Boston Summer Open Round 3 Questions by Benoy Chacko TOSSUPS 1. Lasting from 431 to 404 BC, its turning point was the disastrous Sicilian Expedition of 415-413 BC. Other factors determining the outcome were the death of Pericles in 429 BC and the entry of Persia on the side of the victors. For 10 points, what was this conflict, documented by Thucydides and fought between Athens and Sparta? Answer: _Peloponnesian War_ 2. In this technique developed by 1948 Nobel Laureate Arne Tiselius, samples are often dissolved in Laemmli buffer, a denaturant, and are typically visualized with Coomassie blue staining. The samples migrate through pores in a matrix, which is agarose for nucleic acids and acrylamide for proteins, in response to an electrical field. For 10 points, name this technique used to separate complex mixtures of biological compounds. Answer: gel _electrophoresis_ (Accept SDS-PAGE or PAGE before "nucleic") 3. His coalition cabinet represents seven different parties, not surprising for a man whose campaign was run by James Carville. His Education Minister is from the leftist Meretz Party; his Infrastucture Minister is from the Shas Party; and his Cabinet contains one women and no Arabs. For 10 points, name this new Prime Minister of Israel. Answer: Ehud _Barak_ 4. This book centers on a trip the author took to Kenya with his fourth wife. On a 1953 safari the author has an affair with a young African girl and helps his wife kill a lion. For 10 points, name this "fictional memoir," the latest posthumously "written" by Ernest Hemingway. Answer: _True at First Light_ 5. The Amazon. The Riviera. The Mexican Riviera. The Beach '99. Ibiza. South Beach. The Strip. For 10 points, what words come before each of these locales on E! Entertainment Television's series hosted by babeilicious Jules Asner? Answer: _Wild On_ (accept the "Wild On" series) 6. Hugh Thompson was awarded a Soldier's Medal for heroism during this incident, which had gone unnoticed for a year until a letter from Ronald Ridenhour exposed it to the American public. Captain Ernest Medina's Charlie Company, particularly the first platoon, was responsible for herding almost 500 Vietnamese civilians into a ditch and summarily executing them. For 10 points, name this March 16, 1968 incident, a lowlight in the career of William Calley. Answer: _My Lai_ Massacre (mee li) 7. "Sucked Out" by Superdrag, "With or Without You" by U2 and "Hook" by Blues Traveler are among the many pop songs that have bass lines based on this classical piece, which enjoyed renewed popularity when it was included in the movie Ordinary People. For 10 points, name this most popular composition of Johan Pachelbel. Answer: _Pachelbel's Canon_ in D 8. The legendary burial place of King Solomon, this inactive volcano was first scaled by German explorers in 1889. Coffee plantations abound on its lower parts, which are also inhabited by the Masai tribe. Consisting of the Kibo and Mawenzi peaks, for 10 points, name this snow-capped mountain located near the equator, Africa's tallest. Answer: Mount _Kilimanjaro_ 9. The son of Haran, he was the father of Moabites and Ammonites through incestuous relations with his two daughters, whom he had earlier offered as appeasement to an unruly homosexual mob. He later fled to Zoar after God was unable to find 10 righteous men in Sodom. For 10 points, name this nephew of Abraham whose wife was turned into a pillar of salt while fleeing Sodom. Answer: _Lot_ 10. This short story was the subject of the first opera ever written about an American subject, by George Bristow in 1855. Based on the German folk tale "Peter Klaus," it was first published in 1819 in the collection entitled The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Esquire, and describes a Hudson River Valley ne'er-do-well who stumbles upon some dwarfs playing ninepins, gets drunk and falls asleep for 20 years. For 10 points, identify this Washington Irving tale. Answer: _Rip van Winkle_ 11. Tinea corporis is on the trunk; tinea capitis is on the head. Highly contagious, it can be treated by using both topical and oral medications, though it can be extremely itchy as well as unsightly. This fungal infection, like lice, is once of the most common parasitic infections in children. For 10 points, name this disease characterized by circular lesions. Answer: _ringworm_ 12. He