University of Michigan
MLK Tournament 2005

packet by

Univ. of Texas at Austin
Michigan MLK Tournament 2005
Packet by Univ. of Texas-Austin

TOSSUPS

1. A speech he gave at Ennis describing a “Moral Coventry” led to the isolation of a bureaucrat named Captain Boycott.  He was ejected from the House of Commons and arrested after opposing the Coercion Bill, but was released by the Kilmainham treaty a year later.  After the “no rent” manifesto declared his Land League illegal he allied himself with Gladstone, but his temporary success was eventually destroyed due to scandal.  FTP name this Irish statesman, who was deposed as leader of the Home Rule party due to his affair with Katherine O’Shea.

	ANSWER: Charles Stewart Parnell

2. The title character of this poem chooses not to walk the extra thirteen miles necessary to visit his brother, a director at the bank.  He rags on Harold Wilson, whom he considers “daft on education” for studying “Latin like the violin.” The title character’s one accomplishment is his ability to stack hay, according to Warren, though Mary believes he has “nothing to look backward to with pride, And nothing to look forward to with hope.”  After this exchange, Warren reports his passing with the single word: “Dead.”  FTP, name this Robert Frost poem in which Silas dies.

	Answer: “The Death of the Hired Man”

3. The sixth section of this piece, arranged for three glockenspiels and orchestra, tells of the love of Banziflor and Helena.  The second section, “Primo Vere” features songs to Spring and the sun.  The piece as a whole is based on a collection of 250 poems discovered in a German Benedictine Abbey; however, only the last part of the third section, which includes the “Round Dance,” is sung in German.  The rest, including the “In Taberna” section, is sung in Latin.  FTP, name this 1937 work by Carl Orff, whose most famous movement is “O Fortuna.”

	Answer: Carmina Burana

4. This algorithm won its creator the 1972 Turing Award.  The running time of its Extract Min function can be improved with a Fibonacci heap.  Unlike the Bellman-Ford algorithm, it must have a positive value for edge weight.  Its basic operation is "edge relaxation," which compares distances between a source vertex, intermediate vertices, and an ending vertex.  FTP, name this algorithm which solves the single-source shortest path problem, named for a Dutch computer scientist.

	Answer: Dijkstra's Algorithm

5. In 1973, this man wrote a contemporary version of the Bacchae, and his most recent work is based on Ubu Roi.  His essay collection The Burden of Memory, The Muse of Forgiveness advocates reparations to his home nation, while such poems as “Live Burial” are included in the collection A Man Died, which he wrote in prison.  His experience as an intellectual in Ibada inspired The Interpreters, though as an undergraduate in London he wrote The Swamp Dwellers and The Lion and the Jewel.  He is perhaps best known for a play in which Elesin commits suicide, Death and the King’s Horseman.  FTP, name this Nobel Prize-winning Nigerian playwright.
	Answer: Wole Soyinka

6. An effigy of Andrew Oliver found hanging in a tree alongside a large boot with a devil climbing out of it is generally considered to be the first work of this group.  They started out as tradesmen calling themselves "The Loyal Nine," but that number grew quickly as propaganda published in the local newspaper led to Ebenezer McIntosh's 2000-member South End Gang joining them. They took their eventual name from a comment made by Isaac Barre in Britain, and had a flag with nine vertical stripes on it. FTP, name this group known for a 1773 event organized by William Molineux and Samuel Adams in Boston Harbor.

	ANSWER: Sons of Liberty

7. In fluid dynamics, it is a relation between the velocity induced by a vortex line and the line’s circulation and orientation.  When applied to a current-carrying wire of finite length, it yields field lines with magnitudes that depend on the angles to the ends of the wire.  This law relates the cross product of a differential current element and a unit displacement vector to magnetic field strength.  Analogous to Coulomb’s law for electric field intensity, FTP name this law that is equivalent to Ampere’s current law.
	Answer: Biot-Savart law (accept Ampere’s current law before it is mentioned)

8. According to James Jordon and Sam Bowers, he was the ringleader of an incident involving James Chaney and others. He conspired with Cecil Price, the sheriff of Nechoba County, who arrested Chaney on his way back from Mt. Zion Methodist Church. They were released, but afterwards were stopped by a mob and murdered. During his 1967 trial, dubbed a "Mississippi Burning" case, he was released because one woman "would not convict a preacher." FTP, name this Ku Klux Klan recruiter and organizer, set to be retried in March 2005 for the 1964 slayings of three civil rights workers.

