1. It protects Tamino, who wishes to marry Pamina. She is being protected from her mother by Sarastro, the high priest of Isis and Osiris. To protect himself against the Queen* of the Night Tamino is accompanied by Papageno, an earthly birdman. Eventually the pair find their soul mates. FTP, name this Mozart opera, set in Egypt, with Masonic overtones. A: The Magic Flute 2. They can be explained thermodynamically by examining the chemical potential - the potential of solvent in a solution is always lower than that of the pure solvent. Examples include osmotic pressure, freezing point depression, and boiling point elevation. For ten points, identify this type of property that depends only on the numbers of solute particles present in a solution and not on their chemical properties. A. Colligative properties 3. It was finally overturned on December 3, 1844, by a vote of 108-80. First established in 1836, the most famous was the 1838 Atherton one. Originally having to be renewed every year,* they became a standing rule of the House in January 1840 as Rule 21. Opposition to them was led by Josiah Giddings and John Quincy Adams. FTP, name these rules which prohibited discussion of slavery in the House of Representatives. A: Gag rules 4. Her early poems include Goodnight, Willie, I'll See You in the Morning, and Horses Make a Landscape More Beautiful. In 1984, she cofounded the Wild Tree Press, which published her In Search or Our Mother's Gardens: Womanist Prose.* After the success of The Third Life of Grange Copeland and Revolutionary Petunias, she turned to a novel about mother's life in Georgia. FTP, name this author of the Color Purple. A: Alice Walker 5. After this, the Sherman Antitrust Act were used against unions, and federal injunctions were used to defeat union activities. Attorney General Richard Olney issued orders opposing the stoppage of mail service* and interstate commerce after a strike was called by the American Railway Union, led by Eugene Debs. FTP, name this 1893 strike directed against a manufacturer of railroad cars. A: Pullman Strike 6. After 1600 it rarely appeared as a written language, though around 1900 there was a revival, And now it is one of the official languages of the Netherlands, used in schools and courts. Today prevalent in offshore* Holland and northeastern Germany, there are three main dialects: North, West, and East. FTP, name this Germanic language, the one closest to English. A: Frisian 7. His films included Return to Reason and the Star of the Sea. An early devotee of Alfred Steiglitz, he met Duchamp in 1915, and between them they formed the New York branch of the* Dada movement. The Delightful Fields, a book of his distinctive photographs, was introduced by Tristan Tzara in 1921. His first major work was "The Gift,"a flatiron with a row of tacks glued to the bottom. FTP, name this Surrealist photographer with an eponymous picture. A: Man Ray 8. In 1954, she graduated from San Jose State with a degree in occupational therapy; she later worked in a Louisville children's hospital. In 1967, she opened the Karisoke Research Center* after a visit to Louis Leakey, who persuaded her to live in Rwanda's Virunga Mountains. In 1985, she was killed by poachers who wanted to shoot mountain gorillas. FTP, name this author of Gorillas in the Mist. A: Dian Fossey 9. On October 8th of last year, he announced that he had completely lost hearing in his left ear, and was almost * completely deaf in his right ear. Born on January 12, 1951, in Cape Girardeau, Missouri, he chose not to become a lawyer, like many of his relatives. Instead he chose to explore his passion for broadcasting and at age 16 worked on the air each afternoon for a Top-40 radio station in his hometown. Eventually in Kansas City, he tired of the disc jockey life and left broadcasting for business, joining the Kansas City Royals baseball team. FTP, name this conservative talkshow host whose recent announcement has come as a shock to many of his dittoheads. ANSWER: Rush Limbaugh 10. Born Doroteo Arango in 1878, he was assassinated at his Chihuahua ranch in 1923, ten years after becoming governor of that province.* Sentenced to death by Huerta, he helped Carranza defeat Huerta, though after the victory he had a falling out with Carranza. To show the fragility of Carranza's power, he attacked US citizens in Nex Mexico in November 1916. FTP, name this Mexican bandit unsuccessfully chased by Pershing. A: Pancho Villa 11. The novel ends with a vision of the dead Ben telling Eugene "You are the world." Eugene gradually becomes estranged from his family while at college at Pulpit Hill, the state college of Catawba;* his siblings never liked him and his parents, Eliza and Oliver, fight constantly. Subtitled The Story of the Buried Life, its sequel is Of Time and the River. FTP, name this first Thomas Wolfe novel, about Eugene Gant, with its title taken from Lycidas. A: Look Homeward, Angel 12. Her Roman name is Tellus; she was described as the giver of dreams and the nourisher of young plants and children. Hesiod says that she was born from Chaos and became the mother of Pontus and* Uranus, whose wife she became. She ended the war between Uranus and the Titans by giving her son Cronos the sickle with which he cut off Uranus' genitals. FTP, name this Greek earth goddess. A: Gaea, also accept Ge 13. During his first Government Great Britain recognized the Soviet Union, and cancelled the debt of the Irish Free State in return for the abrogation of their demands for Ulster. His government fell after less than a year due to the Zinoviev letter.