Tossups by Parkland Community College 1. Proclaimed at the Congress of Vienna, this short-lived nation is perhaps most notable for being the first of many countries to be rocked by political upheaval in the revolutionary year of 1848. Twelve years later, it had the distinction of being the first state conquered by Garibaldi, whose redshirts drove out King Ferdinand II and the Bourbon Dynasty. For 10 points name this former kingdom, which sounds like something that Boris Yeltsin might see when he looks at a map of the Mediterranean. answer: Kingdom of the _Two Sicilies_ (prompt on "Naples") 2. The Veronica, the Trincherazo, the Pase de la Firma, the Natural and the Manoletina are among the standard maneuvers in this sport, the standard equipment for which includes the castorenos, the banderillas, the muleta, and the estoque, while the players include banderillos and picadors. For 10 points name this national sport of Spain. answer: _Bullfighting_ (accept an early buzz of matador) 3. The baroque influences can be seen in this painter's early works such as "Martyrdom of St. Erasmus". The influence of Titian, Veronese and Raphael gave clarity to his composition and can be seen in "Adoration of the Magi"(1633). His later works include "Death of Phocion"(1648) and the imposing work "The Four Seasons" (1660-1664). FTP, name this first painter to Louis XIII who administered the decoration of the Great Gallery of the Louvre. answer: Nicolas _Poussin_ 4. Thomas Nashe's ~The Unfortunate Traveller~ is generally considered to be the first one written in English. ~Gil Blas~ and ~Simplicissimus~ are the outstanding examples of it in French and German literature, respectively, while the prototype of the genre was the anonymous 16th-century Spanish novel ~Lazarillo de Tormes~. For 10 points what mostly-plotless literary genre about the wanderings of the principal character is best exemplified by ~Moll Flanders~, ~Roderick Random~, and arguably ~Don Quixote~? answer: _Picaresque_ novels 5. Stephen Sondheim's ~A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum,~ Cole Porter's ~Out of this World~, Jean Giradoux's ~Amphitryon 38~, George Balanchine's ~The Boys From Syracuse~, Moliere's ~L'Avare~, and most famously, Shakespeare's ~Comedy of Errors~. For 10 points all these works are based directly or indirectly on the comedies of what Roman playwright, whose own plays included ~The Braggart Soldier~, ~The Pot of Gold~, and ~The Brothers Menaechmus?~ answer: _Plautus_ 6. Its namesake estimated it at 530, but within a generation, most scientists had concluded that it could be no more than about 180. Since the 1970s, its generally-accepted value has plummeted to somewhere between the high forties and low fifties, which would suggest a universe between 15 and 20 billion years old. For 10 points what is this astronomical constant, expressed in kilometers per second per megaparsec, which measures the rate at which the universe is expanding? answer: The _Hubble_ Constant 7. The Romans knew it as Singidunum, and the Turks named it Darol-i-Jihad, or "Jihad City," while the Slavonic name by which we know it today literally means "White Fortress" as it is strategically situated at the halfway point along the medieval Vienna-to-Constantinople trade route. Located at the junction of the Sava and Danube Rivers, for 10 points what Balkan metropolis is the capital city of a country that has gotten a lot smaller in the 1990s? answer: _Beograd_ or _Belgrade_ 8. This principle is applicable to all waves, especially in optics. It is a construction technique for deducing the shape of an evolving wavefront. Each point of the wavefront is taken to be the source of secondary waves spreading in all directions. The new wavefront is the surface tangent to these wavelets. FTP, identify this wave principle named after the Dutch physicist who devised it in 1678. ans. _Huygens'_ principle 9. Announced on December 6, 1904, it was put into action for the first time the following March, when the U.S. seized control of the Dominican Republic's customs service in order to settle that country's debt with various European countries. Standing for the proposition that the U.S.A. has the sole authority to police its neighbors in Latin America, for 10 points what corollary to the Monroe Doctrine is named for the 26th president of the United States? answer: The _Roosevelt_ Corollary 10. Her first love is Boris Drubetskoi, followed by Vaska Denisov, whose proposal of marriage she rejects. She then becomes engaged to Andrei Bolkonsky, but ruins everything when she attempts to elope with Anatol Kuragin. She is then reunited with Andrei after he has been mortally wounded, and eventually marries Pierre Bezukhov, with whom she lives happily ever after. For 10 points name this central female character of Tolstoy's ~War and Peace.