The Mark Discordia Singles Tournament
Playoff
Round 6
Question
Set 9: 20 tossups plus tiebreaker
Editing and non-science questions by Matt Weiner
Science by Anthony de Jesus, the Washington University Academic Team,
and Matt Weiner
1. The
youngest-ever art student at the Royal Academy Schools, he spent his later
career illustrating several Anthony Trollope novels and painting popular works
such as Bubbles and The Boyhood of Raleigh. Lorenzo
and Isabella and Ophelia were in the style with which he�s most associated.
FTP, name this husband of John Ruskin�s ex-wife Effie Gray and founder, with
Dante Gabriel Rosetti and William Holman Hunt, of the Pre-Raphaelite
Brotherhood.
ANSWER: John Everett Millais
2. First published in the
collection Spring and All, this eight-line poem alludes to several
concepts from painting. It intentionally breaks compound words across lines in
order to examine constituent parts. The title object is �beside the white
chickens� and �glazed with rain water;� �so much depends upon� it. FTP, name
this poem about a gardening implement, by William Carlos Williams
ANSWER: �The Red
Wheelbarrow�
3. He succeeded Christoph
Gluck as conductor of the Paris Opera, where he debuted with his own work, Les
Dana�des. Other operas include a 1798 Falstaff as well as Tarare,
Palmira, and L'Europa Riconosciuta, the first opera performed at
La Scala.
FTP, name this composer,
who, despite implications to the contrary in a Pushkin poem and a
Rimsky-Korsakov opera, did not poison his rival Mozart.
ANSWER: Antonio Salieri
4. Languages spoken chiefly
on this island include Achinese, Lubu, Minangkabau, and Toba. The westernmost
of the Sunda Islands, cities include Palembang and Padang, and the largest city
is the residence of the sultan of Deli, Medan. It is separated by the Strait of
Malacca from the Malay Peninsula on the northeast and by Sunda Strait from Java
on the southeast. FTP, name this island, the sixth largest island in the world
and largest in Indonesia.
ANSWER: Sumatra
5. For a liquid regarded as an imperfect solid, it is
linearly dependent on temperature. At constant pressure, it is equal to the
slop of the logarithm of viscosity plotted against the inverse of absolute
temperature times the Boltzmann constant. It is found in the exponential when describing
the rate of an elementary chemical reaction. FTP, give the name for this excess
energy over the ground state required for a process such as a chemical reaction
to occur.
ANSWER: activation
energy
6. The phenomenon of weak coupling for hard ones and
strong coupling for soft ones is known as �asymptotic freedom.� There are eight
of these in the theory of QCD and they have the ability to change one color
charge with another. FTP, name these elementary bosons which are theorized to
bind quarks together, carrying the strong nuclear force.
ANSWER: gluons
7. Menetho claims that this
man was killed by a hippopotamus; in any case, his tomb is in the necropolis of
Saqqara. The son of Neithotepe, his major wife, Berenib, was not the mother of
his successor Djer. The founder of Crocodopolis and Memphis, his most important
accomplishment was planned from Thinis, where he made war on the� Lord of the Delta Land. FTP, name this king
who founded the First Dynasty by unifying the crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt.
ANSWER: Menes
[accept Aha]
8. It ends by repeating a
quote from the narrator: "I wanted only to try to live in accord with the
promptings which came from my true self. Why was that so very difficult?"
The third chapter, "Among Thieves",� condemns �the dream of the lost paradise.� The protagonist creates three paintings: one of a bird, another of Beatrice, and a third of the title character�s mother, Frau Eva. FTP, name this bildungsroman about Emil Sinclair by� Herman Hesse.
ANSWER: Demian
9. In 1676, he wrote an
attack on Quakerism, George Fox Digg'd Out of his Burrowes. His The
Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience led John Cotton to
respond with The Bloudy Tenent, Washed and Made White; he fired back
with The Bloody Tenent Yet More Bloody. FTP, name this opponent of the
seizure of Native American land as well as the melding of church and state, who
was banned from Massachusetts in 1635 and went on to found Providence, Rhode
Island
ANSWER: Roger Williams
10. In 1998, researchers proposed that it functions in Brodmann's area of the frontal cortex. Alan Baddeley has argued for its functional as opposed to passive nature. Its capacity is expanded by chunking and repetition; generally, it can hold seven pieces of information. FTP, identify this kind of memory, temporally placed between the sensory buffer store and long term memory.
