1998 Illinois Salute to Mediocrity Masters Toss-Ups by Vishnu Jejjala T-1. One of nine masked spirits who administered justice to his clan, he made his reputation by besting Amalinze the Cat at wrestling. Deeply ashamed of his father Unoka, he had three wives: Nwoya's mother, Ekwefi, and Ojiugo. During the funeral rites for Ezeudu, he accidentally shoots and kills the dead man's sixteen year old son and is exiled from Umuofia for seven years. When he returns, the village's customs have been supplanted by Christianity, and he hangs himself from a tree in despair. FTP identify this main character of Chinua Achebe's _Things Fall Apart_. Answer: _Okonkwo_ T-2. It was suggested by O.W. Greenberg in 1964 as a way to preserve Fermi statistics. Experimental consequences of the hypothesis are tripling the rate at which pions decay and tripling the production cross section for baryons and mesons in electron/positron annihilation. In its infinite limit, QCD may be well understood. FTP identify this quantum number associated with the strong interaction that ensures that the three quarks in a baryon obey the Pauli exclusion principle. Answer: _color_ T-3. Richard Wingfield, the English ambassador to France, arranged the event in honor of Perpetual Peace. In attendance on the English side were Adrian Fortescue, Thomas More, and Cardinal Wolsey. Henry VIII challenged Francis I to a wrestling match and was thrown to the ground leading some to speculate that it was because of this that England allied with Holy Roman Emperor Charles V against France. FTP name this opulent display which took place on June 7, 1520 near Guisnes. Answer: _Field of the Cloth of Gold_ T-4. He was begotten when Thyestes ravished his daughter Pelopia, a priestess of Apollo. Acting under his father/grandfather's orders, he killed Atreus and wrested the throne of Mycenae for Thyestes, who swiftly lost it to Agamemnon. Banished from home, he returned during the Trojan War to become Clytemnestra's lover and slew Agamemnon on his return to Greece. FTP identify this man killed by avenging Orestes. Answer: _Aegisthus_ T-5. He taught at the University of Vienna and served as principal economic advisor to the Austrian government until the Nazis came. His first major work was _The Theory of Money and Credit_ which argued that the purchasing power of money--its price--is determined by supply and demand. His 1922 work _Socialism_ predicted the breakdown of Communism and his publications also foresaw the Great Depression. FTP identify this influential member of the Austrian school whose protege was F.A. Hayek. Answer: Ludwig von _Mises_ T-6. The work is an account of the events in heaven on the 13th of October 54 AD. The title is a play on the word "apotheosis" and translates to "Transfiguration into a Pumpkin." It was probably written by Seneca to ingratiate himself to Nero. FTP identify this satire in which Claudius the Clod is cross-examined by Hercules, repudiated by Augustus, and sentenced to eternally throw dice from a dice-box with a hole in it. Answer: The _Apolocolocyntosis_ of the Divine Claudius T-7. He was caricatured by Hogarth as a devilish proponent of liberty. He attacked George III's chief minister Lord Bute and his successor George Grenville in Issue No. 45 of the _North Briton_. Wounded in a duel, he fled to France and was outlawed for his satire _Essay on Woman_ which was deemed obscene. Returning to England, he was imprisoned for seditious libel and thrice won a seat in the Commons from his jail cell. FTP identify this British politician who ultimately became Lord Mayor of London. Answer: John _Wilkes_ T-8. They are small cells with a deeply basophilic nucleus and scanty cytoplasm. They do not recognize free soluble or surface bound antigen instead recognizing antigen processed and presented by other cells. Ones classified as CD8+ are able to cause lysis of infected cells while those classified as CD4+ secrete lymphokines which act in the immune response. They are derived from the bone marrow