~ answer: _Natasha_ (Natalia) Rostova 11. In cattle, this disease is known as nagana, while a South American version of the human type is called Chagas' disease. Caused by the protozoan blood parasite trypanosoma, it is often fatal, and begins with a large rash around the bite-mark, followed by mood changes and lack of appetite, but it is best known for the extreme lethargy that it induces. For 10 points what is this infectious disease endemic to Africa, which is transmitted by the tsetse fly? answer: African _Sleeping Sickness_ (accept trypanosomiasis on an early buzz) 12. While a young officer fighting against the Turks, he twice survived being shot through the face. As allied commander-in-chief at Austerlitz, he was best remembered for falling asleep in the middle of the war council on the eve of battle, and was widely blamed for the debacle that followed. Nevertheless, Alexander I reluctantly reappointed him commander after the fall of Smolensk, and he went on to annihilate the Grand Army in spite of his defeat at Borodino. For 10 points name this general who drove Napoleon out of Russia. answer: Mikhail _Kutuzov_ 13. During the mayoral term of John V. Lindsay, it was passed out of existence. It was formed in 1786 and incorporated in 1789 and its formal name is the Columbian Order of New York City. At first it was mostly social but by the mid-1830's it fought for reforms but was slowing being controlled by the privileged classes. FTP, name this political machine most known for being connected with 'Boss' Tweed. answer: _Tammany Hall_ 14. It contains a '...'Special train for Atkins' when the trooper's on the tide', '...a pore benighted 'eathen but a first-class fightin' man', but most famous of all is '...a better man than I am...". Those lines came from an homage to Hindus, heathens and the British soldier. For 10 points, name the volume of poems that contain the poems "Tommy", "Fuzzy Wuzzy" and "Gunga Din", written by Rudyard Kipling. answer: _Barrack-Room Ballads_ 15. Founded by candy manufacturer Robert Welch, it initially operated through a number of front organizations, including the Movement to Restore Decency, the Sons of the American Revolution, and the Patrick Henry Society. Advocating the abolition of the Federal Reserve and the income tax, withdrawal from the United Nations, and the impeachment of Earl Warren, it was largely in decline by the time its existence became public in 1960. For 10 points name this militant political group, most famous for its accusation that Dwight Eisenhower was a communist. answer: The _John Birch_ Society 16. This theory was advanced in the late 17th century by Johann Becher and it was originally called "terra pinguis". It was supposedly paired with calx in metals, but calx is now known as oxide. It could be put back into metals by charcoal since charcoal was believed to be rich in it. However, it was not confined to metals; rather it was believed to exist in all materials. This odorless, colorless, tasteless, and weightless substance, was thought to be released when substances burned. FTP, name this crackpot theory of combustion, discredited by Antoine Lavoisier. answer: _phlogiston_ theory 17. Despite the credit given to the Nazis for being first with concentration camps, this man developed them for use 40 years before the Nazis did. This man died on the H.M.S. Hampshire in 1916 when it was sunk by a German mine off the Orkney Islands. FTP, name this man who prior to using concentration camps to make the Boers submit to British rule won the great victory at Omdurman in 1898. answer: Horatio Herbert _Kitchener_ 18. This term is derived from a similarly named association and a society formed in 1795 to counteract the Catholic influence and to 'maintain the laws and peace of the country and the Protestant constitution' which meant beating down on the Catholics. Later, the term came to denote generally given to the Protestants who resisted Home-Rule proposals from the mid-1880's. For 10 points-- name this term from Irish history also used by the Syracuse University football team. answer: _Orangemen_ 19. The title character, to use the author's own words, is "this boring high-minded Puritan woman." Most of it is a rambling free-verse monologue, though some of its lyric sections are in the form of a conversation between an unnamed 20th-century poet, who may or may not represent the author, and the 17th-century title character, American literature's first (and worst) well-known poet. For 10 points, name this semi-biographical 1956 poem by John Berryman. answer: _Homage to Mistress Bradstreet_ 20. According to Herodotus, they were one of the seven tribes of the Median