1999 Chicago Open
Round #7

1. In the sixty-third and final poem in the collection, the speaker "hoed and trenched and weeded" but finds that his effort was not worthwhile.  The first poem is entitled "1887" and marks Queen Victoria's golden jubilee, and is followed by "Loveliest of trees, the cherry now."  FTP, identify this volume, which also includes "When I was one-and-twenty," "Terence, this is stupid stuff," and "To an Athlete Dying Young," written by A. E. Housman.
	Answer: A Shropshire Lad

2. He was working on molecules containing carboxyl and amine groups in hopes of making them condense into ring structures, but they were forming long-chain molecules instead.  Using adipic acid and hexamethylene diamine, under low pressure to keep the water produced from forming an inhibiting hydrolysis reaction, he managed in 1935 to create fibers.  FTP, name this American chemist, who was working for Du Pont when he manufactured the first synthetic fiber, nylon, and who is John Edwards's favorite scientist.
	Answer: Wallace Hume Carothers

3. It began after the child emperor Antoku was killed at the battle of Dan no Ura.  During the period, Eisai made Rinzai Zen popular among the warrior class, Nichiren founded the Lotus Sect, and Shinran Shonin founded the True Pure Land Sect, which would become the most popular form of Japanese Buddhism.  FTP, identify this period of Japanese history, which ended with the restoration of Daigo and the fall of the Hojo, a period which saw two attempted Mongol invasions and which lasted from 1185 to 1353.
	Answer: the Kamakura period

4. The last sentence of the book, which asks if Eros will prevail in the struggle with death, was added to the second edition of 1931 after Hitler's victories in the previous year's elections.  It begins with a letter from Romain Rolland, who claims that religious faith is associated with an "oceanic feeling" which the author associates with nostalgia for the womb.  FTP, identify this essay, which argues that instinctual demands must be repressed in order to live in society, a work of Sigmund Freud.
	Answer: Civilization and Its Discontents or Das Unbehagen in der Kultur

5. The man it is now named after sailed into it on the Jane in 1823 and named it after George IV, a name it bore until 1900.  Bounded on the south by barriers of the Filchner and Ronne ice shelves, on the east by Coats Land, and on the west by the Antarctic Peninsula, it was here that the Endurance was trapped in ice and crushed off Luitpold Coast in 1915, though Shackleton's crew managed to escape death.  FTP, identify this body of water, whose coast is home to Halley Bay, General Belgrano, and Ellsworth base, the southernmost portion of the Atlantic Ocean.
	Answer: the Weddell Sea

6. After being given 20,000 dirhams for his major work, he felt so insulted that he went to the baths and then gave the money to an attendant.  This enraged Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna, who had given him the money for a literary achievement, and he was forced to flee to his native village of Tus.  FTP, identify this poet, born Abdul Qasim Mansur, best known for a work of 60,000 verses which was adapted from a history of Persia up to the reign of Chosroes II, the Book of Kings or Shah-Nama.
	Answer: Firdawsi (accept Abdul Qasim Mansur before it is mentioned)

7. It depicts an event of 1323 which was allegedly visited by Saints Stephen and Augustine.  Mary and Saint John the Baptist sit beneath Jesus in the upper half of the painting, while the appearance of the saints is taken calmly by the priest on the right reading the service and the numerous black robed men standing in attendance.  FTP, identify this 1586 painting, a portrayal of an interment painted by El Greco.
	Answer: The Burial of Count Orgaz or Burial of the Conde de Orgaz or reasonable equivalents including the words Burial and Orgaz

8. For a quantum mechanical one, the ground state energy is given by half the product of Planck's constant and the resonant angular frequency.  In the classical case its resonant frequency is given by either the inverse square root of the product of the inductance and capacitance of an RLC circuit or the square root of the spring constant divided by the mass of the object.  FTP, name this fundamental physical system, an example of which is a simple pendulum.
	Answer: simple harmonic oscillator

9. After two years of Yale, he dropped out and moved to New Orleans, where he became a successful lawyer and collaborated with Thomas Slidell on a digest of Louisiana Supreme Court decisions.  Elected to the senate as a Whig in 1852, he would be reelected as a Democrat before secession, when he was appointed attorney general of the Confederacy.  FTP, name this Southern politician, who died in Paris after working as a Queen's Counsel in England, best known as Jefferson Davis's secretary of state and as the only Jew in the Confederate cabinet.
	Answer: Judah P. Benjamin