but undergo maturation in the thymus gland. FTP identify this type of lymphocyte attacked by HIV. Answer: _T-cells_ T-9. Edgar Degas used his name derisively to describe a style marred by slick and artificial surfaces. During his stay in Italy as winner of the 1850 Grand Prix de Rome, he sent to his native France a copy he made of Raphael's _Galatea_. His genre paintings of peasants like _Rest in Harvest_ and _The Broken Pitcher_ suggest the loss of innocence. _Evening Mood_ depicts a floating, naked woman in a pose that recalls Boticelli's _Birth of Venus_. FTP name this painter whose masterpieces _The Nymphaeum_ and _Nymphs and Satyr_ have been labeled as pornographic. Answer: William Adolphe _Bouguereau_ T-10. The epigraph points out that the sinner is at heart the same as the Christian. Yusef, a Syrian diamond smuggler, lends money to the protagonist, a colonial deputy commissioner of police, who uses the money to send his wife Louise away to South Africa. With his wife on holiday, the officer conducts an affair with Helen Rolt. His wife returns, he is blackmailed by Yusef, and he ultimately kills himself by overdosing on sleeping pills. FTP identify this Graham Greene novel about the last months of Scobie. Answer: _The Heart of the Matter_ T-11. It was established in August of 1872 along the Santa Fe trail and owed its growth to the bison trade. Skirmishes broke out in the city following the election of Alonzo B. Webster as Mayor when the Long Branch Saloon was raided as a brothel. The town's marshals included Charles Bassett, Jack Bridges, and Wyatt Earp; the dentist was Doc Holliday; and the local sheriff was Bat Masterson. FTP name this Kansas city, once the "Queen of the Cowtowns." Answer: _Dodge City_ T-12. His right hand is gloved, his left is bare, and he rides a milk white steed on Hallowe'en. He transforms in his lover Jenny's arms first into a lizard and an adder, then into a lion and a bear, and finally into burning coal before being freed from the Queen of Faerie who snared him when he fell off his horse, who tried to send him as a tiend to hell, and who ultimately laments not turning him into a tree. FTP name this figure from Child Ballad 39. Answer: _Tam Lin_ (not _Thomas the Rhymer_) T-13. In 1993 M. Visser showed that the quantum variety, when formed, is stable. All classical examples require exotic material with negative energy density to hold them open. They are sometimes called Einstein-Rosen bridges. Kip Thorne studied them while Carl Sagan was researching _Contact_. FTP what name is given to these solutions to the Einstein equations that describe a hypothetical tube connecting two widely separated positions in space-time. Answer: _wormhole_ T-14. A recipe for Haschich Fudge was not included in the first American edition of her _Cook Book_ but may be found in the British edition. The _Cook Book_ intersperses haute cuisine recipes with her reminiscences. She also published an account of her life in _What is Remembered_ (1963). The publication of "her" autobiography in 1933 provoked the sardonic _Testimony against Gertrude Stein_. FTP identify this secretary and companion of Gertrude Stein. Answer: Alice B. _Toklas_ T-15. The earliest known source is a copy made about 1730 by Anna Magdalena, but exactly when, why, and for whom they were written remains unknown. Popular tradition holds that they were composed for either Christian Ferdinand Abel or Christian Linigke, two musicians employed by Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Cothen. Each consists of a prelude followed by a sequence of stylized dances: allemande; courante; sarabande; and a pair of minuets (in nos. 1 and 2), bourrees (in nos. 3 and 4), or gavottes (in nos. 5 and 6). FTP identify these compositions of J.S. Bach whose great exponents have included Janos Starker, Mstislav Rostropovich, and Pablo Casals. Answer: _Cello Suites_, BWV 1007-1012 T-16. Its source is the Kailas Range of the Himalayas. It originates as the Yarlung Zangbo Jiang in Tibet and flows through Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in India. At the point where it meets the Tista River, it is known by its Bengali name Jamuna. FTP name this 1800 mile long river that empties into the Bay of Bengal, the largest river in Bangladesh. Answer: _Brahmaputra_ (prompt on _Jamuna_) T-17. Byron wrote that this founder of Galveston, Texas "linked one virtue to a thousand crimes." His lieutenant was Dominique Yau, and he commanded an armada of fifty ships and over a thousand privateers from his base on Grand Terre Island at the entrance to the swamp of Barataria. Called the "Gentleman Pirate," when the governor of Louisiana put a $500 bounty on him, he put a $1500 bounty on the governor. FTP identify this man, who, in return for a pardon from Andrew Jackson, lent American troops powder and flints and bombarded the British in the Battle of New Orleans. Answer: Jean _Lafitte_ T-18. It begins in 1936 and ends in 1900 both times with Charon on the River Styx. Characters include humorist Jerome K. Jerome, critics Walter Pater and John Ruskin, and Alfred Pollard. The two act play tells of the unrequited passion of the protagonist, who appears at various stages of life, for Moses Jackson. The shadow of Oscar Wilde dominates the scene. FTP identify this 1997 work by Tom Stoppard about the life and scholarship of A.E. Housman. Answer: _The Invention of Love_ T-19. In Mesopotamia, it was called the Bird of the Forest, while the Greeks named it Ornithos until Eratosthenes renamed it. Near Sadr, the Great Rift begins and apparently divides the Milky Way into two parallel streams. To the east of its brightest star are the Pelican and North American Nebulae. Sometimes called the Northern Cross, at its foot is the beautiful telescopic binary Albireo. FTP identify this constellation named for the brother of Phaeton whose brightest star Deneb is part of the Summer Triangle. Answer: _Cygnus_ T-20. Auden writes of it that "everything turns away Quite leisurely from the disaster; the plowman may Have heard the splash, the forsaken cry, But for him it was not an important failure; the sun shone As it had to on the white legs disappearing into the green Water; and the expensive delicate ship that must have seen Something amazing, a boy falling out of the sky, Had somewhere to get to and sailed calmly on." FTP identify the painting described, now in the Musees des Beaux-Arts, by Pieter Breugel the Elder. Answer: Landscape with the Fall of _Icarus_ T-21. Like de Tocqueville's _Democracy in America_, it is a lively travel classic described by Herzen as the best book written by a foreigner about Russia and by Kennan as a prophetic look at the Soviet Union under Brezhnev and Kosygin. Based on the author's three month tour of imperial Russia, it depicts the elegance of St. Petersburg in 1839 and includes conversations with Czar Nicholas I. FTP identify this work by the Marquis de Custine. Answer: _Empire of the Czar_ (_La Russie en 1839_) T-22. They exhibit cylindrical symmetry with respect to the internuclear axis. They are formed when two s orbitals, one s and one p orbital, two p orbitals, or two d orbitals overlap. FTP what type of covalent bond is this, the first formed between two nuclei? Answer: _sigma_ bond (prompt on _covalent_ bond) T-23. He had diplomatic dealings with the Hanseatic League and attached himself to Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy. In Bruges, he studied with Colard Mansion, and his 1474 translation _Recuyall of the Historyes of Troye_ was the first book printed in English. He moved to Westminster and printed nearly eighty books. FTP name this publisher of two editions of _The Canterbury Tales_ and _Le Morte d'Arthur_. Answer: William _Caxton_ 1998 Illinois Salute to Mediocrity Masters Bonus Questions by Vishnu Jejjala B-1. Identify these memorable characters Dante meets in _Inferno_ FTP per pair. 1. In the Second Circle are these two lovers slain for their adultery by Gianciotto Malatesta. Answer: _Paolo_ Malatesta and _Francesca_ da Rimini 2. In what Dorothy Sayers describes as the noblest canto of the _Comedy_, Dante and Virgil encounter what two fraudulent counselors clothed in one shared flame one of whom tells of his final voyage towards the South Pole? Answer: _Ulysses_ (not _Odysseus_) and _Diomedes_ 3. In the frozen Ninth Circle, we see what two figures one of whom, a Count, is gnawing on the scalp of the other, an Archbishop, because the Archbishop had locked him up in a tower and forced him to cannibalize his children to survive? Answer: Count _Ugolino_ della Gherardesca and Archbishop _Ruggieri_ B-2. Identify the conductor FTP each. 1. His favorite key was E-flat major, the key of _Eroica_. He conducted the premieres of _Die Meistersinger von Nurnberg_ and _Tristan und Isolde_. His wife Cosima Liszt left him for Richard Wagner. Answer: Hans Guido von _Bulow_ 2. The son of an apothecary, he remarked to a female cellist: "My dear, you have between your legs an instrument that is capable of giving pleasure to thousands, but all you can do is scratch it!" He introduced the Ballet Russes to Britain, presided at Covent Garden, and founded the Royal Philharmonic. Answer: Thomas _Beecham_ 3. A favorite of Hitler, he succeeded Artur Nikisch at the Leipzig Gwendhaus and the Berlin Philharmonic in 1922. After World War II, he opened Bayreuth with a legendary performance of Beethoven's _Ninth Symphony_. Answer: Wilhelm _Furtwangler_ B-3. Answer the following questions about the Standard Model of particle physics. 1. 5: What three fundamental forces does the Standard Model explain? Answer: _strong_, _weak_, _electromagnetism_ 2. 5: Quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons obtain their masses through their interaction with what field that spontaneously breaks the weak interaction and hypercharge down to electromagnetism? Answer: _Higgs_ field or _Higgs_ doublet 3. 5: How many generations of particles are there in the Standard Model? Answer: _three_ 4. 5: In certain energy regimes, the Standard Model is a perturbative field theory. What name is given to a diagrammatic representation of particle interactions? Answer: _Feynman diagrams_ 5. 10: Physicists say the Standard Model is an SU(3) X SU(2) X U(1) gauge theory. Georgi and Glashow speculated that this symmetry group fits into what larger Lie group in an effort to obtain a Grand Unified Theory? Answer: _SU(5)_ B-4. Answer these questions about the Battle of Camlann for the stated number of points. 1. 10: FFP each name the commanders of the two armies that met at Camlann. Answer: King _Arthur_ and Sir _Mordred_ 2. 10: Whose ghost appeared to King Arthur on the eve of the battle to tell him to avoid a combat the next morning? Answer: Sir _Gawaine_ 3. 10: After the battle who cast King Arthur's sword Excalibur into the water? Answer: Sir _Bedivere_ B-5. Identify the Tennyson poem from the quotation FFP each. 1. Out flew the web and floated wide; / The mirror crack'd from side to side. Answer: _The Lady of Shalott_ 2. "Courage!" he said, and pointed toward the land, / "This mounting wave will roll us shoreward soon." Answer: _The Lotos-Eaters_ 3. The woods decay, the woods decay and fall, / The vapours weep their burthen to the ground, / Man comes and tills the field and lies beneath, / And after many a summer dies the swan. Answer: _Tithonus_ 4. And this gray spirit yearning in desire / To follow knowledge like a sinking star, / Beyond the utmost bound of human thought. Answer: _Ulysses_ 5. They that had fought so well / Came thro' the jaws of Death, / Back from the mouth of Hell. Answer: _The Charge of the Light Brigade_ 6. Twilight and evening bell, / And after that the dark! / And may there be no sadness of farewell, / When I embark. Answer: _Crossing the Bar_ B-6. Answer the following about Yellow Fever for the stated number of points. 1. 5: What US Army Medical Corps doctor determined that Havana physician Carlos J. Finlay's claim that mosquitos spread the disease was correct? Answer: Walter _Reed_ 2. 