2000 Terrapin Invitational Tournament - Division 1 Round 10 Questions by Shaun Hayeslip Toss-Ups 1. It was founded in 1962 by Silvio Mayorga, (my-OR-guh) Tomas Borge (BOR-hay) Martinez, and Carlos Fonseca Amador and committed itself to socialist activities. Split into three factions in the mid-1970s, the group reunited during the revolution of 1978-79 and overthrew the National Guard and president Anastasio Somoza Debayle. FTP, name this governing group of Nicaragua which allied with the Soviet Union and Cuba in the 1980s against the Honduras-based contras. Ans: Frente Sandinista(s) Liberacion Nacional or FSLN 2. Guillaume du Bartas suggest in La Semaine that she used a flambeau made from the fat of her own son, and in the Friar’s Tale Chaucer describes her as a pithonesse. The subject of a painting by Benjamin West, the law of the land banished all conjurors from the kingdom of Israel, but she foresaw that the king and his three sons would die in battle with the Philistines. FTP, name this sorceress who in the book of 1 Samuel was visited by King Saul. Ans: Witch of Endor 3. Born in California to Armenian parents, his reputation was established with the short story collection The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze. The novels The Laughing Matter and The Human Comedy were substantial, and he refused the Pultizer prize awarded in 1940 for his most famous play because he believed that commerce should not patronize art. FTP, name his playwright, whose most famous works include My Heart’s in the Highlands and The Time of Your Life. Ans: William Saroyan 4. The title of a book of poems by Steve Orlen, it was built around 1600 by the architect Antonio Contino. The name by which it is best known to tourists was invented by Lord Byron, who helped popularize the myth of condemned prisoners being led from the palace even though executions had ceased by the time it was built. FTP, name this “Ponte di Sospiri” (PON-tay dee so-SPEE-ree) connected to the Doge’s palace in Venice. Ans: Bridge of Sighs 5. Fatal at six months, it involves the low activity of hexosaminidase A in the generation of the sphingolipid ganglioside GM2. Also known as Ama-urotic Familial Idiocy, it involves a red spot developing on the retina, blinness, and paralysis preceding death. FTP, name this hereditary metabolic disorder that is common among people of Ahkenazi Jewish origin. Ans: Tay-Sachs disease 6. The son Vladimir falls in love when they are captured by a nomatic tribe of Turkish origin led by Khan Konchak. Beginning in the town square of Putive in 1185, the eclipse of the sun bodes ill for the title character, but he escapes to rejoin his wife Yaroslavna. FTP, name this opera based on a scenario by V.V. Stasov featuring the Polovtsian dances, with libretto and composition by Aleksandr Borodin. Ans: Prince Igor 7. She left the Dayton Journal Herald to start a family, but later she felt “too old for a paper route, too young for Social Security, and too tired for an affair”. She produced the TV series “Maggie” in 1981 and appeared on the “Good Morning, America” show, but she underwent a mastectomy in 1992 and died four years later following complications of a kidney transplant. FTP, name this satirical columnist whose books include I Lost Everything in the Post-Natal Depression and The Grass is Always Greener over the Septic Tank. Ans: Erma Bombeck 8. Although very little was produced following the incident, “Robert Rich” won an Oscar for Best Screenplay for The Brave One in 1956. While in prison Edward Dmytryk broke with the rest and agreed to cooperate, while Bertolt Brecht was originally included before he fled from the country and the House Un-American Activities Committee. FTP, name this group of producers, directors and screenwriters including Ring Lardner, Jr. and Dalton Trumbo that were blacklisted for refusing to answer questions concerning communist activities. Ans: Hollywood Ten 9. Born with the last name Goulden, she was imprisoned in 1913 under the Prisoners Act and was released and re-arrested 12 times within the year. Her daughter Christabel directed militant activities from Paris during WWI, and her efforts as the founder of the Women’s Social and Political Union were largely successful. FTP, name this victor in the battle for women’s suffrage in Great Britain. Ans: Emmeline Pankhurst 10. She starred in two forgettable 1969 movies: Riverboat Mama and Indian Raid, Indian Made. Arrested over 19 times based on her exploits, she has a 60 inch chest and, according to Jim Pettit of the Fayetteville Observer Times, “the most famous lips in America”. FTP, name this woman who, for a $5 bet started kissing athletes at the age of 15, known as “the Kissing Bandit”. Ans: Morganna the Kissing Bandit 11. It belongs to the same order, Crossopterygii, as the ancestors of the entire amphibian populations, and it was first identified by the British amateur James L.B. Smith. Weighing 80 kilograms or more with a three-lobed tail, fossils have been dated in abundance to approximately 400 million years ago. FTP, name this deep-dwelling bony fish thought to be extinct until re-discovered in 1938 off the coast of South Africa. Ans: coelacanth 12. The British government had