10. After she fell asleep while her husband was lecturing her, he threw her out and told her to live with the fishermen on earth, where she took on the form of a young girl.  When the bull Nandi took the shape of a shark and began destroying the fishing nets, her adopted father announced that whoever captured the shark would get to marry her, whereupon her former husband called the shark to him and got her back.  FTP, identify this goddess, also known as Girija and Adrija, whose name means "mountain-born," and who was the wife of Shiva.
	Answer: Parvati

11. Its first great defeat came at the hands of Prince Dimitri Donskoi, who won the battle of Kulikovo in 1380.  Its name came from a Russian term that described the tent of its first leader, who exercised power from his camp at Serai.  FTP, identify this army, which converted to Islam under Berke, the brother and successor of its first chief, Batu Khan, a Mongol empire which ruled most of Russia and Western Asia during the 13th and 14th centuries.
	Answer: the Golden Horde

12. Although none of the models for the equation of state for these objects is wholly satisfying, the most widely used are the Harrison-Wheeler model and the cold NPE ideal gas model in which the ratio of uncharged to charged nucleons approaches eight as the density of these objects diverges.  What is agreed upon, however, is that the decay of the main constituent of these objects is prevented by their enormous Fermi energy and that the most probable mechanism for their creation is as the remnant of a Type II supernova.  FTP, identify these ultra-dense objects, more massive than the sun with a radius of only 10 kilometers.
	Answer: neutron stars

13. The title refers to a lost film by Eisenstein which Miles Lightman takes Klara to see in Part 4, Cocksucker Blues.  The novel's protagonist had an affair with Klara when he was a teenager, and the novel follows him backward in time from his job as a waste analyst to his accidental shooting of George the Waiter.  FTP, identify this work of fiction, which tells the story of Nick Shay and follows the trail of Bobby Thomson's Shot Heard Round the World, the most recent novel by Don DeLillo.
	Answer: Underworld 

14. On the first day, Baron Siever's Tenth Army was caught by surprise during a heavy snowstorm and forced to retreat.  The next day, the German Tenth Army under von Eichhorn led the attack, and it was only the resistance of the Russian twentieth corps in the forest of Augustow that allowed the rest of the army to escape, albeit with a loss of 200,000 men.  FTP, identify this battle of World War I, which had minor strategic significance, but which demonstrated the tactical abilities of Hindenberg and Ludendorff, fought in February 1915.
	Answer: Masurian Lakes or the Winter Battle of Masuria

15. Although he formed a band, the Phillips County Ramblers, as a teenager in Helena, Arkansas, he wanted to be a baseball player, and was offered a contract by the Phillies before being drafted by the Army.  In 1958, "It's Only Make Believe" became his first hit, while in 1990 "Crazy In Love" hit number one, his fifty-fifth record to do so.  FTP, identify this music legend, who will be inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame this September, and who in 1982 established a tourist complex in Hendersonville, Tennessee, a city named for him.
	Answer: Conway Twitty

16. He enjoyed sucking on his nurse's breasts until he was eight years old, when one of his classmates told him he was a "perverted imp" and he stopped.  After studying philosophy under Ammonius in Alexandria, he joined an expedition against the Persians led by the emperor Gordian in order to learn more about Eastern religion.  FTP, identify this man, whose biography was written by Porphyry, and whose Enneads are the main exposition of Neoplatonism.
	Answer: Plotinus

17. One form of it in women results from oversecretion from the pituitary eosinophils and is known as Ahumada-del Castillo syndrome if the woman has never been pregnant.  Following a pregnancy, it is called the Chiari-Frommel syndrome, and if it is the sole manifestation of a pituatary tumor, it is an Albright syndrome.  FTP, identify this endocrine disorder, associated with intracranial tumors, that can affect both sexes, is generally treated with estrogen-progesterone combinations, and is noted for the secretion of a fluid resembling milk from the breasts.
	Answer: galactorrhea

18. The first of the titular things is seen by the Logician, the Grocer's Wife, and Jean as the protagonist eats lunch at the café on a Sunday afternoon.  After Daisy argues with the protagonist about whether they are singing or roaring, she goes down and leaves Bérenger staring in the mirror.  FTP, identify this three-act play, which was first produced in 1959, in which townspeople metamorphose into the title animal, a play by Eugène Ionesco.
	Answer: Rhinoceros