ANSWER: short term
memory
11. After graduating from
Tamagawa University, he completed an apprenticeship in the Shisen Hanten chain,
which he now runs. His trademarks include a shrimp in chili dish, a chili bean
sauce, and a type of fried rice which takes less than five minutes to prepare.
Although he famously lost to a series of female challengers in the early run of
the show, he remained aboard, becoming the only person to accept challenges on
every season of Iron Chef. FTP, identify this yellow-clad culinary
master, trained in the Szechwan style.
ANSWER: Iron Chef
Chinese [or Chen Kenichi]
12. This
author wrote a parody with a title literally meaning �painted little mouths�
which was translated as Heartbreak Tango. The protagonist of his first novel, Betrayed by Rita Hayworth,
has several of the author�s autobiographical traits, including a reliance on
American films to learn English and an Argentine birth. His most notable work
takes place in a jail cell, where a homosexual and a revolutionary discuss
their respective oppresions. FTP, name this author of Kiss of the Spider
Woman.
ANSWER: Manuel Puig
13. His actions are now celebrated on a September 9 holiday. Segestes warned this man�s opponents of his battle plan, to no avail. At Idisiaviso, he lost a battle to the revenge-minded Germanicus, who never succeeded in killing him or his lieutenant Caecina. The son of Segimer and chief of the Cherusci, his actions led to the suicide of Quintilius Varus. FTP, name this German leader who destroyed three Roman legions at the 9 CE Battle of Teutoburg Forest.
ANSWER: Arminius [accept Herman the
German]
14. When it was first used
in Tripoli, the unfamiliar wording of the Book of Jonah caused riots. It only
included the Old Testament; New Testament additions were made later, and
eventually the Council of Trent declared it the authentic Scripture. Its author
began it while working as secretary to Pope Damasus I in 382. FTP, identify
this first Latin translation of the Bible, named for its language and composed
by St. Jerome.
ANSWER: the vulgate
of St. Jerome [prompt on Latin translation of the Bible; prompt
on St. Jerome�s Bible before Jerome is mentioned]
15. Unlike other plant cells, this tissue�s cells have
secondary cell walls in addition to the primary cell wall. However, there are
pits where the secondary cell walls are absent.� Most of these cells are dead at maturity, containing only the
materials being transported.� They come
in two general subclasses, tracheids and vessel members. FTP, identify this
class of plant vascular tissue which carries material upward.
ANSWER: xylem
16. Synesius was the last important member of this group, which had its second revival under Emperor Julian. Its first rennaissance involved Philostratus the Elder and Herodes Atticus. Compared to cosmeticians and cooks by Socrates and Plato, members of this group�s original incarnation included Hippias of Elis, Prodicus of Ceo, Gorgias, and Protagoras. FTP, name this group of Greek quasi-philosophers which taught argument for a fee.
ANSWER: Sophists
[or Sophism; or Sophistry]
17. The speech in which it
was introduced declared that �There must be no effort made to remove the mote
from our brother�s eye if we refuse to remove the beam from our own.� Touching
on the Kishenef massacre, oppression of Armenians, and �intolerable conditions
in Cuba,� the President attempted to prepare for the consequences of the
Dominican Republic�s bankruptcy by asserting the right of the United States to
intervene in the Western Hemisphere. FTP, identify this 1904 addendum to the
Monroe Doctrine.
ANSWER: Roosevelt
Corollary
18. Using small angles of incidence can reduce this
phenomenon, which occurs because the refraction length, and thus the focal
length, vary with wavelength in optical instruments using lenses. Newton
invented the reflecting telescope because he wrongly though that this was an
inherent property of refracting telescopes. FTP, name this type of distortion,
in which fuzzy images are formed, displaying unnatural colors.
ANSWER: chromatic aberration
19. Diagoras the Atheist of Melos was sentenced to death for mocking them, and Emperor Julian participated in them. Led by a hierophant, their participants were often students of the Zagreus cult or Orphism, and they were outwardly dedicated to Persephone and Demeter. FTP, identify these extremely secret rituals, which included a cleansing in the sea and various addresses, sacrifices, and re-enactments.
ANSWER: Eleusinian
Mysteries
20. It adapted
Jeann-Baptiste Cl�ment�s �Cherry-Blossom Time� as its anthem, and its
legislation including a directive requiring pawnshop owners to return craft
tools. Its reign began with the killings of Claude Martin Lecomte and Jacques
Leonard Clement Thomas. It was soon ended in �Bloody Week� by future president
MacMahon. FTP, identify this anarchistic group which controlled a major city
for a brief period after the Franco-Prussian War.
ANSWER: Paris Commune
[accept Commune of Paris or other equivalents]