previously enacted the Rowlatt Acts, which served as a rationale for combatting subversive activities. A prelude to Gandhi’s Non-cooperation movement, the resulting of actions of brigadier general Reginald Dyer were initially condemned, but later praised by the House of Lords. FTP, name this 1919 massacre of 379 unarmed Punjabi protestors. Ans: Amritsar massacre 13. He attended the 2nd council of Lyon in 1274, and spoke in favor of acknowledging Rudolf of Hapsburg as the German king. His neoplatonic speculation was later continued by Ulrich of Strasbourg, but his work while occupying the Dominican chair “for foreigners” at the University of Paris led to him being named Doctor Universalis. FTP, name this Aristotelian scholar and teacher of Thomas Acquinas. Ans: St. Albertus Magnus 14. For twenty years she worked in the Nantucket Atheneum, and she later taught at Vassar upon its opening in 1865. The first woman elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, she pioneered the daily photography of sunspots and discovered the orbit of a new comet in 1847. FTP, name this first professional woman astronomer in the United States. Ans: Maria Mitchell 15. The fictional families of Lower East Side Jewish immigrants and upper-class WASPs from New Rochelle are interspersed with real-life figures such as Harry Houdini, J.P. Morgan, and Booker T. Washington. The most prominent character is the black piano player Coalhouse Walker, who is probably based on the rag composer Scott Joplin. FTP, name this novel set in early 20th century New York by E.L. Doctorow. Ans: Ragtime 16. Of importance has been his mathematical formulation of the interactions between multiplier and accelerator effects and the development of the theory of revealed preference. A professor of economics at M.I.T. beginning in 1940, his belief in consumer behavior as key to economic theory is outlined in his most important publiction, Foundations of Economic Analysis. FTP, name this American economist and winner of the 1970 Nobel prize in economics. Ans: Paul Samuelson 17. The grandson of Trenmor and Muirne of the fair neck, he engaged in battle with Goll the One-eyed for the position of chieftain. He is engaged in the service of the high king at Tara, and his actions are mainly for the loves of his life: his first wife Sedb, and his second Grainne, who betrays him for his kinsman Diarmuid. FTP, name this Irish hero whose wisdom came from hazelnuts and the salmon of knowledge. Ans: Finn MacCool or Fionn mac Cumhail 18. His father, Eugene Straussler, was a physician whose company sent him to Singapore, where he was killed during WWII. Assuming his stepfather’s surname, he went on to write his first play, A Walk on the Water, which was televised in 1963, and among his recent productions are The Romantic Englishwoman and Despair. FTP, identify this Czech-born playwright, best known for Arcadia and a re-creation of the roles of two minor characters from Hamlet. Ans: Tom Stoppard 19. It is defined as i times the partial derivative with respect to x plus j times the partial derivative with respect to y plus k times the partial derivative with respect to z, where i, j, and k are unit vector in the direction of x, y, and z. While the scalar product of n and the operator acting upon a given function f describes the rate of change of f in the direction of n, the symbol representing the operation looks like an upside-down delta symbol. FTP, name this idea from 3D calculus, the slope of a surface in 3 dimensions. Ans: gradient 20. Admired by Thomas Jefferson in 1792 in his own initial designs for the U.S. Capitol and White House, it is characterized by its symmetry and proportional rooms, colonnades on each of its four sides, and central circular halls surmounted by domes. This hilltop summer home was constructed by 1551 for Giulio Capra near Vincenza, Italy. FTP, name this most notable, and widely-copied construction of the sixteenth century Italian architect Andrea Palladio. Ans: Villa Rotonda or Villa Rotunda [MD House] 21. The 18th century cultural revival was marked by the Spread of Nonconformity, and in 1914 the native church became separate from the Anglican. Once the world’s leading exporter of coal, a sharp decline in the economy after WWI has led to a decline in native speakers here, especially in the industrial South; to counter this, the government instituted a native TV channel in 1982. FTP, name this quasi-nation that has been under the rule of neighbor England since the 13th century days of Owen Glendower. Ans: Wales Bonuses 1. Give these classes of enzymes from a brief description FTPE. (HINT: they all end in -ase) a. These enzymes move a functional group from one molecule to another; examples include kinases, which participate in the phosphorylation of molecules. Ans: transferases b. Different from transferases, these enzymes can move a functional group within a molecule or change the configuration of the molecules present, such as in a cis-trans conformation change. Ans: isomerases c. An example of using this type of enzyme is in the conversion of pyruvate and carbon dioxide into oxaloacetate; thus, two smaller molecules join together to form a single larger molecule. Ans: ligases 