19. After settlers of this region met at Champoeg to adopt a constitution, a convention in Cincinnati passed a resolution in favor of keeping the boundary at the 1824 treaty line.  A Senate bill introduced by Lewis Linn had provided incentives to male immigrants, and negotiations between Louis McLane and Lord Aberdeen led to a treaty that was ratified in 1846.  FTP, identify this territory, whose northern boundary was fixed at 49 degrees instead of 54˚40' after Polk settled with the British.
	Answer: the Oregon territory

20. He wrote his only symphony at the age of 66, composed his Violin Sonata when he was 63, and finished his String Quartet in 1889, the year he died.  After entering the Paris Conservatory, he was awarded a special prize for playing a fugue a third lower than printed by sight, and his first major work, the oratorio Ruth, premiered there in 1846.  FTP, name this composer, whose trained a generation of French composers as professor of organ at the conservatory, a Belgian who is best known for his Symphonic Variations for Piano and Orchestra.
	Answer: César Franck

Boni for Round 7:

1. Answer these questions about plant growth, FTP each.
1.  These are regions of continuing cell division in plants, in which growth can occur.
	Answer: meristems
2.  The vascular type of this tissue produces cells that form new wood and bark, while the cork type forms in the bark and protects plants from microorganisms.
	Answer: cambium
3.  This waxy substance found in the cell walls of the bark produced by cork cambium prevents plants from drying out.
	Answer: suberin

2. Answer these questions about the War of the Bavarian Succession, FTP each.
1.  There can't be a question about battles fought during the war, since none were.  Instead, name the treaty of May 1779 which ended the war, abrogating the Treaty of Vienna.
	Answer: the Treaty of Teschen
2.  The war began, in a way, when Maximilian Joseph died and this elector of the Palatine, the legal heir to Bavaria as head of the house of Wittelsbach, attempted to claim part of Bavaria for Austria.
	Answer: Charles Theodore
3.  This Hapsburg emperor, who succeeded Maria Theresa, convinced Charles Theodore to try to get Bavaria and supported him with Austrian troops.
	Answer: Joseph II

3. Identify these works of Ralph Vaughn Williams FTP each.
1.  Inspired by the poetry of Walt Whitman, Vaughn Williams began this choral work in 1903, though it wasn't finished for six years.
	Answer: A Sea Symphony
2.  Vaughn Williams wrote this masque in 1930, based on Blake's illustrations of a book of the Old Testament.
	Answer: Job
3.  This 1910 work is written for string quartet and double orchestra and evokes a British composer of the sixteenth century.
	Answer: Fantasia on a Theme of Thomas Tallis

4. Identify these members of the Scriblerus Club on a 10-5 basis.
1.  (10 points) His early works include Wine, a blank-verse poem written to celebrate the union of Scotland and England, and The Fan, an imitation of The Rape of the Lock.
(5 points) He is best known for The Beggar's Opera.
	Answer: John Gay
2.  (10 points) He only published one poem, "Know Thyself," which appeared the year before his death in 1735, and his "A Sermon Preached to the People at Mercat Cross, Edinburgh" supported the union of Scotland and England.
(5 points) This physician to Queen Anne is best remembered for his The History of John Bull, which originated the figure.
	Answer: John Arbuthnot
3.  (10 points) His first literary work was a novel, Incognita, and he died in 1729 of complications from a fall he suffered when his carriage flipped over in Bath.
(5 points) He is better known for such plays as The Mourning Bride and The Way of the World.
	Answer: William Congreve

5. Answer these questions about two brothers from Thessalonica, FTP each.
1.  In 861, Emperor Michael III sent them to convert the Khazars.  Two years later, Photius sent them to Moravia to teach the people Christianity in the vernacular tongue.  Name these two "apostles to the Slavs," for five points each.
	Answer: Cyril and Methodius
2.  Cyril and Methodius invented this alphabet, the precursor to Cyrillic.
	Answer: glagolithic
3.  Pope Paul II named Cyril and Methodius patrons of Europe, along with this other saint, who died in Monte Cassino around 547.
	Answer: Benedict 