15: Give the genus and species of the mosquito most often responsible for transmitting the disease. Answer: _Aedes aegyptie_ 3. 10: What South African born doctor determined that the disease was caused by a virus and developed the 17D vaccine against it? Answer: Max _Theiler_ B-7. Given a Civil War battle fought in 1863 name the state where the conflict took place FFP each. 1. Murfeesboro (January 1-2, 1863) Answer: _Tennessee_ 2. Vicksburg (May 18-July 4, 1863) Answer: _Mississippi_ 3. Hanover (June 30, 1863) Answer: _Pennsylvania_ 4. Assault of Battery Wagner (July 18-September 7, 1863) Answer: _South Carolina_ 5. Chickamauga (September 18-20, 1863) Answer: _Georgia_ 6. Rappahannock Station (November 7, 1863) Answer: _Virginia_ B-8. Name the desert FTP each. 1. The largest sand desert in the world, this desert in southern Saudi Arabia is a massive, trackless expanse of shifting dunes. Answer: _Rub Al-Khali_ or _The Empty Quarter_ 2. Except for the Bandiagara Escarpment, a great cliff that slices through it for over ninety miles, it appears flat and barren. The Dogon, Taureg, and Songhai live in this desert. Answer: _Sahel_ 3. This large, sparsely populated plateau covers parts of the Northern Cape, Western Cape, and Eastern Cape provinces of South Africa. It lies between the Great Escarpment to the north and the Swartberg to the south. Answer: Great _Karoo_ B-9. Identify the following people who provided music for the screen from works on a 10-5 basis. 1. 10: themes to _Perry Mason_, _Twilight Zone_, and _Convoy_ 5: _Psycho_, _North by Northwest_, _Citizen Kane_ Answer: Bernard _Herrmann_ 2. 10: _The Big Sky_, _Strangers on a Train_, _The Bridge of San Luis Rey_ 5: _Guns of Navarone_, _High Noon_, _Dial M for Murder_ Answer: Dmitri _Tiomkin_ 3. 10: _Make Mine Music_, _The Gospel According to St. Matthew_, _Romeo i Julietta_ 5: _Lt. Kije_, _Aleksandr Nevsky_, _Ivan the Terrible, Part One_ Answer: Sergei _Prokofiev_ B-10. Answer the following about star clusters FTP each. 1. A color-magnitude diagram of this type of cluster shows a well defined main sequence and the absence of giants. Stellar spectra exhibit a high metal abundance. Examples include the Pleiades. What name is given to these clusters in which star formation does occur? Answer: _galactic_ or _open_ clusters 2. These clusters are mostly halo objects. Their stellar spectra reveal a low metal abundance indicating the presence of very old stars. A turn-off point in the color-magnitude diagram allows astronomers to deduce the age of the cluster and conclude that star formation is not occurring. What types of objects are these? Answer: _globular_ clusters 3. The 44.3 parsec distance to which open cluster obtained through the moving-cluster method now provides the fundamental baseline from which all distances greater than about 100 parsecs are measured? Answer: _Hyades_ B-11. Identify the Shakespearean character from _Twelfth Night_ from lines FTP each. 1. And with a green and yellow melancholy / She sat like Patience on a monument, / Smiling at grief. Answer: _Viola_ (accept _Cesario_) 2. I'll be revenged on the whole pack of you. Answer: _Malvolio_ 3. When that I was and a little tiny boy, / With hey, ho, the wind and the rain, / A foolish thing was but a toy, / For the rain it raineth every day. Answer: _Feste_ (prompt on _Clown_ or _Fool_) B-12. Name the Donatello sculpture from a description FTP each. 1. A marble work commissioned to be placed high on a buttress of Florence Cathedral, the figure's right hand originally carried a leather or bronze strap. The statue was inscribed: "To those who bravely fight for the fatherland, the gods will lend aid even against the most terrible foes." Answer: _David_ 2. The relief is interpreted as symbolically reenacting the Florentine triumph over Ladislaus. A princess clasps her hands in the foreground and a horse rears from the shock of a knight's lance plunging into the breast of his adversary. Answer: _St. George and the Dragon_ 3. Carved in poplar wood, it is often dated after Donatello's return to Florence from Padua in the early 1450's, but it might have been created up to two decades before. It depicts an emaciated woman clothed only in her own hair. The almost toothless, skeletal figure stands in exquisite contrapasto. Answer: _The Penitent Magdalene_ B-13. Name the following Sumerian deities for the stated number of points. 