2. Identify these things in or around the country of Ecuador FTPE. a. Another name for the South American Indians living in the Andes highlands between Ecuador and Bolivia, it is the name of the language of the Incan empire. Ans: Quechua b. First climbed by British mountaineer Edward Whymper, this inactive volcano is the highest peak in Ecuador. Ans: Chimborazo c. The chief port and largest city of Ecuador, it was the site of the infamous 1822 meeting between Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin which precipitated the Wars for Independence. Ans: Guayaquil (GWI-uh-keel) 3. Identify these popes of the 12th century FTPE. a. Originally named Nicholas Breakspear, this only Englishman to serve as pope crowned Frederick Barbarossa holy roman emperor in 1155. Ans: Adrian IV b. Legend has it that this emperor placed his foot on Frederick Barbarossa’s neck after the latter’s surrender in Venice in 1177; he reigned for over 20 years. Ans: Alexander III c. Originally named Lotario di Segni, he began serving as pope in 1198 and convoked the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215. Ans: Innocent III 4. “About suffering they were never wrong, / the Old Masters: how well they understood / Its human position.” a. This is the first set of lines of what poem? Ans: Musee des Beaux Arts b. Who is responsible for the poem “Musee des Beaux-Arts”. Ans: W.H. Auden c. In the second stanza, W.H. Auden goes on to describe what painting by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, which is now located in the Royal Museum in Brussels. Ans: Landscape with the Fall of Icarus 5. Classical music is devilishly good; answer the following evil-related questions FTPE. a. He commissioned Harold in Italy for Hector Berlioz, but due to his technical prowess he was rumored to have been in league with the devil. Ans: Niccolo Paganini b. He contributed to the science of acoustics and devised a theory of harmony based on affinities with algebra, but this Italian is best-known for his Devil’s Trill violin sonata. Ans: Giuseppe Tartini c. Not exactly classical, this group played the song “Tommy the Cat” just before the Battle of the Bands in Bill and Ted’s Bogus Journey. Of course, they are better known for “The Devil went Down to Georgia”. Ans: Primus 6. Identify these writers with Chinese-American connections 5-10-15. (5) Her second novel The Kitchen God’s Wife was inspired by her mother’s history: she also published The Hundred Secret Senses in 1995. Ans: Amy Tan (10) Originally born in West Virginia, she was raised in China by missionary parents and related such experiences in the works The Good Earth and A House Divided. Ans: Pearl Buck (15) The son of Chinese immigrant parents, among her works include Tripmaster Monkey: His Fake Book and Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Childhood Among Ghosts. Ans: Maxine Hong Kingston 7. Imagine that Bob has type AB blood and Roberta has type O blood. Answer the following questions. (5) If Bob and Roberta have a kid, what is the probability that it will be a boy with type B blood? Ans: 1/4 or 25% (10) If Junior then marries Bobbina, who is heterozygous for type A blood, what is the probability of them having a girl with type O blood? Ans: 1/8 or 12.5% (10) In addition to the Rh factor, there is another gene responsible for surface proteins on red corpuscles that can take two different forms. Give the one-letter representations of these two alleles, ten points all or nothing. Ans: M/N (5) What is the term indicating the relationship between the alleles for A and B type blood? Ans: codominance 8. The lint-catcher, the one-eyed Mabel, the omphalos, the belly button. Answer these questions having to do with navels FTPE. a. This writer and Strawberry Hill resident felt compelled to discuss navels in his 1792 Anecdotes of Painting. Ans: Horace Walpole b. His sculpture “Omphalos” is located in Harvard square, and he also created a fountain sculpture in the center of Copley Place. Ans: Dimitri Hadzi c. On I Dream of Jeannie, NBC sensors refused to let the navel of this actress show on screen. Ans: Barbara Eden 9. 30-20-10 identify the organization. (30) W.A. Boyle was convicted of conspiracy to murder the insurgent leader Joseph Yablonski and his wife and daughter in 1969. (20) It formed the backbone of FDR’s labor support in the presidential election of 1936, but its strike in 1943 provoked public backlash. (10) From 1920-1960 it was led by John L. Lewis, who organized the anthracite and bituminous workers beginning in West Virginia and Pennsylvania. Ans: United Mine Workers of America 10. Answer these questions relating to a concept in economics FTPE. a. This law states that if one input in the production of a commodity is increased while all other inputs are fixed, a point will eventually be reached at which additions will yield progressively smaller increases in output. Ans: law of diminishing returns or principle of diminishing marginal productivity b. He used Thomas Malthus’ principles of population growth and the law of diminishing returns to critique Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations in his own Principles of Political Economy and Taxation. Ans: David Ricardo c. He gave