6. Given a brief description, name these terms from thermodynamics for the stated number of points.
1.  (5 points) This quantity is defined as the integral of pressure over volume.
	Answer: work
2.  (10 points) This principle states that the maximum efficiency of a system is limited by the ratio of the temperatures in the system.
	Answer: Second Law of Thermodynamics
3.  (15 points) For this type of process, the product of the pressure and the volume raised to the k power is constant.  k is the ratio of the constant pressure and constant volume specific heats.
	Answer: isentropic

7. Identify these acts passed under the administration of John Adams, FTP each.
1.  Only 10 people, all of them associated with Republican causes, were convicted under this act passed on July 14, 1798.
	Answer: Sedition Act
2.  This act, which still is on the books, was named for a Quaker who went to France, and made it a high misdemeanor for any American citizen to correspond with a foreign government on an issue in which the United States was engaged.
	Answer: the Logan Act
3.  The first of the Alien and Sedition Acts to be passed, it changed the period of residence required for full citizenship from 5 to 14 years.
	Answer: the Naturalization Act

8. Identify these twentieth century world champions of chess, for the stated number of points.
1.  (5 points) This Cuban won the title from Lasker in 1921 and held it for the next six years.
	Answer: Jose Capablanca
2.  (10 points) This Frenchman lost his title to Max Euwe in 1935, but won it back two years later and held onto it until after World War II.
	Answer: Alexander Alekhine
3.  (15 points) The first in a unbroken run of Soviet champions which ended in Boris Spassky, he won the title in 1948, lost to Smyslov in 1957, then won it back in 1958 before losing to Tal, and won it yet again in 1961 before losing to Petrosian.
	Answer: Mikhail Botvinnik

9. Answer these questions about a German romantic, FTP each.
1.  His real name was Friedrich Leopold von Hardenberg, and this member of the Jena circle may be best known for his Hymns to the Night.
	Answer: Novalis
2.  Novalis wrote an unfinished novel about this minnesinger, which describes his growth from a naive young man into a poet.
	Answer: Heinrich von Ofterdingen
3.  Novalis is the subject of this recent novel by Penelope Fitzgerald, which takes as its title a botanical symbol that Novalis introduced in Heinrich von Ofterdingen.
	Answer: The Blue Flower

10. Answer these questions about the British colonization of New Zealand FTP each.
1.  By this treaty of February 1840, the natives surrendered their sovereignty to Great Britain.
	Answer: the Treaty of Waitangi
2.  Three months after Waitangi, this British captain, who had negotiated the treaty, established the capital at Auckland and served as governor there.
	Answer: William Hobson
3.  Fought between 1860 and 1870, it featured the native Hau-Hau movement.  In the middle of the conflict, the capital moved from Auckland to Wellington.
	Answer: the Second Maori War

11. Identify these nineteenth-century scientists on a 10-5 basis.
1.  (10 points) He invented the spinthariscope, which showed that alpha rays cause luminescence, and developed the radiometer, which supported the kinetic theory of gases. .
(5 points) This English physicist is known for his discovery of thallium and for his tube, which contains cathode rays.
	Answer: Sir William Crookes
2.  (10 points) He translated Goethe into his native language, and the poet used his influence to get this man a job at the University of Breslau in 1823, where he taught the first collegiate courses in microscopy.
(5 points) This Czech's effect states that dim light seems bluer than it really is, and his fibers are in the heart.
	Answer: Jan Evangelista Purkinje
3.  (10 points) In the 1820's, he discovered calcium carbide, found methods for isolating metallic beryllium and aluminum, and nearly discovered vanadium.
(5 points) This German chemist is better known for an 1828 experiment in which he produced urea from inorganic compounds.
	Answer: Friedrich Wöhler

12. Answer these questions about an English novel, FTP each.
1.  The title character of this novel is a ward of Mrs. Reed of Gateshead Hall.  After she fights with one of her cousins, Mrs. Reed locks her up in the room where Mr. Reed had died, leading to a serious illness.
	Answer: Jane Eyre
2.  After Mrs. Reed gets fed up with Jane Eyre, she sends the orphaned girl to this school, where Jane is befriended by the headmistress, Miss Temple.
	Answer: Lowood School
3.  Jane leaves Mr. Rochester after discovering that he was married, and goes to live with this clergyman and his sisters.  She later discovers that this reverend is her cousin, but she refuses to marry him and accompany him to India.
	Answer: Reverend St. John Rivers