	ANSWER: Edgar Ray Killen

9. Alexi Murdoch's song "Orange Sky," which is featured in this film, could not appear on the soundtrack due to a conflict with Fox's "The O.C."  One character suggests that the Shins' song "New Slang" will change the protagonist's life, just after she recommends he kick a seeing-eye dog in the balls.  Ian Holm attempts an American accent as the protagonist's father, who has acted as the protagonist's psychiatrist since his mother became paraplegic, and subsequently died by drowning in a bathtub.  FTP, name this film chronicling Zach Braff's return to New Jersey.

	Answer: Garden State

10. In 1737 this man was appointed secretary of his country's Academy of Surgery, and became a court physician seven years later.  His followers included Badeau, Morellet, and Mirabeau, author of Les ami d'hommes. He contributed two articles to Diderot's Encyclopedie, one on "Fermiers" and another on "Grains." His Maximes Generales was published simultaneously with another work introduced by his motto: "Poor peasants, poor kingdom; poor kingdom, poor king."  FTP, name this leader of the Physiocratic school and economic advisor to Louis XV, author of the Tableau Economique.

	Answer: Francois Quesnay

11. This descendant of Joseph was thrown out of his home by his half brothers and disinherited due to being the son of a harlot, after which he lived as a raider in the land of Tob.  The successor of Jair, he murdered the Ephraimites because of their inability to pronounce the word “Shibboleth” while recruiting troops for his greatest campaign, though he was successful nonetheless due to a fateful promise.  FTP name this judge and son of Gilead, who in exchange for victory over the Ammonites vowed to sacrifice his daughter to God.

ANSWER: Jephthah

12. A deficiency of 21-hydroxylase is the cause of congenital hyperplasia of this organ, while Pheochromocytomas, or “Ten Percent Tumors,” cause their necessary excision.  The destruction of them by tuberculosis or autoimmune malfunction causes Addison’s disease, while excessive steroid use can lead to Cushing Syndrome.  The plasma protein Angiotensin II stimulates the release of Anti Diuretic Hormone into the kidneys by--FTP--which organ that also produces hormones like Cortisol, Aldosterone and Adrenaline?

ANSWER: Adrenal Glands

13. Upon finding a grey gardening cloak, Mrs. Mcnab reminisces about her employer in this novel, which takes place primarily on the Isle of Skye.  Charles, the patriarch’s disciple, feels that women cannot paint or write, which earns him the ire of fellow houseguest Lily Briscoe.  The central action of the novel is delayed for ten years, during which time Mrs. Ramsay dies, but in the end James earns his father’s affection by successfully sailing their boat to the title locale.  FTP name this novel by Virginia Woolf.

	ANSWER: To the Lighthouse

14. The reclining figure Morpheus was this man’s reception piece for the Royal Academy, while his statue of Diana was refused by the Salon on grounds of lewdness.  After studying under Rene Michel Slodtz he won the Prix de Rome and established himself with a statue of St. Bruno.  His Ecorche, an anatomical study, is still used as a teaching tool.  He created a bust from a cast of Rousseau’s face made shortly after he died, although he was more well known for his busts of Voltaire and several prominent Americans.  FTP name this French sculptor and portraitist of Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin, and George Washington

	ANSWER: Jean-Antoine Houdon

15. In the second preface to this book, the author states he was forced to move to London to publish his views, since Catholics in Vienna were suspicious of them.  The author points out that the title figure's name comes from the Egyptian for "child," and cites Otto Ranke's The Myth of the Birth of the Hero in pointing out the revenge the son takes against the father.  It goes on to classify Judaism and Christianity as religions of the father and the son, respectively, using the ideas the author had expressed in Totem and Taboo.  FTP, name this last work of Sigmund Freud, which suggests the title figure was an Egyptian prince, not a Hebrew.