predicted in April 1986 that "they may boo me now, but they'll love me when I'm standing on the mound when we win the World Series." He came within one out of making his prediction come true but a wild pitch, an overlooked pick-off chance and a squibber to first base ruined the moment. For 10 points, name the Boston Red Sox pitcher who lost Game 6 of the 1986 World Series. Answer: Bob _Stanley_ (accept "ringworm") 13. Born in 1546, he became independently wealthy by inheriting both his father's and his uncle's estates. This left him time to discover a nova in Cassiopeia, leave an enormous amount of celestial observations, and train a giant figure in the field of celestial mechanics. All this with an artificial nose. For 10 points, name this Danish astronomer. Answer: Tycho _Brahe_ 14. He stated such principles as "a house is a machine for living in" and "a curved street is a donkey track; a straight street, a road for men." Such inflexible ideas found their way into such books as Urbanisme (The City of Tomorrow). His designs include the League of Nations center and his "vertical community" of Marseilles. For 10 points, who is this man, born C.E. Jeanneret but better known by his professional byname? Answer: _Le Corbusier_ (accept "C.E. _Jeanneret_" early) 15. A follower of Epicurus, he was born in 95 BC and thought to have committed suicide in 52 or 51 BC. His greatest work is a vast poem, much of which is merely scientific explanation in verse. However, it is his doctrine of pleasure being a reward of virtue that is the lasting legacy of On the Nature of Things. For 10 points, name this philosopher. Answer: T. _Lucretius_ Carus 16. He had been a student at Cambridge and a professor of Greek before becoming a Conservative MP in 1950. He was a finance minister and later Minister for Health under McMillan and ended his career as an Ulster Unionist MP. For 10 points, name this man, whose "Rivers of Blood" speech made Britain's answer to George Wallace. Answer: Enoch _Powell_ 17. This German writer determined by age 13 that he would be "a poet or nothing," but found little success as a poet, and turned to writing novels like _Beneath the Wheel_. He later studied psychoanalysis with a follower of Carl Jung, and Jungian influence is seen in such novels as _Death and the Lover_, _The Glass Bead Game_, and _Demian_. For 10 points, name this author best known for _Siddartha_ and _Steppenwolf_. Answer: Hermann _Hesse_ 18. An aerosol spray can becomes cold when aerosol is released. Similarly, when air is pumped into a tire, the air's temperature rises. This is due to gas being expanded and compressed in this manner, which also describes the two non-isothermal steps of the Carnot cycle. For 10 points, give this term that describes a process in which the pressure of a gas is changed without any exchange of heat energy with the surroundings. Answer: _adiabatic_ process 19. From 1900-1903, he painted a series of murals for the University of Vienna which were rejected due to their erotic symbolism. This founder of the Vienna Secession treated the human figure in silhouette form in works like "Beethoven Frieze" and "Frau Fritza Riedler." For 10 points, name this artist better known for "The Kiss." Answer: Gustav _Klimt_ 20. TWO ANSWERS REQUIRED. One studied fire prevention for a Hartford insurance company. The other studied at Columbia under Franz Boas. Together they hypothesized that if language shapes the speakers' view of reality, then grammar and ideas are interrelated; and no two cultures share the same understanding of the world. For 10 points, name this pair of linguists. Answer: Benjamin Lee _Whorf_ and Edward _Sapir_ 21. Pope Gregory III sent him many magnificent gifts, including the keys to St. Peter's tomb, hoping that he would aid Gregory against the Lombards, but he refused. The mayor of the palace of Austrasia, this illegitimate son of Pepin of Herstal defeated the Saracens near Tours in 732. For 10 points, name this king of the Franks and grandfather of Charlemagne, often known as "the Hammer." Answer: Charles _Martel_ or _Martellus_ or _Charles the Hammer_ Boston Summer Open Round 3 Questions by Benoy Chacko BONUSES 1. Name these authors for 15 from their latest book or 5 from an older title: A. (15 points) Havana Bay (5 points) Gorky Park Answer: _M_artin Cruz _Smith_ B. (15 points) Brief