nation, who engineered an unsuccessful coup d'etat under the pretender Smerdis in 522 B.C. Though the name seems to have been applied to the early followers of Zoroaster, in later years they became associated with pagan Babylonian rituals, especially astronomy and sorcery. For 10 points name this priestly caste of ancient Persia, whose name appears in the title of a short story by O. Henry. answer: _Magi_ or _Magians_ 21. This school of thinking argued that the source of all wealth was the land and that only the abundance and high price of agricultural goods could create prosperity. They stressed that absolute freedom of trade was essential to guarantee the most beneficial operation of 'economic law' which they considered immutable. This school influenced later advocates of laissez faire. FTP, name this school of 18th century French thinking that evolved the first complete system of economics, led by Francois Quesnay. answer: _physiocrats_ 22. In Arabic this word means leader'. Among Sunni Muslims it can mean any pious Muslim and is a synonym for caliph. For Shiite Muslims it is a charismatic leader who is an infallible source of spiritual and secular guidance. Currently the ayatollahs serve as a collective caretaker of this position. For ten points, name this term of Shiite Muslim that can also be synonymous with Mahdi. answer: _imam_ 23. It has 5 vowels and 23 consonants, a mainly West European lexicon and a Slavonic influence on syntax and spelling. It has anywhere from 1 to 15 million speakers and no it is not ebonics. FTP, name this best known of the auxiliary languages of the world invented by Ludwig Lazarus Zamenhof in 1887. answer: _Esperanto_ 24. All persons are required to spend two years working on communal farms, and all property belongs to the state. Gold and silver are used only for chamber pots, while jewelry is given to children to play with. Euthanasia is commonly practiced, atheism and adultery are outlawed, criminals are enslaved, and there is no army, since the state is able to defend itself by diplomacy alone. For 10 points these are among the customs mentioned by Raphael Hythloday in his description of what fictional island, the subject of a 1516 book by Sir Thomas More? answer: _Utopia_ Bonuses by Parkland Community College 1. Like champion racehorses, many European monarchs were produced through generations and generations of inbreeding. For the stated number of points, identify these rulers whose family trees didn't always branch. A. This Roman Emperor had to have the Senate pass an exception to the laws against incest in order that he could marry his niece, Agrippina the Younger. answer: _Claudius_ B. Too many of the Hapsburgs' recessive genes left this King of Spain impotent and insane, creating the dynastic void that led to the War of Spanish Succession after his death. answer: _Charles II_ or _Carlos II_ C. His first wife, Marie Therese, was also his double-first cousin: her father, Philip IV of Spain, was the brother of his mother, Anna, while her mother, Elizabeth of France, was the sister of his father. answer: _Louis XIV_ 2. Identify the following authors: 15 points if you can get them from a plot summary of their first novel; ten if you need the title of that novel. A. 15 pts: William Crimsworth leaves England to take a job at a school for girls in Brussels, where he falls in love with a fellow teacher. 10 pts: ~The Professor~ answer: _Charlotte Bronte_ B. 15 pts: The middle-aged copy clerk Makar Devushkin pines hopelessly after Varavara, a seventeen-year-old girl who rejects him for the wealthy rake Bykov. 10 pts: ~Poor Folk~ answer: Fyodor _Dostoyevsky_ 3. For five points each, and a bonus five for all correct, identify the Shakespeare plays which contain the following villains. A. Saturninus answer: _Titus Andronicus_ B. Edmund answer: _King Lear_ C. Iachimo answer: _Cymbeline_ D. Don John answer: _Much Ado About Nothing_ E. Joan la Pucelle, a.k.a. Joan of Arc answer: _Henry VI Part I_ 4. Getting a Cook County jury to rule against Michael Jordan is not the easiest thing in the world, as two filmmakers discovered in October 1998. For fifteen points each: A. Would-be film producers Randy Fried and Keith Bank had sued Jordan for breach of contract after he backed out of a starring role in what 1991 film, which flopped without him? answer: _Heaven is a Playground_ B. What other basketball star (and we use the term loosely) replaced Jordan in "Heaven is a Playground?" answer: Bo _Kimble_ 5. For ten points each, identify these companies connected in some way with the Radio Corporation of America. A. RCA was created in 1919 by what industrial giant, which used it as a shell with which it acquired the assets of the Marconi Corporation of America? answer: _G_eneral _E_lectric B. What RCA subsidiary began operations in 1926 with the launching of radio stations WEAF and WJZ in New York City? answer: _N_ational _B_roadcasting _C_ompany C. What French conglomerate bought RCA's entire consumer electronics division in 1986? answer: _CGR_ (damned if I know what this stands for) 6. For fifteen points each, recite the concluding lines of these poems, given the lines that immediately precede them. The title of the poem itself will form at least a part of the final line. A. "If her horny feet protrude, they come/ To show how cold she is, and dumb. Let the lamp affix its beam . . ." answer: _"The only emperor is the emperor of ice cream."