* First elected to Parliament in 1906, he succeeded Kier Hardie as Labour Leader in 1911. FTP, name this first Labor Prime Minister of Great Britain. A: Ramsay MacDonald 14. Educated in Boston and Beirut, he studied art with Rodin in Paris. In Arabic his works include Nymphs of the Valley, A Tear and A Smile, and The Broken Wings; while in English* they include The Madman, the Forerunner, Sand and Foam, and Jesus the Son of Man. FTP, name this Lebanese author of the Prophet. A: Khalil Gibran 15. The primary diagnostic test used to detect its presence is the Wasserman test, which tests for the antigen of * Treponema pallidum. The primary stage involves the appearance of a chancre with swelling of local lymph glands. In the secondary stage, skin eruption occurs, while in the tertiary stage often fifteen to thirty years after initial infection, general paralysis, aortic aneurysm, and insanity may result. For ten points, identify this sexually transmitted disease. A. Syphilis 16. Lorenzo the Magnificent brought him back, ironic because he forced the Medici family from Florence.* From his pulpit at San Marco he attacked the decadence of the Church and urged the foundation of a Christian democracy to purge Italy of the iniquities of the old order. Opposed by both the Arrabbiati and Pope Alexander VI, he was eventually burned at the stake in 1498. FTP, name this friar who started the "bonfire of the vanities." A: Savonarola 17. According to legend the first abbey at this site was built in 166 by missionaries who came from Rome at the request of King Lucius, Britain's first Christian king. Under any circumstances, the Benedectine Abbey of St. Mary was well-established in 1191, when the bones of* King Arthur and Queen Guinivere were supposedly found. FTP, name this English city that Joseph of Arimathea supposedly brought the Holy Grail to. A:Glastonbury 18. Her father won a Supreme Court case in 1938 against restrictive covenants that kept Chicago blacks in the ghetto. After living in Mexico, her play the Sign in Sidney Brustein's Window* was produced in 1964. Married to Robert Nemiroff, he finished her play To Be Young, Gifted, and Black after her 1965 death. FTP, name this author of the play A Raisin in the Sun. a: Lorraine Hansberry 19. Proposed by the Massachusettes General Court, it consisted of 25 delegates from two counties in New Hampshire, one in Vermont, and the states of Massachusettes, Rhode Island,* and Connecticut. The President, George Cabot, wanted seven constitutional amendments and soldiers to defend New England, whose trade had been badly hurt by the war. FTP, name this 1814 Federalist convention that tried to end the War of 1812. A: Hartford Convention 20. His comic novels Keep the Aspidistra Flying and Coming Up for Air made him a darling of the leftist movement; however, they disowned him entirely when* Homage to Catalonia was published. A former Burmese police officer, his Shooting An Elephant did irreparable harm to the British colonial ideal. FTP, name this author of Animal Farm and 1984. A: George Orwell. 1. Name the figure from American history from clues 30-20-10. 30. The President of the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad before the Civil War, he visited the Crimean War to observe European military techniques. 20. Elected governor of New Jersey in 1878, in 1864 he had been the Democratic presidential candidate who lost to Lincoln. 10. After the first battle of Bull Run, he became commander of the Army of the Potomac. Though he won at Antietam, his mistakes in the Peninsular Campaign stopped him from capturing Richmond. A: George B. McClellan 2. Name the British authors of childrens books FTPE. 1. Spending most of his time working for the Bank of Scotland, in 1891 he published The Wind in the Willows. Kenneth Grahame 2. Though he did most of his work as a playwright, he found time to write Winnie-the-Pooh and the House at Pooh Corner. A.A. Milne 3. She created Peter Rabbit, Jeremy Fisher, Jemima Puddle, Miss Moppet, and the Flopsey Bunnies. Beatrix Potter 3. Name FDR's vice-presidents from clues for the stated number of points. 5 pts. A former Missouri senator, he succeeded Roosevelt upon his death on April 12, 1945. Harry Truman. 10 pts. Preceding Truman as VP, he was Agriculture Secretary and the 1948 Presidential candidate of the Progressive Party. Henry Wallace 15 pts. Known as "Cactus Jack" he served as Speaker of the House before becoming FDR's first vice-president. John Nance Garner 4. When given a description of Kevin's favorite Polish writers name them FTPE. 1. Mainly known in the West for Quo Vadis, his trilogy on Polish history in the seventeenth century began with With Fire and Sword. Henryk Sienkiewicz 2. Defecting in 1950, the Vilnius-born poet's works include the Captive Mind, the Seizure of Power, and 2001's ABC's. Czeslaw Milosz 3. Spending virtually her entire life in Krakow, she has written No End of Fun, the People on the Bridge, Cat in an Empty Apartment, and won the 1996 Nobel Prize in Literature. Wislawa Syzmborska 5. Identify these post-WWI treaties for the stated number of points. 