Interviews With Hideous Men (5 points) Infinite Jest Answer: David Foster _Wallace_ 2. Name these ships from notorious U.S. historical incidents for 10 points each: A. Pro-Canadian militia went to Niagara Falls and burned this U.S. steamer which was used to take men and supplies to Mackenzie's troops during the Canadian Rebellions of 1837. Answer: The _Caroline_ B. This Confederate cruiser sailed out of Liverpool harbors and destroyed 70 Union merchant ships during the Civil War, leading to U.S. claims that Great Britain should pay for the damage. Answer: The _Alabama_ C. In January 1968, this intelligence-gathering ship was seized by North Koreans who declared that it had intruded into territorial waters to conduct espionage. Answer: The _Pueblo_ 3. Identify the following concerning fluid mechanics on a 5-10-15 basis: A. For 5 points, this law states that as the speed of a fluid increases, the pressure inside the fluid, or exerted by the fluid, decreases, and vice versa. Answer: _Bernoulli's_ law B. For 10 points, this is a dimensionless ratio related to the velocity at which smooth flow shifts to turbulent in both hydrodynamics and aerodynamics. Answer: _Reynolds' number_ C. For 15 points, this man developed a law of viscosity describing the movement of a small sphere through a viscous fluid; equations named for him and Claude Navier are fundamental to the study of fluid mechanics. Answer: Sir George _Stokes_ 4. For 5 points per answer, given the movement titles of a piece of program music, name both the work and the composer: A. Anitra's Dance, Solveig's Song, In the Hall of the Mountain King. Answer: _Peer Gynt_ by Edvard _Grieg_ B. The Old Castle, Ballet of the Unhatched Chicks, Catacombs. Answer: _Pictures at an Exhibition_ by Modest _Mussorgsky_ C. Scene by the Brook, Merry Gathering of Country Folk, Thunderstorm. Answer: Symphony No. _6_ or _Pastoral Symphony_, Ludwig van _Beethoven_ 5. Given a world capital, name that city's principal river for 5 points each, 30 for all correct: A. Kiev Answer: _Dnieper_ B. Baghdad Answer: _Tigris_ C. Lisbon Answer: _Tagus_ D. Belgrade Answer: _Danube_ E. Bamako Answer: _Niger_ 6. Name these politically ambitious authors for 10 points each: A. He organized the End Poverty in California socialist reform program and was narrowly defeated in the 1934 California gubernatorial election. Answer: Upton _Sinclair_ B. His short-lived career in Indiana politics led to the 1899 novel _The Gentleman from Indiana_. Answer: Booth _Tarkington_ C. He was active in Florentine politics until his retirement in 1363, after which he completed a biography of Dante. Answer: Giovanni _Boccaccio_ 7. 30-20-10. Name the organ from diseases that can afflict it. A. Wilms' tumor, Fanconi's Syndrome, Hartnup Disease. B. Goodpasture's Syndrome, Alport's Syndrome, Berger's Disease, minimal change disease. C. Membranous glomerulonephritis [GLOM-er-o-neff-RYE-tis], focal glomerulosclerosis [GLOM-er-OO-low-skler-OH-sis], pyelonephritis [pie-ELL-o-neff-RYE-tis]. Answer: _kidney_ 8. Identify the following questions about Jainism for 10 points each: A. This is the principle of nonviolence toward other creatures. Answer: ahimsa B. This contemporary of Buddha was the last of the 24 Tirthamkaras, and is credited with founding Jainism. Answer: Mahavira C. This founder of the Maurya dynasty defeated Seleucus I to recover the Indian provinces taken by Alexander the Great. Soon after, he abdicated to become a Jainist monk. Answer: _Chandragupta_ Maurya 9. Tony Blair has been immensely popular in the United Kingdom but he does have opposition. Name these opposition leaders for 10 points each: A. He leads the Scottish Nationalist Party Answer: Alex _Salmond_ B. He is stepping down as head of the Liberal Party Answer: Paddy _Ashdown_ C. He leads the opposition Tories Answer: William _Hague_ 10. Name these Chinese dynasties for 10 points each: A. It established power in 221 BC after the Period of Warring States and unified the country. Answer: The _Ch'in_ B. Established around 1700 BC, is generally recognized to be the first dynasty of civilized China. Answer: The _Shang_ C. For 15 points, this dynasty took over the Shang dynasty in about 1027 BC, and remained in power up into the period of the Warring States. Answer: The _Chou_ 11. Name the home countries of these European soccer clubs on a 5-10-15 