UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON 1999 ELVIS AARON PRESLEY MEMORIAL (?) INVITATIONAL TOURNAMENT TOSS-UP QUESTIONS 1. (History Pre- 500 AD) This Greek was the author of the Hellenica, in which he extended Thucydides' (thoo-SID-did-EES) history up to 362 BCE; he also wrote an Apology on the death of Socrates. He is better known as a military leader, who was involved with mercenary Athenian Greeks in an army under Cyrus the Younger at the Battle of Cunaxa. For 10 points, name this native Athenian, who described leading those Greek mercenaries the Ten Thousand back home through hostile territory in his great work, the Anabasis (ah-nuh-BAH-sis). ANSWER: _Xenophon_ (ZEH-no-fon) 2. (Literature Poetry) Upon entering the Jesuit novitiate (no-VISH-ee-ATE) in 1868, he burned his youthful verse, vowing "to write no more, as not belonging to my profession." Encouraged by his superior in Wales, he eventually wrote "Carrion Comfort," the first of his so-called "terrible sonnets." Most of his works were published posthumously by his friend Robert Bridges, including "Pied Beauty," "God's Grandeur" and "The Windhover," For 10 points, name this poet, whose most famous work may be "The Wreck of the Deutschland." ANSWER: Gerard Manley _Hopkins_ 3. (Fine Arts Painting) His work is best seen in the museum in Haarlem named for him. Often commissioned for "corporation pictures" such as "Banquet of the Officers of the St. George Militia", he received a pension from the town of Haarlem which allowed him to paint two masterpieces: "The Governor of the Almshouse" and "Lady Regents of the Almshouse." For 10 points, name this 17th Century Dutchman, best known for "Archers of St. George," "The Merry Drinker" and "The Laughing Cavalier." ANSWER: Frans _Hals_ (HALLS) 4. (Science Chemistry/Medicine) Their parent compound, para-amino-benzoic acid, was synthesized in 1908, but it was 1932 before German chemist Gerhard Domagk (DOE-mach) discovered the synthetic dye Protonsil had antagonistic properties against a wide range of bacteria, leading to this class of compounds, whose discovery promoted the antagonist theory of drug interaction. For 10 points, name this class, still used to fight urinary tract infections and leprosy, which inhibit the creation of para-amino-benzoic acid and thus block the ability of bacteria to synthesize folic acid. ANSWER: _sulfa_ drugs 5. (Religion) Its name derives from the rabbinical term for Jews who maintain the highest standard of religious observance and moral action. Its groups gather around a "zaddik," who serves as an intermediary to God, and it stresses purity of heart as more pleasing to God than learning. It was thus declared heretical by Talmudists in 1772. For 10 points, name this Jewish religious branch, founded by Baal-shem-tov in 18th Century Poland, popularized outside Jewish circles by the Yiddish writer I.L. Peretz and the theologian Martin Buber (BOO-bur). ANSWER: _Hasidism_ or _Hasidic_ or _Chasidism_ 6. (General Knowledge Multi-Disciplinary for Social Science, History, Literature) Knighted in 1931, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1933. He had worked for a generous peace after World War I, then attacked the British Conservative Party for tolerating aggression in Italy and Japan in his 1938 work "Peace with the Dictators?" For 10 points, name this author and statesman, who argued that common national economic interest make war futile in his famous book "The Great Illusion." ANSWER: Sir Ralph Norman _Angell_ Lane 7. (Literature non-Western) A Belgian priest, a witch and her son, Ferdinand, and a white intellectual named Raymond (along with his elegant wife, Yvette) all inhabit the small town with Salim, a store merchant. When the country is taken over by a demagogue called The Big Man, Salim loses his store to Citizen Theotine, and cracks appear in the veneer of civilization. For 10 points, name this short story by V.S. Naipul (NAY-pool), which supposedly takes place along a crooked stretch of the Congo. ANSWER: "A _Bend in the River_" 8. (Geography) It also includes Bruny, the Hunter Islands, the Furneaux (fur-NO) Group, King Island and Macquarie (muh-KWER-ee) Island. The only city besides the capital with a population over 50,000 is Launceston, and Great Lake is its largest lake. For 10 points, name this former area of New South Wales, an independent