	Answer: Moses and Monotheism or 
Der Mann Moses und die monotheistische Religion

16. In response to it Lords Sidmouth, Eldon, and Castlereagh were allegorized in Percy Shelley's “Mask of Anarchy” and it inspired inspired George Edwards and Arthur Thistlewood to perpetrate the Cato Street Conspiracy. It began when a group of peasants was called in by magistrate William Hulton in response to a crowd gathered around Richard Carlisle and Henry Hunt, who were giving a speech on corn laws.  FTP name this massacre that took place on Augist 16, 1819 in an eponymous field outside Manchester.

	ANSWER: Peterloo Massacre

17. After the great flood destroyed the age of Chalchiuhtlicue he told Tata and Nene to hide in a hollow tree and eat one ear of maize a piece, which caused the waters to recede.  His “red” avatar spun the heavens on its axis as a drill to create fire.  He used his foot as bait to capture the alligator monster Cipactli, whose form he and his counterpart used to create the world.  He ruled a race of giants under the first sun until being kicked into the sea, from which he rose as a jaguar.  With a name meaning “smoking mirror,” this is, FTP, what Aztec god, the adversary of Quetzalcoatl.

	ANSWER: Tezcatlipoca

18. This territory is famous for its nickel mines at Bienvenue and Goro, and it contains 25% of the world's known nickel resources.  Its popular nicknames include Le Caillou and Kanaky, after the indigenous Melanesians which make up 44% of the population.  It includes the Loyalty Islands, located just east of the main island, and it is located southwest of Vanuatu and due south of the Solomon Islands.  FTP, name this South Pacific French territory with capital at Noumea.

	Answer: New Caledonia or Nouvelle-Calédonie

19. One type of this molecule is used pharmaceutically for destroying a VEGF receptor in angiogenesis, thus helping stop cancer growth. Carl Woese, Leslie Orgel, and Francis Crick suggested its existence in 1967 due to the complex secondary structures of its component. Group I and Group II introns are examples of this, since they can splice themselves out of an RNA transcript. Hammerhead, hairpin, and Tetrahymena are also examples of, FTP, what type of RNA molecule that can catalyze a chemical reaction?
ANSWER: Ribozyme

20. This play’s notes cite Stanley Kunitz’s poem “The Testing-Tree,” and says “it’s OK if the wires show.”  The travel agent Mr. Lies is the imaginary best friend of Harper, an agoraphobic valium addict, who is married to the upright Mormon Joe Pitt.  The same actress who plays Joe’s mom also plays the ghost of Ethel Rosenberg, who aids Louis Ironson in a Kaddish for Roy Cohn. Pryor Walter refuses the offer of the title characters, who are referred to as “cosmic reactionaries.” FTP, name this Tony Kushner play, whose first part “Millennium Approaches” received a Pulitzer.

	Answer: Angels in America

21. He meets a woman named Umbrel in Atlanta and decides to stay with her until he discovers they are incompatible.  This man’s father stockpiled bananas in the storage room turned bomb shelter when he was young in preparation for the day a nuke from “Kremlin Joe” turned his family into monkeys.  Suspected to be his own grandfather due to a time travel accident, he has three heart-attacks induced by cola consumption.  He is obsessed with anchovies and eats the last can of them despite their usefulness in the robot oil industry.  FTP name this interstellar delivery boy, the protagonist of Futurama.

	ANSWER: Phillip J. Fry

22. While a student at Cambridge this man was influenced by J.M.E. McTaggart and F.H. Bradley, but his break from their philosophy can be seen in his “Defense of Common Sense.”  A longtime editor of the publication Mind, he was concerned over the distinction between a “sense datum” and a material thing.  He wrote about the erroneous tendency to identify good with physical or psychological pleasure, a concept he called the Naturalistic Fallacy, in his most well-known work, which greatly influenced the Bloomsbury Group.  FTP name this British philosopher and author of Principia Ethica.