basis. A. For 5 points, Juventus [hoo-VEN-toos] and Lazio. Answer: Italy B. For 10 points, Galatasaray [ga-la-ta-SAR-ay] and Fenerbahce [fay-ner-BAH-chay]. Answer: Turkey C. For 15 points, Benfica [ben-FEE-ka] and Boavista [bo-a-VIS-ta] Answer: Portugal 12. Identify the following about protein synthesis for 10 points each: A. Eukaryotic protein synthesis occurs at these cellular organelles. Answer: ribosomes B. This is the process of ribosome-mediated synthesis of proteins from corresponding mRNA. Answer: translation C. Protein synthesis occurs in which direction? Answer: _amino_ terminus to _carboxyl_ terminus (accept _N_ to _C_) 13. Identify the following about 20th century art in the Low Countries on a 5-10-15 basis: A. For 5 points, this Dutch graphic artist created optical illusions, visual puns, and distorted perspectives in such works as "Verbrum" and "Relativity." Answer: Maurits Corneille _Escher_ B. For 10 points, this Dutch magazine was edited by Theo von Doesburg and inspired the neoplasticism of Mondrian, Rietveld, and others. Answer: _de Stijl_ [duh styl] C. For 15 points, this group rejected the theories of de Stijl and influenced abstract expressionism. Includeing Asger Jorn and Karel Appel, it was named for the members' three native cities. Answer: CoBrA 14. If you ever take a law and economics seminar, you might encounter an article by Robert Cooter that tries to unite economics with jurisprudence by distinguishing between two types of legal consequences for sub-optimal behavior. For 15 points each, name the following: A. When government knows the optimal social level of behavior but not the social cost, Cooter claims it should impose this type of consequence to deter forbidden behavior. Answer: _sanction_ B. When government knows the social cost of a given behavior level but not the optimal level, it can use this consequence to let the market determine optimal behavior. Answer: _price_ 15. Name the French directors of these films, on a 5-5-10-10 basis: A. For 5 points, Le Regle de Jeu (or, The Rules of the Game). Answer: Jean _Renoir_ B. For 5 points, The 400 Blows. Answer: Francois _Traffaut_ C. For 10 points, Napoleon. Answer: Abel _Gance_ D. For 10 points, L'Argent Answer: Robert _Bresson_ 16. Name these former senators from the Empire State for 10 points each: A. He lost the 1980 race to Al D'Amato but you may have been to his namesake convention center. Answer: Jacob _Javits_ B. This Republican Senator lost to Bobby Kennedy in 1964. Answer: Kenneth _Keating_ C. He won three-way race to become Conservative Party nominee in 1970. He later became part of a Supreme Court case voiding parts of the campaign finance reform enacted after Watergate. Answer: James _Buckley_ [The case is Buckley v. Valeo.] 17. Given the golf course, name its metropolitan area for 5 points each, 30 for all correct: A. Hazleton Answer: _Minneapolis_ or _Minneapolis-St. Paul_ B. Oakmont Answer: _Pittsburgh_ C. Doral Answer: _Miami_ D. Merion Answer: _Philadelphia_ 18. Name these stars for 10 points each: A. This name actually applies to two stars, one 15.5 times the size of the sun and the other seven times as big as the sun. A Greek name, it pits these stars against a certain planet. Answer: _Antares_ (literally "not Mars") B. This star takes its name from the fact that ancients believed it ruled the affairs of heaven. Many alternate names have a lion theme. Answer: _Regulus_ C. Part of the Summer Triangle, this star's name comes from the Arabic for "the hen's tail." Answer: _Deneb_ 19. Random House's Modern Library recently published its list of the 100 best nonfiction works of the 20th century. Given a work from that list which has a war or conflict as its subject, name the war or conflict plus the author of the work for 5 points per answer: A. The Guns of August Answers: _World War I_; Barbara _Tuchman_ B. A Bright Shining Lie Answers: _Vietnam_ War; Neil _Sheehan_ C. Homage to Catalonia Answers: _Spanish Civil_ War; George _Orwell_ 20. Name the group or artist from albums for 10 points each, 5 if you need a hit from the album. A. (10 points) Bigger, Better, Faster, More! (5 points) What's Up Answer: _4 Non Blondes_ B. (10 points) Reading, Writing and Arithmetic (5 points) Here's Where the Story Ends Answer: _The Sundays_ C. (10 points) Living Under June (5 points) Insensitive Answer: Jann _Arden_