting a record for altitude
which stood for nearly 40 years.
Answer : Joseph GAY-LUSSAC
3.  This Scot developed a law to explain why gases of smaller molar
mass diffuse more rapidly than heavier gases.
Answer : Thomas GRAHAM

7.  Answer the following questions regarding a famous naval episode
in the history of the American Civil War for the stated number of
points.
1.  For 5, Raphael Semmes commanded what Confederate raider so
damaging to Union shipping that Great Britain ultimately paid the
U. S. over $16 million in claims for the ship's manufacture.
Answer : The ALABAMA
2.  FTP, outside Cherbourg, France on June 19, 1864, what Union
vessel forced the Alabama's surrender after a 90-minute battle?
Answer : The KEARSARGE
3.  For 15, name the Kearsarge's captain who earned a promotion to
commodore and went on to command the nation's Pacific squadron from
1870-72.
Answer : John WINSLOW

8.  Answer the following questions about a series of Thomas Wolfe
works FTP each.
1.  _Look Homeward, Angel_ tells of the childhood and youth of what
hero in the town of Altamont, state of Catawba.
Answer : Eugene GANT
2.  In the sequel _Of Time and the River_, Eugene Gant becomes a
teacher of literature at the School for Utility Cultures in what
real city?
Answer : NEW YORK
3.  In the novel _The Web and the Rock_, Eugene Gant is known by a
different name.  What is it?
Answer : George WEBBER

9.  Answer the following questions about a landmark sociological
study for the stated number of points.
1.  For 5, published in 1929, name this study, one of the first to
demonstrate the discrepancy between American egalitarian beliefs
and the truth of a typical community's class structure.
Answer : MIDDLETOWN
2.  FTP, give the last name of the husband and wife team that wrote
the book.
Answer : Helen and Robert LYND
3.  For 15, the Lynds used what Indiana town as the basis of their
study?
Answer : MUNCIE

10.  Identify the following paintings from a description and the
year they were painted FTP each.  You will receive 5 if you need
the artist.
1.  (10) Done in late 1597 and early 1598, the well-dressed central
figure seated with his prosperous companions points questioningly
at himself as two poor people approach from the right.  A shaft of
light illuminating the face and hand of one of the poor identifies
him as Christ.
(5) Caravaggio
Answer : THE CALLING OF ST. MATTHEW
2.  (10) Done in 1656, on the left, the artist shows himself at
work on a huge canvas; the central figure is the child Princess
Margarita, a blond girl presumably posing for him.  The Princess
stands amid her playmates and her dog.
(5) Velazquez
Answer : THE MAIDS OF HONOR (or Las Meninas)
3.  (10) Done in 1808, a formation of faceless men on the right
constitute a firing line in the process of executing a group of
helpless men on the left.  Central among the victims is a man in
yellow pants and a white shirt with his arms raised in the air to
no avail.
(5) Goya
Answer : THE THIRD OF MAY (also The Third of May, 1808)

11.  Name the gland that secretes the following hormones FTP each.
1. glucagon
Answer : PANCREAS
2. cortisol
Answer : ADRENAL glands
3. growth hormone
Answer : PITUITARY glands

12.  Name the economists FTP each.
1. This British economist argued in the _General Theory of
Employment, Interest, and Money_ that government could aid the
economy by increasing spending.
Answer : John Maynard KEYNES
2. This 1976 Nobel Prize winner described his views in _A Monetary
History of the U.S., 1867-1960_.
Answer : Milton FRIEDMAN
3. In his _Principles of Political Economy and Taxation_, this
British economist described the role of comparative advantage in a
nation's accumulation of wealth.
Answer : David RICARDO

13.  Name the states of Mexico FTP each.
1. This state, which borders Texas and New Mexico, includes Ciudad
Juarez.
Answer : CHIHUAHUA
2. This state borders Guatemala and has been the site of activity
by the Zapatista rebels.
Answer : CHIAPAS
3.  This northern includes Mexico's second largest city, Monterrey.
Answer : NUEVO LEON

14.  Identify the following concerning Stephen Douglas for the
stated number of points.
1.  For five, identify the act he introduced into Congress which
validated the principle of popular sovereignty.
Answer : the KANSAS-NEBRASKA act
2.  For ten, he advocated this doctrine during his 1858 candidacy
for the Senate, saying that a territorial populace could choose for
or against slavery.
Answer : the FREEPORT doctrine
3.  For fifteen, he lost the backing of Southerners when he opposed
this proslavery Kansas constitution.
Answer : LECOMPTON constitution  

15.  Name the psychologists FTP each.
1. This Swiss psychologist is known for his study of thought
processes in children and his division of mental development into
four stages culminating in formal operational thought.
Answer : Jean PIAGET
2. This American psychologist invested the puzzle to investigate
learning processes in animals and developed a method to determine
word usage that was used the basis of several dictionaries.
Answer : Edward THORNDIKE
3. This German-born American psychologist developed the concept of
psycho-social development in works such as _Young Man Luther_.
Answer : Erik ERIKSON