colony of Australia since 1854 with its capital at Hobart. ANSWER: _Tasmania_ 9. (History) Her father was a Swiss banker who attempted to save the French monarchy from financial collapse before the revolution. Finding her to be especially irritant, Napoleon drove her to exile in 1803. For 10 points, name this writer who established herself with the works "On Literature" and "Germany". ANSWER: Madame _De Stael_ (de-STAHEL) 10. (Philosophy) His philosophy saw will, rather than mind, as the fundamental principle of existence. A successor of Kant in the idealist school, he was a well-known opponent of the dialectic and Hegel in Berlin. For 10 points, name this German philosopher, the author of "The World as Will and Idea" ANSWER: Arthur _Schopenhauer_ (show-pen-HOUR) 11. (History Non-Western) He shares the byname Pandit (meaning "Pundit" or "Teacher" in Hindi) with his siblings, and one of his sisters, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit (vee-JYE-yah LOCK-shmee pandit), was the first woman president of the UN General Assembly. An advocate of non-violence and neutrality in foreign affairs, he used much force internally as prime minister, particularly in seizing Goa from the Portuguese. For 10 points, name this man, father of an Indian prime minister and the first one himself. ANSWER: Jawaharlal _Nehru_ 12. (Earth Science) Pophyry (poe-FEAR-ee), pumice (PUH-miss), feldspar, basalt (BAH-salt), obsidian (ob-SIHD-dee-uhn) and granite are all formed from the solidification of molten matter from the earth's interior. They are thus, for 10 points, which of the three major types of rock, formed from the crystallization of magma? ANSWER: _igneous_ 13. (Literature Drama/Ancient) Aristotle modeled his Poetics after this Greek playwright, who is considered one of the great masters of the tragedy form. Of this author's plays, only seven have survived intact to the present day. For 10 points, name this author, whose works include Ajax, Antigone (an-TIG- oh-nee), and Oedipus Rex. ANSWER: _Sophocles_ 14. (History) Born in 1849 in Kustrin, Brandenburg, this German admiral was responsible for transforming the German navy from a coastal defense force into a navy that could rival Britain's. For 10 points, name this admiral who is considered the administrative father of the modern German navy and who would eventually have the Bismarck's sister ship named after him. ANSWER: Alfred von _Tirpitz_ 15. (Fine Arts Classical Music) His piano works include the Abegg Variations, Carnival, Kreisleriana (KREE-sler-ee-AH-na), and Scenes of Childhood. He eventually became mentally unstable and threw himself into the Rhine River in 1854 but survived to die in a mental asylum in 1856. For 10 points, name this German who also composed the Spring and Rhenish Symphonies. ANSWER: Robert _Schumann_ 16. (Chemistry) This famous chemist is the only person ever to hold a patent on a chemical element, those being americium and curium. He chaired the Atomic Energy Commission from 1961 to 1971, and is the only living person who has his name in any way attached to an element (atomic number 106 ). For 10 points, name this 1951 Nobel Prize winner for chemistry, best known for discovering the trans-uranium elements. ANSWER: Dr. Glenn Theodore _Seaborg_ 17. (Fine Art Sculpture) From his store, "The Store", in New York, this sculptor sold food and other items reproduced in plaster, which would eventually lead to Pop Art. He used diverse objects, such as ice cubes and cars, to portray a theme or idea. He would abandon "hard" sculpture for "soft" stuffed representations in which a sculpture was interpreted through vinyl, canvas, and other textured materials. For 10 points, name this sculptor, who was one of the initiators of the Happening movement of the 1960's. ANSWER: Claes _Oldenburg_ 18. (Physics) When a magnetic field from an external source is applied to this device, which consists of two superconducting copper loops kept at low temperatures, the wavelength of one copper loop is increased while the other decreases. This quantum mechanical phenomenon allows physicists to measure even extremely small changes in the magnetic field. For 10 points, name these devices which measure these small fluctuations now primarily used to study neuron activity in the brain as well as help in the search for gravity waves. ANSWER: _squid_s or _superconducting