new meaning to the orthodox doctrine of rent in Progress and Poverty by arguing that since economic progress entailed a growing scarcity of land, the idle landowner reaped greater returns at the expense of labor and capital. Ans: Henry George 11. Name these early newspaper publishers FSNP. (5) He purchased the New York Morning Journal in 1895 and achieved a wide circulation by hiring such writers as Stephen Crane and Julian Hawthorne. Ans: William Randolph Hearst (5) Jay Gould sold the New York World in 1883 to this man, who turned it into the leading voice of the Democratic Party of the 1800s. Ans: Joseph Pulitzer (10) After the wars between William Randolph Hearst and Josphe Pulitzer, he bought the New York Times in 1896 and insitutued the slogan “all the news that’s fit to print”. Circulation rapidly increased. Ans: Adolph Ochs (10) This son-in-law succeeded Adolph Ochs in 1935 as publisher of the New York Times. Ans: Arthur Hays Sulzberger 12. 30-20-10 identify this Revolutionary War figure. (30) For a daring rescue of Americans at Parkers Ferry in August 1781, he received a note of thanks from Congress. (20) After the war he served in the South Carolina senate for 12 years, but it was the surrender of General Benjamin Lincoln at Charleston that provoked his most noted actions. (10) Nicknamed “the Swamp Fox”, his guerrilla tactics served as the basis for Mel Gibson’s The Patriot. Ans: Francis Marion 13. Identify these famous monasteries FTPE. a. The center of the Cistercian order, this abbey located in northeastern France was founded in 1115 but was turned into a prison in the 19th century. Ans: Clairvaux b. It lies along the Rapido River, and Paul the Deacon wrote his history of the Lombards there 200 years following its founding in 529 by St. Benedict. Ans: Monte Cassino c. Located west of Sankt Polten on the Danube river, this Austrian monastery was the castle-residence of the Babenberg rulers of Austria from 976-1101. Ans: Melk 14. Now that the Olympics are over, you have all of the events and their winners memorized, right? Well, this bonus isn’t going to ask about the bronze medal winner in steeplechase - just, FFPE and a 5 point bonus for all correct, name the five events involved in the modern pentathlon. Ans: cross-country running, horseback riding (accept equivalents), swimming pistol shooting (do not accept shotgun shooting), fencing 15. Identify these types of trees FTPE. a. From the myrtle family, these rapidly-growing trees native to Australia, New Zealand, and Tasmania are also known as gum trees or stringybark trees. Ans: eucalyptus b. Also known as the maidenhair tree, this gymnosperm is the only living representative of its order. Highly resistant to cold weather, it is often planted in Chinese and Japanese temple gardens. Ans: ginkgo c. Arabian legend suggests that this tree was uprooted by devil, but it is actually a member of the bombax family native to Africa. The strong fiber from its bark can be used locally for rope and cloth. Ans: baobab 16. 30-20-10 name the religious literary figure. (30) In Freedom of Will he argued for the moral responsibility of one’s actions, while in The Nature of True Virtue was a treatise on ethics. (20) A one-time tutor at Yale after graduating in 1720 at the age of 17, he had 10 sisters and zero brothers, and was associate pastor in Northampton, Massachusetts. (10) He was prominent in the Great Awakening due to sermons like “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”. Ans: Jonathan Edwards 17. Identify these people involved in the formation of the Big Bang theory FSNP. (5) While not directly involved in the Big Bang theory, his work involving the expansion of the universe led directly to its formation. Ans: Edwin Hubble (15) Expanding on the work of Edwin Hubble, this Belgian was the first to propose an initial explosion at the beginning of the universe. Ans: Georges Lemaitre (10) This Russian-born American proposed that after the release of electromagnetic radiation immediately following the Big Bang, microwave background radiation would be present throughout the universe. Ans: George Gamow 18. Given the work of philosophy, identify the writer 5-10-15. (5) Either/Or Ans: Soren Kierkegaard (10) Human Knowledge: its Scope and Limits, An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth Ans: Bertrand Russell (15) An Attempt at a Critique on all Revelation Ans: Johann Fichte 19. Answer the following questions concerning Roe v. Wade. a. Jane Roe was a pseudonym for this woman, who lost her job after becoming pregnant in 1969. Ans: Norma McCorvey b. Before reaching the Supreme Court, the circuit court in this state declared the law forbidding abortion unconstitutional. Ans: Texas c. This companion case to Roe v. Wade followed later that year and caused a split in the Republican party. Ans: Doe v. Bolton 20. Answer these questions related to the creation of the world. a. FFPE, name the first woman and first man in Norse mythology. Ans: Ask and Embla b. He was the giant from whose body the world was created and was nourished by the four milky streams of the cow Audhumbla. Ans: Ymir c. In the beginning war between the gods and giants, this brother duo slew Ymir (FFPE). Ans: Vili and Ve