16.  Identify the 19th century poems that begin with the following
lines FTP each.
1. "Sunset and evening star,
    And one clear call for me!"
Answer : CROSSING THE BAR
2. "No, no, go not to Lethe, neither twist
    Wolfsbane, tight-rooted, for its poisonous wine;"
Answer : ODE ON MELANCHOLY
3. "The sea is calm tonight.
    The tide is full, the moon lies fair."
Answer : DOVER BEACH

17.  Name the Napoleonic battles FTP each.
1.  As this July 1798 battle, many of the Mameluk's cavalry were
driven by the French into the Nile, where they drowned.
Answer : Battle of the PYRAMIDS
2.  The British fleet under Horatio Nelson defeated the French
under Brueys in this August 1798 engagement in Abukir Bay, near
Alexandria.
Answer:  Battle of the NILE
3.  This battle of February 8, 1807 was indecisive, but it led to Napoleon's
victory at Friedland in June.
Answer:  _Eylau_

18.  Identify the 18th century musicians, FTP each.
1. This man arranged popular English and Scottish tunes for John Gay's _The
Beggar's Opera_ and composed the overture.
Answer:  John Christopher _Pepusch_
2) During his visits to England in the 1790s, this composer
produced twelve symphonies collectively known as the _London
Symphonies_.
Answer : Joseph HAYDN
3) This violinist made his debut in 1791 at the age of nine and was
later rumored to have made a pact with the devil to gain his
virtuoso ability.
Answer : Niccolo PAGANINI

19.  Identify the ancient astronomers FTP each.
1. This 3rd century BC astronomer was the first to state that the
earth revolves around the sun and his lone surviving treatise
discusses the distance between the two bodies.
Answer : ARISTARCHUS
2. Considered to be the greatest Greek astronomer, this 2nd century
BC figure is credited with accurately describing the precession of
eclipses and for preparing one of the first star catalogues.
Answer : HIPPARCHUS
3. This astronomer, who died around 350 BC, introduced the use of
geometry in the study of astronomy and was the first to present a
systematic model for planetary motion.
Answer : EUDOXUS

20.  Identify the African nation that borders a big lake FTP each.
1. Lake Victoria is bordered by Kenya, Tanzania, and this country.
Answer : UGANDA
2. Lake Chad is surrounded by Chad, Nigeria, Niger, and this
country.
Answer : CAMEROON
3. Lake Tanganyika is bordered by Tanzania, Zaire, Burundi, and
this country.
Answer : ZAMBIA

Name the African-American authors of the following novels FTP each.
1. _Like One of the Family_ and _A Hero Ain't Nothin' but a
Sandwich_
Answer : Alice CHILDRESS
2. _Middle Passage_ and _Faith and the Good Times_
Answer : Charles JOHNSON
3. _A Lesson before Dying_ and _Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman_
Answer : Ernest GAINES

Identify the physicist, 30-20-10.
(30)  As a student, he was asked to contribute the article on
relativity to the _Encyclopedia of Mathematicla Science_, an essay
of over 200 pages that is still widely read.
(20)  He developed the concept of spin as a necessary quantum
number to describe the state of an electron.
(10)  He was the first to propose that an uncharged, massless
particle must be emitted at the same time as beta-particles during
radioactive decay.
Answer : Wolfgang PAULI  .

Name the medieval mystics FTP each.
1. This English mystic began receiving a series of revelations in
1373 that she described in _The Revelations of Divine Love_.
Answer : JULIAN of Norwich
2.  This Dominican nun persuaded Gregory XI to return to Rome in
1376, thus helping to end the Great Schism.  In 1970 she was
declared a doctor of the Church.
Answer : CATHERINE of Siena
3. This German Dominican and mystic became a popular preacher of
mysticism in the area near Cologne before he was convicted by an
ecclesiastical court in 1326.
Answer : Meister ECKHART

Answer the following questions about the Shinto faith for the
stated number of points.
1.  For 5, Japanese emperors claimed descent from what Sun goddess
of the faith?
Answer : AMATERASU
2.  FTP, early Shinto was characterized by worship of a vast
pantheon of spirits, mainly nature divinities, known by this
general name.
Answer : KAMI
3.  For 15, name the late 8th/early 9th Century teacher who
established a doctrine uniting Buddhism with Shinto in Ryobu
Shinto, or "the Shinto of two kinds"
Answer : KOBO DAISHI

Name the terms from anthropology FTP each.
1. It is the process by which cultural traits of one group change
through contact with another group.
Answer : ACCULTURATION
2. It is a closed social group to which a person belongs by birth
and which determines a member's occupation and social level.  It is
most closely identified with India.
Answer : CASTE
3. It is an action, person, or place forbidden by culture.  The
word comes from the Polynesian for "special."
Answer : TABOO_