quantum interference device_s 19. (Literature) Born in North Carolina, he later moved to Texas where he worked for a bank and then as a newspaper editor. After being charged with embezzlement, he fled the country only to return to spend three years in a Ohio prison. He moved to New York after his 1902 release where he died of alcoholism. For 10 points, name this short story writer who delighted readers with his trick endings and whose most famous work is "The Gift of the Magi". ANSWER: _O. Henry_, or William Sydney _Porter_ 20. (General Knowledge) Developed in the 1960's by several computer manufacturers and the Department of Defense, the attempt to save space on punchcards written in this language helped to give rise to the Y2K, or millennium, bug. For 10 points, name this language, most commonly used in private enterprise and government administrations. ANSWER: _Common Business-Oriented Language_ or _COBOL_ 21. (social science archaeology) The name of this city was derived from the French perversion of the name of a Native American tribe living in the area hundreds of years later. At its peak, between 1050-1250 AD, its population was thought to have been as high as 35,000 and was centered around an immense "downtown" area featuring the famous Monks Mound complex. For 10 points, name this place, the largest prehistoric city north of Mexico, located near what is now suburban St. Louis. ANSWER: _cahokia_ (ka-HO-key-ah) 22. (Pop Culture) Born and raised in Boston, she often watched her prominent lawyer-father work in the courtroom. She had no interest in law, but she entered Harvard law school to pursue her childhood love, Billy Thomas. She ended-up finishing and eventually joined a firm with Billy and a greedy, former classmate named Richard Fish. For 10 points, name this spunky TV lawyer played by Calista Flockhart. ANSWER _Ally McBeal_ (prompt on _McBeal_) 23. (Current Events) The chemical name of this drug is Sildenafil Citrate (SIH-trate). Originally researched to treat angina (an-JINE-uh) pectoris, its early tests revealed that it actually increased blood flow to an area other than the heart. For 10 points, name this "wonder drug" endorsed by Bob Dole to treat impotence (sexual, not political). ANSWER: _Viagra_ 24. (Current Events) A Cambridge, Ohio native, he received a BS in engineering at Muskingum College, where he was the backup center on the football team. As a marine aviator, he flew over 150 missions in WW2 and Korea. He has also been an executive with RC Cola and a four-term US senator. For 10 Points, name this Mercury Seven astronaut who returned to space this year on the shuttle Discovery. ANSWER John _Glenn_ 25. (General Knowledge) Some of the characters appearing in this musical include J.P. Morgan, Henry Ford, Booker T. Washington and Harry Houdini, in addition to foreign immigrants, the blacks of Harlem, and the "middle-class" of New Rochelle. The lead character is Coalhouse Walker Jr.. a man so inspired by the music of Scott Joplin, he took up music. FTP, name this Tony-award-winning musical, based on a novel by E.L. Doctorow, whose name has derived the music of the music of Walker, and Joplin. ANSWER: _Ragtime_ 26. (Sports) Frustrated by the standoff in the recently ended NBA lockout, this L.A. Clippers center picked up his ball and left to play in Europe last December. For 10 points, name this center, the first pick in the 1998 NBA draft out of the University of the Pacific. ANSWER: Michael _Olowakandi_ 27. (Geography almost) If only Harold Hill could see it now. This home of Glenn Robinson and the Jackson Five was named in 1998 the most dangerous city to live in America. For 10 points, name this Indiana steel city on Lake Michigan, just across the state line from Chicago. ANSWER: _Gary_ 28. Current Events/Recent History) Either of two answers is acceptable. Though chairman of the Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee from 1966-68, he was considered very militant, and moved on to the Black Panthers for a year before breaking with them over the issue of alliance with militant whites. He moved to Guinea in 1969 and became a great force for Pan-Africanism. For 10 points, name this originator of the slogan "Black Power," who did not live to see a united socialist Africa, dying of prostate cancer on November 16, 1998. ANSWER: Stokely _Carmichael_ or Kwame _Ture_ (TOO-ray)