5 pts. In 1919, a peace treaty between Germany and the Allies was signed at this French palace. Versailles 10 pts. In 1928, the French foreign minister and an American lawyer signed this pact to outlaw war. Kellogg-Briand Pact 15 pts. This 1929 treaty between the Vatican and Italy recognized full papal sovereignty over Vatican City and gave the Catholic Church significant influence over education. Lateran Treaty 6.For five points per answer, provide both the acid and base color of each of the following pH indicators. A. Methyl violet Yellow, red B. Thymol blue Yellow, blue C. Methyl orange Red, yellow 7. Answer these questions about Amos Alonzo Stagg for the stated number of points. 1. As an end at Yale he was a member of this man's first All-American team. Walter Camp 2. From 1892 to 1933 he was the football coach at this Midwestern school. University of Chicago. 3. In 1890, he was coaching football at the same place this man invented basketball in Springfield, Massachusettes. Naismith 8. Answer these questions about Patrice Lumumba for the stated number of points. 1. In 1960, Lumumba became the first prime minister of this newly independent African country. Democratic Republic of the Congo 2. The Congo had been a colony of what European country? Belgium 3. This army general launched a coup that ousted Lumumba, and stayed in power until 1995. Mobutu Sese Seko 9. Do you still think the Big Bang is what happens when a Marine sees Bin Laden? If so, you'll probably have trouble answering these questions: a. this Russian atomic and nuclear physicist developed the theory that would become the Big Bang theory, although he used the term "cosmic egg" for the origin of the universe, and the louder name was originally pejorative. GAMOW b. this pair, working at Bell Labs, originally thought the fuzz in their radio telescope was experimental error or interference from earthly sources. Actually, the microwave radiation they detected was the best evidence yet for the Big Bang PENZIAS, WILSON (5 pts each) c. the microwave radiation that Penzias and Wilson detected was at what temperature Kelvin (within a degree) 3.2 K (accept 2.2 to 4.2 K, NOT celcius) 10. Given a famous architectural feat, name the architect, FTP each. a. the dome of the Florence Cathedral ANSWER: Filippo Brunelleschi b. the Scala Regia ANSWER: Gianlorenzo Bernini c. Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum ANSWER: Frank Lloyd Wright 11. Answer these questions about the House Republican leadership FTPE. 1. Majority leader since 1995, he announced his retirement, effective at the end of this Congress. Dick Armey 2. This congressman, now majority whip, looks as if he will succeed Dick Armey as majority leader. Tom DeLay 3. Both DeLay and Armey represent what state in Congress? Texas 12. Answer these questions about Bret Harte FTPE. 1. From 1868 to 1871 Harte edited this magazine, which published many western writers. Overland Monthly 2. In this story, a young married couple are caught in a blizzard with a gambler, a drunkard, and two prostitutes, who sacrifice themselves for the couple. The Outcasts of Poker Flat 3. Cherokee Sal, a prostitute in the mining camps, dies after giving birth to a son, who is cared for by the miners. The Luck of Roaring Camp 13. Name these confessional poets from clues FTPE. 1. A 1972 suicide, he wrote The Dream Songs and Homage to Mistress Bradstreet. John Berryman 2. A member of a prominent Boston family, he wrote Life Studies, The Mills of the Kavanaughs, For Lizzie and Harriet, and the Dolphin. Robert Lowell 3. Another suicide, she wrote Live or Die, The Death Notebooks, and the Awful Rowing Towards God. Anne Sexton 14. Identify the following concerning the immune system FTPE. 1. Responsible for humoral or antibody based immunity, they derive their name from the bursa of Fabribus where they were first discovered. B cells 2. Maturing in the thymus, these white blood cells expressing the CD8 antigen are responsible for cell mediated immunity. T cells 3. T lymphocytes only bind antigens presented on these complexes, divided into classes for intra and extracellular peptides. MHC's, or Major Histocompatability Complexes 15. Answer these questions about the Indiana University basketball FTPE. 1. In summer 2000, this man was fired after 29 years as Indiana basketball coach. Bobby Knight 2. He succeeded Bob Knight as coach, leading the Hoosiers to 21 victories. Mike Davis 3. Bob Knight has resurfaced as the coach at this Big 12 school. Texas Tech 16. British admirals. Clues. TPE. 1. A protegee of the naturalist Joseph Banks, he survived a mutiny as govenor of New South Wales, as well as the more famous one on the Bounty. William Bligh 2. A rather scandalous figure because of his romance with Lady Emma Hamilton, he won victories at Copenhagen, the Nile, and Trafalgar. Horatio Nelson 3. Serving twice as First Sea Lord, he oversaw the building of the Dreadnought, the consolidation of the fleet into the North Sea, and the Gallipoli fiasco. John "Jackie" Fisher 17. Answer the following about a Polish king FTPE. 1. This man, king from 1673-1696, led the 1683 campaign to eject the Turks from the gates of Vienna. John III, or John Sobieski, or Jan Sobieski 2. This was the decisive 1683 victory near Vienna won by Jan Sobieski. Kahlenberg 3. The Poles had the peculiar practice of choosing their kings by this method, which led to rampant cheating and bribery. election 18. Identify each of following effects as governed by the sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, the somatic nervous system, or none of the above, TPE. 1. constriction of the pupils. parasympathetic 2. increased blood flow to digestive system parasympathetic 3. increased blood flow to skin sympathetic