	ANSWER: G.E. Moore

23. The Niagara Movement’s second conference took place in this town, and it was the base of operations for Philip Sheridan in the Shenandoah Campaign. Meriwether Lewis received an iron boat frame and John Hall developed an interchangeable part system for rifles here. FTP, name this National Historical Park in West Virginia named for a business on the Potomac and Shenandoah rivers, known for an 1859 raid by John Brown.

	ANSWER: Harper’s Ferry, WV

24. The epilogue of this story involves the Host blessing his testicles, and the prologue describes its author as “Sir John, who rides a horse both foul and lean.”  The protagonist tells of a traveler predicting his own death after he awakes from a nightmare involving a large yellow dog.  He then cleverly mistranslates Cato after his wife, Pertelote, tells him dreams mean nothing.  While Pertelote searches for a laxative, the protagonist encounters Daun Russel, who asks him to showcase his voice then carries him off into the woods.  FTP name this Canterbury tale about the Cock Chanticleer.

	ANSWER: Nun’s Priest’s Tale

25. The Jakobsson-Fellman theorem links this economic entity to tax progressivity, while the Shorrocks theorem shows a correlation to the level of social welfare in a society.  The line y=x is significant to this entity on a graph, as it cannot rise above it at any time.  It always appears concave up, and the area between it and the line y=x is known as the Gini coefficient.  Created by an eponymous American scientist, this is, FTP, what curve from economics used to measure income inequality?

	ANSWER: Lorenz Curve 

26. At the far left of the painting Mercury wears an orange tunic and a sheathed sword as he banishes clouds from the garden. Next to him, the Graces dance around, and overhead, a small, winged Cupid points his arrow of love at one of the Graces. To the right of the central figure stand a group identifiable as Zephyrus, god of the wind, Chloris, the fleeing nymph held by Zephyrus’ grasp, and Flora, goddess of spring and flowers. The central figure is Venus, and she is at home in her garden. For 10 points—name this Botticelli painting that can be found in the Uffizi.

	Answer: Primavera (accept Allegory of Spring)

BONUSES

1. Identify these installments in the Castlevania series, FTPE:

A. (10) This title for PlayStation features Alucard and his journey to slay Dracula, as well as acquire the equipment Death steals from him at the beginning of the game.

	Answer: Castlevania: Symphony of the Night

B. (10) In this title for PlayStation 2, chronologically the first Castlevania title, Leon Belmont tries to save his fiancée Sara. 

	Answer: Castlevania: Lament of Innocence

C. (10) In this game, the second of three Gameboy Advance titles, the player assumes the role of Juste Belmont who wants to save his love Lydie from Dracula.

	Answer: Castlevania: Harmony of Dissonance

2. Name these Stravinsky ballets, FTPE:

A. (10) In this ballet, the title figure helps Prince Ivan rescue twelve princesses from the evil King Katschei.

	Answer: The Firebird or L’Oiseau de feu

B. (10) In this ballet, a puppet falls in love with a ballerina but dies at the hands of a malicious Moor.

	Answer: Petrushka

C. (10) In this ballet adapted from the music of Pergolesi, the first of Stravinsky’s neoclassical phase, the titular hero from the commedia dell’arte outwits a plot by the husbands of the women he has seduced.

	Answer: Pulcinella

3. When the leaves come falling down…FTPE:

Give the name for the chemical process by which leaves and fruit fall from trees.

Answer: Abscission

Abscission is thought to be caused due to elevated levels of what plant hormone?

	Answer: Auxin

The abscission layer is formed and broken down due to the presence of what gummy substance often used in jellies and jams?

	Answer: Pectin

4. Name these American authors of short stories from clues, FTPE:

Also known for the novel Falconer, this author created the suburb of Shady Hill in stories like “The Sorrows of Gin” and “The Country Husband.”

	Answer: John Cheever

Famous for his use of “menace,” this alcoholic author’s stories include “Fat,” “What We Talk About When We Talk About Love,” and “Cathedral.”

	Answer: Raymond Carver

His stories include "The Last Leaf" and "The Gift of the Magi," and he responded to comments about his native city in the short story collection The Four Million.