1. 5: The son of An and Ki, this god of the air was the head of the pantheon from at least 2500 BC. The inventor of the plow, he is banished to the nether world for his rape of his intended bride. Answer: _Enlil_ 2. 5: The granddaughter of Enlil, this goddess of love and war sends the Bull of Heaven to terrorize Gilgamesh. Answer: _Inanna_ or _Ishtar_ 3. 10: The lord of the watery abyss, he is the god of fertility and the keeper of the me or divine laws. Answer: _Enki_ 4. 10: The god of the Sun and of Justice, he goes to the Underworld every night to decree the fate of the dead. He opened the gates of the Underworld to let Enkidu escape death, at least for a time. Answer: _Utu_ B-14. Identify the Good Emperor from clues FTP each. 1. Claimed as ancestor by all subsequent emperors down to Severus Alexander, he was instrumental in revealing Piso's conspiracy to Nero. He used the victory in Pannonia over the Germans to announce his successor. Answer: _Nerva_ 2. Born in Lanuvium he was sent as proconsul into Asia by Hadrian. The persecution of Christians was stayed by his mild measures. He had a wall built between the Forth and Clyde rivers. Answer: _Antoninus Pius_ 3. His reign suffered from constant wars in Asia, Britain, and along the Rhine. He discussed his stoic philosophy in his _Meditations_. Answer: Marcus _Aurelius_ B-15. Identify the Verdi opera from arias FTP or characters FFP. 1. 10: "Credo in un Dio crudel," "Ora e per sempre addio" 5: Emilia, Cassio, Desdemona Answer: _Otello_ 2. 10: "Questa o quella," "Caro nome" 5: Sparafucile, Maddalena, Duke of Mantua Answer: _Rigoletto_ 3. 10: "Stride la vampa," "Di quella pira" 5: Leonora, Azucena, Count of Luna Answer: _Il trovatore_ or _The Troubador_ B-16. Identify these obliquely related people FTP each. 1. In April 1917 he traveled from Zurich to Petrograd by train. Once in Russia, his health declined after an assassination attempt the following year, and he died in 1924. Answer: Nikolay _Lenin_ or Vladimir Ilyich _Ulyanov_ 2. The pen-name of Samuel Rosenfeld, this Romanian-born French poet wrote the dadaist manifesto _La Premier Aventure celeste de M. Antipyrine_ in 1916. Answer: Tristan _Tzara_ 3. He cast Henry Carr as Algernon Moncrieff in _The Importance of Being Earnest_. He gained retribution for a somewhat acrimonious lawsuit against Carr by naming a drunken, blasphemous, and obscene private after him in his 1922 masterpiece. Answer: James _Joyce_ B-17. Name the twentieth century mathematicians FTP each. 1. A student of Vannevar Bush, he published "A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits" on the application of symbolic logic to circuit design. With William Weaver, he wrote _The Mathematical Theory of Communication_. Answer: Claude Elwood _Shannon_ 2. In his work on number theory, Fourier series, and the Riemann zeta function, he collaborated with John Littlewood. He brought Srinivasa Ramanujan to Cambridge and wrote _A Mathematician's Apology_. Answer: Godfrey Harold _Hardy_ 3. For a time Savilian Professor at Oxford, he won the 1966 Fields Medal for his work on algebraic geometry and topology. Interested in bridging the gap between physicists and mathematicians, he proved the Index Theorem with I.M. Singer. Answer: Michael Francis _Atiyah_ B-18. Identify the Supreme Court case from description FTP each. 1. In 1971, the court ruled that Rhode Island's payment of a salary supplement to instructors at non-public schools who taught secular courses violated the religion clause of the First Amendment. Answer: _Lemon v. Kurtzman_ 2. The court held that any evidence obtained by searches in violation of the Constitution is