Matt29**D"دMatt29"cbpbb?bb<TEXTMACA**دPacket 29 A precocious student, he began his education at the University of Bologna, but left to visit other famous universities in Italy and France. His writings were deep and difficult -- _De Ente et Uno_ was an attempt to reconcile Platonic and Aristotelian ontologies, and _Oration on the Dignity of Man_ attempted to give an account of free will. In 1489, he completed the _Heptaplus_, a mystical account of the origin of the universe. FTP, name this humanist whose list of 900 theses he had posted at the age of 23 landed him in hot water with the pope until he was absolved by Alexander VI. Answer: Giovanni _Pico Della Mirandola_ A founder of United Artists Film Corporation, her second husband was Douglas Fairbanks. She first appeared on the stage at age 5, and in 1909, acted in The Violin Maker of Cremona, directed by D.W. Griffith. Her beauty earned her the nickname The Worlds Sweetheart. After making her first talking movie, Coquette, she retired from the screen in 1933. FTP, who was this star of _The Taming of the Shrew, Poor Little Rich Girl, and Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm? Answer: Mary _Pickford_ In 1777, he the battles of Brandywine Creek and Germantown had gone badly for George Washington, while Horatio Gates had become a hero for his victory at Saratoga. As a result, this Irish-born officer wrote a letter to Gates, criticizing Washington. Washington publicized a frank letter to Gates, turned public sentiment around, and the writer of the original letter was called to defend himself before Congress. FTP, who was this soldier, a minor player in the cabal to oust Washington that was named after him? Answer: Thomas _Conway_ After an emotional crisis, he traveled to the U.S., where he wrote the surrealistic work that was collected in _Poet in New York_. His first successful play was the historical drama _Mariana Pineda_, but he had made his name earlier with _Romancero Gitano_, a collection of Andalusian gypsy ballads. Turning to puppet plays for marionettes, he wrote _The Shoemakers Marvelous Wife_. FTP, name this Spanish writer best known for his dramas of thwarted womanhood: _The House of Bernarda Alba_, _Yerma_, and _Blood Wedding_. Answer: Federico _Garcia Lorca_ In 1925, her marriage with painter A.C. Svarstad failed, and her subsequent books were modern and moralistic, such as _Madame Dorothea_ and _The Faithful Wife_. Her early novels were sympathetic stories of romance, such as _Mrs. Martha Oulie_ and _Jenny_, but she is best known for her historical novel, set in fourteenth century Norway, called _Kristin Lavransdatter_. FTP, who is this Norwegian winner of the 1928 Nobel Prize in literature? Answer: Sigrid _Undset_ Its name translates from Arabic as a square house. Said to have been built first by Adam, who received pardon there two hundred years after his expulsion from Paradise, it was rebuilt by Ishmael and Abraham after the flood. In the northeast corner is the Hajar-al-Aswad, a black, oval aerolite stone with a circle of gold. FTP, name this shrine in the center of the Great Mosque in Mecca. Answer: _Kaaba_ It signaled the end of the NEP and of compromise with the peasantry. Its goal was to industrialize rapidly, and bring about a socioeconomic transformation by converting the entire urban and rural labor force into employees of state-controlled enterprises. Stalin declared We are 50 to 100 years behind the advanced countries. We must cover this distance in ten years...or they will crush us. FTP, what was this social program launched by Stalin from the years 1928-1932? Answer: The First _Five-Year Plan_ Deeply interested in the nonviolent methods of Gandhi, she made several visits to India. She served as an officer of the Womens International League for Peace and Freedom during the early 1920s, and as a lobbyist for the Womens Peace Union. Ten years later, she was elected to Congress, where she opposed conscription, Lend-Lease, and the repeal of neutrality laws. FTP, identify this woman who while in congress, opposed U.S. entry into both World Wars. Answer: Jeannette _Rankin_ His films are widely admired for the contemporaneity and spontaneity in the use of sound, editing, and camera movement without regard to continuity. These effects were seen in 1962s My Life to Live, as well a The Married Woman. His 1985 film, Hail Mary, aroused controversy with its modernized version of Christs birth. He began his career as a film critic with the magazine Film Notebooks in 1952. FTP, name this French leader of the New Wave directors, the maker of such movies as Weekend and Breathless. Answer: Jean Luc _Godard_ It was introduced by Hermann Dresser, a German. Marketed in 1899 by the German company Farbenfabriken Bayer A.G., it was first available as a lose powder in small dose-sized envelopes. With a melting point of about 128 degrees Celsius, its formula is C6H4 (O.COCH3) COOH, and it acts as an antiuretic. FTP, name this byproduct of coal tar, now used as a pain killer. Answer: _Aspirin_ or _Acetylsalicylic Acid_ The earliest example of didactic poetry, it embodies its authors experiences as a Boeotian farmer, and is sprinkled generously with episodes of fable and allegory. In a simple, moralizing style, it stresses the importance of hard work and righteousness. It also gives instructions for charting a religious calendar with lucky and unlucky