	Answer: O. Henry or William Sidney Porter

5. Name these avatars of Vishnu FTPE.

This eighth major avatar of Vishnu was the eighth son of Devaki. He killed his uncle Kamsa as a youth, but is more famous for reciting the Bhagavad Gita in the Mahabharata.

Answer: Krishna

After the demon Hiranyakashipu threatened to kill his son, Prahlad, for following Vishnu, this "man-lion", the fourth major avatar of Vishnu, interfered and killed Hiranyakashipu.

Answer: Narasimha

This tenth major avatar of Vishnu is the only one that has yet to appear.

Answer: Kalki

6. Identify these Anglo-Saxon rulers of England, FTPE:

A. (10) This Mercian king beat Cynewulf at the Battle of Bensington in 779 and introduced silver coinage to England.  He is perhaps most famous for a huge namesake Dyke built to keep out the Welsh.

	Answer: Offa

B. (10) This man ruled from 865 to 871 and fathered the four kings who would successively rule England after him, including Ethelred I and Alfred the Great.  He was deposed by his eldest son, Ethelbald.

	Answer: Ethelwulf

C. (10) Ruling from 1042 to 1066, this was the penultimate Anglo-Saxon king, who took control of England back from the Danes.  Although he was unsuccessful in displacing Harold Harefoot, he ascended to the throne upon the death of his half-brother Harthacanute. 

	Answer: Edward the Confessor (prompt on Edward III)

7. Answer the following about Shakespeare’s influence in opera, FTPE:

A. (10) In addition to his opera Romeo et Juliette¸ this composer wrote Faust and an “Ave Maria” based on the Well-Tempered Clavier

	Answer: Charles Gounod

B. (10) In addition to the opera Falstafff: o sia le Tre Burle, this court composer created Armida and Les Danaides, as well as variations on “La Follia di Spagna.”

	Answer: Antonio Salieri

C. (10) Give the name of Richard Wagner’s second opera, his only foray into the Italian style, based on Measure for Measure.

	Answer: The Ban on Love or Das Liebesverbot

8. Identify the following about the beginning of the Tokugawa shogunate, FTPE:

A. (10) This man was the first Tokugawa shogun, and is considered one of the three great unifiers of Japan.

	Answer: Tokugawa Ieyasu

B. (10) This is the Japanese term for the warring states period which preceded the Tokugawa shogunate.

	Answer: Sengoku Period

C. (10) This decisive September 1600 battle, a victory for Ieyasu, is considered the unofficial beginning of his bakufu.

	Answer: Battle of Sekigahara

9. Name these literary works with something in common from clues, FTPE:

This R. L. Stevenson novel centers around two brothers whose father made them flip a coin to decide which one would back the Stuarts and which the Hanoverians and consequently who gets the title residence. 

	Answer: The Master of Ballantrae

In this short story by Leo Tolstoy an innkeeper named Vasili Andreevich sacrifices himself to save the life of Nikita, one of his laborers.

	Answer: “Master and Man” or “Hozjian i rabotnik”

Set in the St. George’s Park Tea Room, this Athol Fugard play explores the relationship between the two servants, Willie and Sam, and their white boss Hally.  

	Answer: Master Harold and the Boys

10. Identify these reactions from organic chemistry FTPE.

This involves the transformation of a carbonyl group to a methylene group with a zinc amalgam.

Answer: Clemmenson Reduction

This is a condensation of complex esters with an activated methyl group in a basic environment, producing a carbonyl.

Answer: Claisen Condensation

This is a rearrangement of an amide in basic solution involving a halogen to eventually produce an amine.

Answer: Hofmann Rearrangement

11. Name these plays by William Congreve FTPE:

In this play, Fainall and Mirabell compete for the favor of Lady Wishfort and her neice, Millamant.

	ANSWER: The Way of the World

This play, his most famous during his lifetime, is known for the line “Music hath charms to soothe a savage breast.”  In it, Gonsalez mistakenly decapitates Manuel, King of Granada.

	ANSWER: The Mourning Bride

The title character of this play is Heartwell, who pretends to snub women but is secretly in love with Silvia.  Other characters include the capricious Vainlove and a banker named Fondlewife.