_ B. "My friend, you would not tell with such high zest/ To children ardent for some desperate glory,/ The old Lie: . . . " answer: _"Dulce et decorum est/ pro patria mori."_ 7. For the stated number of points identify these works of literature with something in common. A. For 5 points: Subtitled "The Autobiography of a Horse," this children's book was written by Anna Sewell in 1877 to draw attention to the mistreatment of animals. answer: _Black Beauty_ B. For 10 points: A mediocre scientist named Kovrin has hallucinations in which the title character promises to make him master of the world in this short story by Anton Chekhov. answer: _The Black Monk_ (Chyorni monakh) C. For 15 points: Dictated by the title character to journalist John Neihardt, this 1932 work is the autobiography of a Oglala Sioux medicine man who survived the Wounded Knee massacre roughly forty years before. answer: _Black Elk Speaks_ 8. At twenty years, the reign of John Paul II is now the thirteenth-longest in the history of the Papacy. For ten points each, identify these other long-serving popes. A. According to the Catholic Church's official count, who had the longest papal reign of all, at 35 years? answer: St. _Peter_ B. What Pope, whose reign saw the Papal State shrink to the size of Vatican City, holds the modern record for longevity, at 32 years? answer: _Pius IX_ C. Who was the last Pope before John Paul II to stay in office for over twenty years? answer: _Leo XIII_ 9. It is sometimes known as the "junior Supreme Court," since so many of its members have been elevated to the nation's highest bench. For the stated number of points: A. For 15 points-- what is this federal appeals court, which counts Kenneth Starr and Robert Bork among its former judges? answer: The U.S. Court of Appeals for the _District of Columbia Circuit_ (accept _D.C. Circuit_) B. Three current justices of the U.S. Supreme Court formerly served on the D.C. Circuit. For five points each, name them. answer: Antonin _Scalia_, Clarence _Thomas_, Ruth Bader _Ginsburg_ 10. Given the description of a relatively famous UIUC alum, name them FTP each. A. He won a Pulitzer Prize for criticism in 1975 and is a film reviewer for the Chicago Sun-Times. answer: Roger _Ebert_ B. Since he got shot in 1983, this shameful UIUC alum has been wheeled around by the gun control liberals to show how bad guns are, he was Reagan's press secretary until John Hinckley shot him. answer: James _Brady_ (accept _that gimp Brady_) C. She was Pres. Bush's Secretary of Labor from 1991 until the end of his term. answer: Lynn _Martin_ 11. For the stated number of points, identify these movies with something in common. A. 5pts.-name this recent film starring Sir Ian McKellan as S.S. death camp Kommandant Kurt Dussander being found and blackmailed for stories. answer: _Apt Pupil_ B. 5pts.-name this film starring Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman about the joys of prison life. answer: The _Shawshank Redemption_ C. 5pts.-name this film starring River Phoenix about four boys looking for a dead body. answer: _Stand By Me_ D. 15pts.- "Apt Pupil", "The Shawshank Redemption" and "Stand By Me" were all novellas in one collection. For ten points, name the collection, and for five name the author. answer _Different Seasons_ by Stephen _King_ 12. This question dedicated to James Anderson. How well do you know the guns that assassins have used? FTP each. A. John Wilkes Booth answer: a _derringer_ pistol B. Gavrilo Princip answer: a _Colt .45_ pistol C. Lee Harvey Oswald answer: a _Mannlicher-Carccano_ 6.5mm rifle-carbine 13. For ten points each, answer these questions about third parties in American presidential elections. A. The political branch of the Know-Nothing society, this anti-immigrant party carried Maryland under ex-president Millard Fillmore in 1856. answer: _American_ Party B. Running under the banner of the American Independent Party, he was the last third-party candidate to win a state in a presidential election. answer: George _Wallace_ C. The first-ever national nominating convention was held in 1832 by this single-issue party, which picked William Wirt as its candidate. answer: _Anti-Masonic_ Party 14. Given the year and catagory, identify the winner of the Academy Award. 