13. Identify these major figures from neoclassical economics, FTP each.
1.  This Frenchman is considered to have founded the general equilibrium school with his publication of Elements of Pure Economics in 1874.
	Answer: Léon Walras
2.  When this author of Principles of Economics was appointed to the chair of political economy at Cambridge in 1885, it marked the beginning of the Cambridge school.
	Answer: Alfred Marshall
3.  This Austrian also wrote a Principles of Economics, but his came out 19 years before Marshall's.  A professor at the University of Vienna, he stressed the importance of economizing action in influencing market institutions.
	Answer: Carl Menger

14. Answer the following about principles in quantum mechanics, FTP each.
1. This principle leads to the development of Fermi energies for degenerate systems due to the fact that no two fermions can occupy the same quantum mechanical state.
	Answer: Pauli exclusion principle
2. The Heisenbergy Uncertainty Principle results from the fact that this operator is gives a non-zero result when applied to the position and momentum operators.
	Answer: commutation operator (also accept commutator)
3. This principle, proposed by Einstein and forming the central argument in the EPR paradox, holds that, in reality, the state of two systems which are spatially separated from each other should be independent.  This has since been refuted by Bell's inequality.
	 Answer: the principle of locality  (accept equivalents)

15. Answer these questions concerning a period in American civil rights history, for the stated number of points.
1.  (5 points) The first of them occurred on May 4, 1961, when an interracial group traveled in two buses from Washington to New Orleans, and ended ten days later when they were attacked by a mob near Anniston, Alabama.
	Answer: Freedom Rides
2.  (10 points) The Freedom Rides were organized by this group.
	Answer: the Congress of Racial Equality or CORE
3.  (15 points) The Freedom Rides were designed to test this Supreme Court decision of 1960, which disallowed racial segregation in public areas that catered to interstate travelers.
	Answer: Boynton v. Virginia

16. Answer these questions about the geography of the Korean peninsula FTP each.
1.  This river, also known as the Amnok-kang, empties into the Bay of Korea and separates North Korea from China.
	Answer: the Yalu river
2.  This sea lies between the Korean peninsula and the Shantung region of China to the west.
	Answer: the Yellow Sea
3.  The island of Tsushima, in the Korea Strait, is separated from the southeastern portion of the Korean peninsula by this channel.
	Answer: the Western Channel

17. Identify these characters from Don Quixote, FTP each.
1.  A CBI question once asked for the name of Don Quixote's horse and gave "Don Quixote's horse" as an acceptable alternative answer.  What is the horse's actual name?
	Answer: Rosinante
2.  This student swears to get revenge on the don after he is unhorsed in his disguise of the Knight of the Wood.  At the end of the novel, he disguises himself again as the Knight of the White Moon and orders the don to go home.
	Answer: Samson Carrasco
3.  The don sets off on his quest after the priest and barber of his village burn all his romances.  Name either of them for the final ten points.
	Answers: Pedro Perez or Master Nicholas

18. Answer the following questions about Hypermnestra FTP each.
1.  Hypermnestra was one of the fifty daughters of this man, who told his children to kill their husbands on their wedding night.
	Answer: Danaus
2.  Although the Danaids were supposed to kill their husbands, Hypermnestra couldn't bring herself to kill this man, and instead told him of the plot.
	Answer: Lynceus
3.  Hypermnestra was the mother of Abas, who was the father of Acrisius and thus the great-grandfather of this hero.
	Answer: Perseus

19. Answer these questions about an American artist FTP each.
1.  Born Robert Clarke, this Pop artist is better known by the name of his home state.
	Answer: Robert Indiana
2.  Indiana collaborated with this man on the 1964 film Eat.
	Answer: Andy Warhol
3.  Indiana may be best known for images based on this four-letter word, which was the centerpiece of his first solo show in New York in 1962 and which has since been featured on postage stamps.
	Answer: LOVE

20. Answer the following questions about matrices, FTP each.
1. This is a matrix where the all of the elements in which the column index is greater than the row index are zero and the rest of the elements are greater than or equal to zero.
	Answer: upper triangular matrix
2. This is the label given to a matrix whose adjoint is equal to its inverse.  The Pauli matrices and rotational matrices are examples.
	Answer: unitary matrices
3. This is the sum of the diagonal elements for a square matrix.
	Answer: trace