	ANSWER: The Old Bachelor

12. Identify these lakes located in the Great Rift Valley, FTPE:

A. (10) A namesake branch of the White Nile flows out of this seventh-largest African lake, located on the border between the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda. 

	Answer: Lake Albert

B. (10) This lake, shared by Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia, contains only one major outflow: the Lukuga River.

	Answer: Lake Tanganyika

C. (10) This lake, located in northwestern Kenya and Ethiopa, is the world’s largest alkaline lake, and contains Africa’s largest population of Nile crocodiles.

	Answer: Lake Turkana or Lake Rudolf

13. Answer these questions about Daniel Webster FTPE.

Webster's January 1830 debate with this person started with a resolution to restrict federal public land sales but turned into a states' rights and nullification battle.

Answer: Robert Young Hayne

The Webster-Ashburton Treaty resolved the dispute named after this steamboat set on fire by Canadian rebels.

Answer: SS Caroline

This author won an O. Henry award for his short story "The Devil and Daniel Webster", in which Webster argues with the Devil to save a farmer's soul.

Answer: Stephen Vincent Benét

14. Identify these figures associated with Gestalt psychology, FTPE:

A. (10) Usually credited with founding Gestalt, this German did research in perception at the Psychological Institute of Frankfurt University, and authored Productive Thinking.

	Answer: Max Wertheimer

B. (10) This colleague of Wertheimer introduced Gestalt to the USA, and authored Growth of the Mind: An Introduction to Child Psychology, as well as Principles of Gestalt Psychology.

	Answer: Kurt Koffka

C. (10) This other colleague of Wertheimer worked on the Antrhopoid Station in the Canary Islands, and authored The Mentality of Apes as well as Gestalt Psychology.

	Answer: Wolfgang Köhler

15. Name these works of Aristotle, FTPE:

A. (10) Containing the claim that man is a political animal, this treatise on moral science was edited by Aristotle’s son.

	Answer: The Nicomachean Ethics (prompt on “Ethics”)

B. (10) In this work, Aristotle tries to define the elusive titular entity, and comes up with three methods of generating ideas: Contiguity, Similarity, and Contrast.

	Answer: De Anima or On the Soul

C. (10) In this work, Aristotle outlines the study of the sky and the earth, and discusses in detail the roles of the four elements.

	Answer: Meteorology

16. Identify these probability distributions, FTPE:

A. (10) In this continuous probability distribution, the mean, median, and mode are equal.  The “standard” type has a mean of zero and standard deviation of one.

	Answer: Normal or Gaussian Distribution

B. (10) This distribution, used in a namesake test to gauge independence between normal variables, has a characteristic function of one minus two i t to the negative k over two.

	Answer: Chi Square Distribution

C. (10) The Gumbel distribution is a special case of this distribution, whose cumulative probability distribution function is e to the negative e times mu minus x over beta.

	Answer: Fisher-Tippet or log-Weibull Distribution

17. Name these classic debut albums of Hip Hop FTPE

Long considered to be the greatest debut in all of hip hop, this 1994 release by Nas includes tracks like “Genesis,” “Life’s a Bitch” and “NY State of Mind”

	Answer: Illmatic

This debut release of Mos Def shocked the hip hop world with intelligent tracks like “Mathematics,” “Brooklyn” and “Fear not of Man.”

	Answer: Black on Both Sides

This Notorious B.I.G. debut was also the debut for producer Sean “Puffy” Combs.  It includes tracks like “Juicy” and “Big Poppa.” 

	Answer: Ready to Die

18. Name these works of Richard Lovelace FTPE:

Lovelace tells the title character of this poem, often presumed to be Lucy Sacheverel, that he “could not love thee, dear so much,/lov’d I not honour more.”  

	Answer: “To Lucasta, on Going to the Wars” (“on” may be omitted)

The titular creature of this poem is described as a “Wise emblem of our politic world” and as “Large Euclid’s strict epitome.”  

	Answer: “The Snail”

According to Lovelace, “Stone walls do not” the title locale of this poem “make, nor iron bars a cage.”