inadmissible in a criminal trial. Answer: _Mapp v. Ohio_ 3. The court ruled 5-4 that a Georgia statute criminalizing consensual sodomy was constitutional in this 1986 case. Answer: _Bowers v. Hardwick_ B-19. Identify the Russian novel from characters FFP each. 1. Sonya Marmeladovna, Porfiry Petrovich Answer: _Crime and Punishment_ (_Prestupleniye i nakazaniye_) 2. Innokenty Vologin, Lev Rubin Answer: _The First Circle_ (_V kruge pervom_) 3. Arkady Kirsanov, Eugene Bazarov Answer: _Fathers and Sons_ (_Ottsy i deti_) 4. Ivan Bunchuk, Gregor Melekhov Answer: _The Quiet Don_ or _Quiet Flows the Don_ (_Tikhiy Don_) 5. Andrei Bolkonsky, Natasha Rostov Answer: _War and Peace_ (_Voina i mir_) 6. Pavel Antipov, Larisa Guishar Answer: _Doctor Zhivago_ (_Doktor Zhivago_) B-20. Identify the following figures who contributed to our understanding of insulin FTP each. 1. 5: Frederick Banting was working in whose laboratory when he discovered insulin? Answer: John James Richard _Macleod_ 2. 5: Banting split his share of the 1923 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with what co-worker? Answer: Charles H. _Best_ 3. 10: Who worked out the sequence of 51 amino acids in the insulin molecule? Answer: Frederick _Sanger_ 4. 10: Who then determined the structure of insulin using X-ray techniques? Answer: Dorothy Crowfoot _Hodgkin_ B-21. Identify the British Prime Minister from terms of office FTP each. 1. 1868-1874, 1880-1885, 1886, 1892-1894 Answer: William _Gladstone_ 2. 1923-1924, 1924-1929, 1935-1937 Answer: Stanley _Baldwin_ 3. 1964-1970, 1974-1976 Answer: Harold _Wilson_ B-22. Answer the following questions about the author's favorite Crusade FTP each. 1. One of the best surviving records are the memoirs of Geoffrey de Villehardouin. The Crusade was proposed by Count Tibald of Champagne, set out from Venice, and ended with the sack of Constantinople. Which Crusade is it? Answer: _Fourth_ 2. The Fourth Crusade began with the conquest of what Christian port city on the Adriatic then in control of the Hungarians? Answer: _Zara_ 3. What blind Doge of Venice marched at the head of the Crusade, installed Baldwin I of Flanders as Latin Emperor in Constantinople, and was ultimately buried in the Hagia Sophia? Answer: Enrico _Dandalo_ B-23. Identify the woman transcendentalist from description for the stated number of points. 1. 5: In 1844, she published her first book _Summer on the Lakes_. She married an Italian revolutionary and served as editor of _The Dial_ which she co-founded with Emerson and Ripley. Answer: Margaret _Fuller_ 2. 5: A biographer of Margaret Fuller, she's chiefly remembered for the poem "The Battle Hymn of the Republic." Answer: Julia Ward _Howe_ 3. 10: She published poems and children's fiction under the penname Flora Fairfield. Her little regarded adult novels included _Work_ and _A Modern Mephistopheles_. Answer: Louisa May _Alcott_ 4. 10: A British transcendentalist, she translated Comte's philosophical writings, wrote the twenty-five volume _Illustrations of Political Economy_, and published _Society in America_ in 1837 after a tour of the States. Answer: Harriet _Martineau_ Toss-Ups -------- Literature: Okonkwo, Apolocolocyntosis, The Heart of the Matter, Toklas, The Invention of Love, Caxton History: Field of the Cloth of Gold, Wilkes, Dodge City, Lafitte, The Empire of the Czar Science: color, T-cells, wormhole, Cygnus, sigma bond Religion/Mythology/Philosophy: Aegisthus, Tam Lin Art/Music: Bouguereau, Cello Suites, Icarus Social Science: Mises Geography: Brahmaputra Bonus Questions --------------- Literature: Dante, Tennyson, woman transcendentalists, Twelfth Night characters, Travesties, Russian novels History: Fourth Crusade, Civil War battles, Five Good Emperors, Supreme Court cases, British Prime Ministers Science: Standard Model, Yellow Fever, star clusters, modern mathematicians, insulin people Mythology/Religion/Philosophy: Arthurian, Sumerian Art/Music: conductors, Donatello sculptures, Verdi operas Geography: deserts Film: scores