5pts. each. A. 1945-film answer: "The _Lost Weekend_" B. 1945-director answer: Billy _Wilder_ (for "The Lost Weekend") C. 1960-film answer: "The _Apartment_" D. 1960-director answer: Billy _Wilder_ (for "The Apartment") E. 1953-director answer: Fred _Zinnemann_ (for "From Here to Eternity") F. 1953-actor answer: William _Holden_ (for "Stalag 17") 15. Given figures from American history, identify them from clues FTP each. A. Before ruling that "the Negro had no rights that the white man was bound to respect", he was Andrew Jackson's Secretary of the Treasury and Attorney General. answer: Roger B. _Taney_ B. He was Garfield's and Arthur's Secretary of State, lost an election to Cleveland and was Harrison's Secretary of State. answer: James G. _Blaine_ c. He was Hoover's Secretary of State from 1929 until the end of Hoover's term and was F.D.R.'s Secretary of War from 1940 and on. answer: Henry L. _Stimson_ 16. We'll assume that you know who Faust and Mephistopheles are. For 10 points apiece, identify these other characters from Goethe's masterpiece. A. This disembodied spirit of learning is created by Mephistopheles and has the power to see into Faust's mind. answer: _Homunculus_ B. A symbol of innocence and purity, this beautiful maiden is corrupted and ultimately destroyed by Faust and Mephistopheles. answer: _Gretchen_ or _Margarete_ C. Faust's manservant, he embodies both realism and knowledge without imagination. answer: _Wagner_ 17. Given ideas or techniques, name the person or persons who won Nobel Prizes in economics for developing them. FTP each. A. Econometrics, a technique of economic analysis that combines economic theory with statistical and mathematical methods of analysis. answer: Ragner _Frisch_ and Jan _Tinbergen_ B. Changes in monetary supply precede rather than follow changes in overall economic activity. answer: Milton _Friedman_ C. The Gross National Product, a nation's total output of goos and services in a given period, usually a year. answer: Simon _Kuznets_ 18. Given scientific terms, laws, equations, ect..., name the person or persons it is named after. 15pts. each. a.In electrostatics: the total electric flux through some closed surface is proportional to the total charge enclosed by that surface. This law is the expression of charge as a source of electric field. ans. _Gauss_'s law b.A description of the distribution of energy amongst the atoms or molecules of a perfect gas. It is essential to understanding how the bulk thermodynamic properties of a gas are related to the behavior of a large numbers of individual gas atoms. ans. _Maxwell-Boltzmann_ distribution 19. You guessed it, time for fake science. Given the Paleozoic Era, name the six periods in it for 5pts. each. ans. _Cambrian_, _Ordovician_, _Silurian_, _Devonian_, _Carboniferous_, _Permian_ 20. For 10 points apiece, name these things formerly named after Josef Stalin. A. While the name of nearby Lenin Peak seems to have stuck, this highest mountain in the former Soviet Union is no longer named after Uncle Joe. answer: _Mt. Communism_ B. What present day world capital was once named "Stalinabad?" answer: _Dushanbe_ C. What ancient city, the largest seaport in Bulgaria, was temporarily renamed "Stalin" between 1946 and 1957? answer: _Varna_ 21. Given famous architectural works, name the architect. A. Dulles International Airport, Transworld Airlines Terminal at New York's JFK airport. answer: _Eero Saarinen_ B. Seagram Building, New York State Theater at Lincoln Center, the AT&T Building (now the Sony Building). answer: Philip _Johnson_ C. St. Paul's Cathedral, Greenwich Observatory. answer: Christopher _Wren_ 22. How well do you know the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre? A.5pts.-What religious minority were targeted in Paris? answer: _Huguenots_ or _Protestants_ B.10pts.-name the Queen Mother that pulled Charles IX's strings to engineer the massacre. answer: _Catherine de Medici_ C.15pts.- name the French admiral and Huguenot leader who was the first victim. answer: Gaspard de Chatillon _Coligny_ 23. Given a list of three events from Egyptian history, place them in the correct chronological order. Each list is worth ten points, all or nothing. A. The reigns of Akhnaten, Ramses II, and Tutankhamen answer: Akhnaten, Tutankhamen, Ramses B. The conquests of Egypt by the Ethopians (under Shabaka), the Hyksos, and the Persians. answer: Hyksos, Ethiopians, Persians C. The building of the temple of Abu Sindel, the Great Sphinx, and the Great Pyramid of Cheops. answer: Pyramid, Sphinx, Abu Sindel