	Answer: “To Althea, from Prison"

19. Answer these questions about Louis Sullivan FTPE:

In 1883 Sullivan became full partners with this German engineer, whose firm he had joined in 1879.  They were partners until this man retired in 1895.

	Answer: Dankmar Adler

Located at 1365 North Astor Street, this house was a collaboration with Frank Lloyd Wright commissioned by a wealthy Chicago lumber dealer.

	Answer: Charnley House

In 1890 Sullivan created this 11-story St. Louis structure that was one of the first skyscrapers with a steel frame.  

	Answer: Wainwright Building

20. 30-20-10 Identify the economic entity from clues

30 – Cournot’s model for this economic entity involves setting a level of quantity, while Bertrand’s involves setting a price.

20 – The ratchet effect, also known as “sticky pricing,” is the reason these entities are able to avoid price wars.

10 – Represented by a kinked demand curve, this market system consists of two or more firms.

Answer: Oligopoly

21. He is known for works like The Woman in the Waves and The Stonebreakers, FTPE:

Name this French realist painter.

	Answer: Gustave Courbet

This painting shows a frontal naked female body from about the knees to just below the chest. That's about all there is to it, but the title seems to indicate a very important role in creation.

	Answer: The Creation of the World

This 1866 painting depicts two nude lesbians on a bed engaged in the title activity.  

	Answer: The Sleepers or Sleep or Le Sommeil

22. Name these battles that occurred in what is now Syria FTPE:

The Orontes river was the site of this circa 1285 BC battle between the Egyptians under Ramses II and the Hittites under Muwatalli.

	Answer: Kadesh or Qadesh

This 1457 battle saw the Egyptians under Thutmose III destroy a Canaanite coalition under the King of Qadesh.  It lends his name to the end of days.

Answer: Meggido

The Mameluks under Qutuz routed Hulagu Khan’s Mongol army at this 1260 battle, capturing and beheading his deputy Kitbuga.  

	Answer: Ain Jalut

23. Name these Philip Roth characters from clues FTPE:

This assistant commissioner of human opportunity for the city of New York spends the entirety of his novel on the psychiatrist’s couch.

	Answer: Alexander Portnoy

This aging classics professor in The Human Stain is fired due to false allegations of racism, but it turns out that he is actually African American.

	Answer: Coleman Silk

This man with a Scandinavian nickname was a celebrated athlete in high school and grows up to inherit his father’s glove factory, but his life falls apart when his daughter Merry becomes a terrorist.

	Answer: Seymour “Swede” Levov (accept either)

24. FTPE, answer the following about a certain DNA sequence.
This is a generic term for a group of genes controlled by an operator and other regulatory elements.
Answer: Operon
The purpose of this repressible operon is to produce enzymes that convert chorismic acid into the namesake amino acid.
Answer: trp operon
In the trp operon, this is the term for the shortening of the mRNA strand produced due to an early end of transcription.
Answer: Attenuation
FTPE, answer these questions about opponents of Franklin Delano Roosevelt:

25. This opponent of FDR formed an alternate plan to the new deal in 1934 called the “Share Our Wealth Plan” that, among other things, limited personal incomes at $8 million.

Answer: Huey Long

This man helped form the National Union of Social Justice and the Christian Front as well as anti-FDR radio talks.

Answer: Charles Coughlin

This Kansas Republican governor lost to FDR in the 1936 elections, only carrying Maine and Vermont.

Answer: Alfred Landon

26. Identify these recently released techno-thriller novels, FTPE:

A. (10) Robert Ludlum collaborated with Patrick Larkin in this most recent novel in the Covert One series, in which Lt. Col. Jon Smith tries to stop eco-terrorists from releasing deadly nanophages.

	Answer: The Lazarus Vendetta

B. (10) Michael Crichton portrays eco-terrorism and weather control in this most recent novel, which disputes popular claims about global warming.

	Answer: State of Fear

C. (10) In this Nelson DeMille novel, the fictional detective John Corey attempts to uncover the real explanation for the crash of TWA Flight 800.

	Answer: Night Fall