days for certain farming tasks. The main theme is moral decay, as the five stages of man are traced, from the golden age to the authors own iron age. FTP, what is this masterpiece of the 8th Century B.C. Greek poet Hesiod? Answer: _Works and Days_ He was born in Leghorn and raised in a Jewish ghetto, where he suffered serious illnesses as a boy. He moved to Paris in 1906, and led a reckless, dissipated life, coming into contact with Pablo Picasso and Jean Cocteau. Influenced by Fauvism and by the work of his friend Constantin Brancusi, he began his artistic career as a sculptor but moved on to painting. His best work blends the grace of a style reminiscent of Botticelli with the dynamism of African sculpture, exemplified by _Nude on a Divan_. FTP, who is this modern Italian artist famous for his elongated figures? Answer: Amedeo _Modigliani_ Upon succeeding his father as sachem, he was coerced into signing an agreement with the Plymouth General Court to the effect that he would sell no land without the courts consent. He understood the agreement to be for seven years, but the written document, which he could not read, made it perpetual. After he sold land to Rhode Islanders, the Plymouth colonists took steps to force him into subjection, and he led a rebellion that was since named for him. In 1676, he was captured and beheaded. FTP, name this son of Massasoit, the leader of the Wampanoag tribe. Answer: (King) _Philip_ or _Metacom_ As governor-general of India from 1899 to 1905, he reorganized Indian finances, improved irrigation and commerce, and partitioned the restless Bengal province. Active in the house of Lords during World War I, he became a member of the inner war cabinet under David Lloyd George. He presided over the Lausanne Conference on peace in the Middle East. FTP, identify this British statesman best remembered for the boundary he proposed between the Soviet Union and Poland. Answer: George _Curzon_ He was born in Riga, Latvia, and was appointed professor at the Polytechnic Institute there. He did work in electrochemistry, studying conductivity and electrolytic dissociation of organic acids. He invented a viscometer that is still used to measure solution viscosity. During World War I, the Germans used his method of preparing nitric acid by oxidizing ammonia to produce explosives. FTP, who was this winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909? Answer: Wilhelm _Ostwald_ She traveled to South Africa and spent several years in Rhodesia before returning to England in 1944 to work in the Foreign Office writing anti-Nazi propaganda. Her writings include _The Mandelbaum Gate_, a story of tensions in the Holy Land, and _The Only Problem_, a meditation on the Old Testament book of Job. Her best-known novel features an eccentric Edinburgh schoolteacher who is seen through the eyes of an admiring pupil. FTP, identify this writer of _The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie_. Answer: Muriel _Spark_ He wrote in 1911, Democracy is a life, and involves continual struggle. From district attorney of Dane county he moved up to Congress, but was unseated in 1890. Throughout his long tenure in the Senate, he gave his name to only one major law, the 1915 act protecting merchant seamen from exploitation. He claimed to see a sinister alliance between the interests of lumber and railroad corporations and the bosses, or major-party leaders, who worked to cheat farmers and workers. He sought to take the Republican nomination away from Taft, but ended up supporting Wilson until 1917. FTP, name this candidate for President in 1924 from the Progressive Party. Answer: Robert _La Follette_ In his later life, he served as grand master of the Masonic Grand Lodge, as one of the organizers of Bostons first successful mutual fire insurance company, and as Suffolk County coroner. He developed a profitable foundry and hardware business, and established the United States first sheet-copper mill, which plated the USS Constitutions hull. FTP, name this member of the Sons of Liberty who took orders from Joseph Warren to cross the Charles River and ride to Lexington on the eighteenth of April in 75. Answer: Paul _Revere_ He was the eldest son of a warrior chieftain named Matsudaira, and became an ally of the warlord Nodunaga, whose policy of unification he supported. Following the death of the regent Hideyoshi in 1598, there was a power struggle between him and Ishida Mitsunari that resulted in his victory at the battle of Sekigahara in 1600. Confirmed in his power, he established his capital at Yedo. FTP, identify this man whom the Emperor in 1603 appointed shogun. Answer: Ieyasu _Tokugawa_ Between 1923 and 1946, he undertook paleontological expeditions in China, where he helped to discover Peking Man. In 1948, he was prevented from succeeding Abbe Breuil at the Sorbonne because his research did not conform to Jesuit orthodoxy. His work in Cenozoic geology won him the Legion of Honor. He employed the concept of involution to explain why homo sapiens has not split into different species, an idea he expounded in _The Phenomenon of Man_ and _The Divine Milieu_, in which he also orgiinated the terms noosphere and omega point. FTP, name this French Jesuit theologian and paleontologist. Answer: Pierre _Teilhard_ de Chardin]j6Xp8&ڭ9(Matt29MTEXTMACAVTEXTMACA**=8iZ"7@^Ł:a٭O;*J,"fC,[ZiFu,fKvҡ%RZ^ ~L%ZDud289_LtL#b܀Mi'E9