1997 MLK Invitational Questions by Mike Musgrove =0D 1. In the introduction, the author recognizes a recent glut of novels about the sea that started with Cooper's The Pilot. He claims he is writing the account of his voyage from Boston to California because none are told from the point of view of the common sailor. His narrative describes life upon the Pilgrim in minute detail. FTP, identify this documentary novel by Richard Henry Dana. Answer: Two Years Before the Mast =0D 2. Spy novelist John Le Carre coined this term in his book Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy. He used it to describe any double agent who betrays his employer by passing inside information to the enemy. Identify this term, which also describes characters in the old cartoon series Short Tails and Kenneth Graham's book The Wind in the Willows. Answer: mole =0D 3. The early Greeks knew that if you rubbed a piece of amber it could pick up bits of straw. It is from the Greek word for amber that these subatomic particles are named. Robert Millikan won the 1923 Nobel Prize in physics for determining their charge in his famous oil drop experiment. FTP, what are these things which orbit the nucleus of the atom. Answer: electrons =0D 4. When it first appeared in the San Francisco Examiner in 1888 it was entitled Ballad of the Republic, Sung in the Year 1888. A strange title for a poem about baseball. Identify this poem by Ernest L. Thayer that relates the downfall of Mudville's most famous slugger. Answer: Casey at the Bat =0D 5. Born in Java, he made his way to Germany where he built airplanes during WWI. It was his invention that revolutionized aerial combat. Identify this man who developed the timing device that allowed machine guns to shoot through the propellors of planes. Answer: Anthony Fokker =0D 6. Originally titled The Village Virus, it tells the story of the heroine who is bored with her life as wife of the village doctor. She tries to bring culture to the town but fails. Her name was Carole Kennicot and the town was Gopher Prarie. Identify this novel by Sinclair Lewis. Answer: Main Street =0D 8. While recovering from polio he wrote a movie script based on the history of the USS Constitution, but it never sold. He also invested money in a proposed intercity dirigible freight line that never got off the ground. In 1920 he ran for vice-president. They lost. It just goes to show that even four-term presidents fail sometimes. Identify this proponent of the New Deal. Answer: Franklin Roosevelt or FDR =0D 9. Long a territory of Sweden, this country was conquered by Russia during the Napoleonic wars. The Bolshevik Revolution provided the opportunity to break away and Kaarlo Stahlberg became the first president. In 1940 the Soviets retook the country despite stiff resistence by General Karl Mannerheim. Identify this Baltic nation that is again independent with its capital at Helsinki. Answer: Finland =0D 10. It officially came to an end in 1806 when Francis II was forced to dissolve it under pressure from Napoleon. It began 844 years earlier when Otto I was crowned by pope John XII. Identify this political entity which was ruled for several centuries by the Hapsburg line in central Europe. Answer: Holy Roman Empire =0D 11. John won three Olympic gold medals for the United States in swimming in the 1920 and 1924 games. His brother George won the 1926 Pulitzer for the play Craig's Wife. His daughter Grace became the princess of Monaco. What's the name? Identify the common family name. Answer: Kelly =0C12. This man predicted that the then undiscovered element 72 should have properties like zirconium. This led to the discovery element 72 in zirconium ores. The new element was called hafnium, after an early name for Copenhagen, his home town. Word of the discovery reached him in Stockholm in 1922 just hours before he was scheduled to receive that year's Nobel Prize in Physics. Identify this scientist whose theory of the structure of the hydrogen atom led to modern atomic theory. Answer: Niels Bohr =0D 13. Porter Canfield is the vice-president in the novel The Canfield Decision. In real life the author was vice-president as well. Identify this Maryland native who is best known for evading his taxes, a fact that came to light while he was Richard Nixon's right hand man. Answer: Spiro Agnew =0D 14. The Winkler method for determining this quantity was first developed in 1888. It is still the most reliable and most common method used today. The procedure calls for manganese to be added to the water sample. The manganese is oxidized. Iodine is then added titrimetrically. The iodine reduces the manganese back to its original state. The amount of iodine used is equivalent to the quantity in question. This test is important to wastewater analysts because the differnce in the test results before and after five days is used to calculate the biochemical oxygen demand. Identify this quantity commonly abbreviated as D.O. Answer: dissolved oxygen =0D 15. This element is found in nature both in the pure form and in ores such as galena, cinnabar, pyrite, and gypsum. About 60 % of the supply in the US comes from Texas and Louisiana. To mine it, superheated water is pumped into the deposit to melt it. Air is used to force it to the surface. This is known as the Frasch process. Identify this 16th element which combines with oxygen to form a major component of acid rain. Answer: sulfur =0D 16. Born in Czechoslovakia in 1883, he published little during his lifetime and supported himself by working in an insurance office. His friend Max Brod published his most famous novels only after his death in 1924. Identify this author of The Trial, The Castle, and Amerika. Answer: Franz Kafka =0D 17. His name means dark as a cloud and he is always depicted with blue or black skin. Like Achilles he was fatally wounded in his heel by a hunter who thought he was a deer. Identify this Indian deity whose followers shave their heads and sell flowers. Answer: Krishna =0D 18. He is known as the inventor of French opera for his musical interpretations of the plays of Moliere and others. In 1687 he was directing a Te Deum in Paris when he hit himself on the foot with the staff he was using to beat time. An abcess developed and he died. Identify this court composer to Louis XIV who composed Alceste. Answer: Jean Baptiste Lully =0D 19. They were three Roman brothers who fought thr three Curiatii brother of Alba to determine which city would dominate. The final brother returned home with the fallen enemies. Identify these three brothers who are immortalized in a painting by David. Answer: the Horatii =0D 20. James II is the lion, the wolf represents the Presbyterians, the boar the Anabaptists, and the hare the Quakers. The two title animals represent the Church of Rome and the Church of England respectively. Identify this poem by John Dryden that argues infavor of Catholicism. Answer: The Hind and the Panther =0D 21. In 1911, along with his assistant Gilles Holst, at the University of Leiden, he succeeded in lowering the temperature of mercury to the lowest temperature yet recorded. The result was an absence of resistance to electric current. His work was possible with liquid helium, which he was the first to produce . FTP, identify this discoverer of superconductivity who was awarded the 1913 NP in physics. Answer: Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes =0D 22. It states that the magnetization of a paramagnetic object is directly proportional to the effective magnetic field and inversely proportional to the kelvin temperature. Identify this law named for a French physicist who discovered radioactivity along with his wife Marie. Answer: Curie Effect 24. This scientist introduced the terms positive, negative, charge, and battery to the language of electricity. His high renown in the field of science facilitated his role as a diplomat during the American Revolution. FTP, identify this Pennsylvania native who is best known for his experiments with lightning. Answer: Ben Franklin =0D 25. =0C1997 MLK Invitational Questions by Mike Musgrove =0D 1. Identify these statements as being descriptive of Newton's first, second, or third law. 1. The rate of change of the momentum of a particle is proportional to the net force acting on the particle and is in the direction of that force. Answer: 2nd law 2. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Answer: 3rd law 3. Fab =3D -Fba (read F sub ab equals negative F sub ba) Answer: 3rd law 4. A body at rest tends to stay at rest. A body in motion tends to stay in motion. Answer: 1st law 5. Force equals mass times acceleration. Answer: 2nd law 6. If the net force acitng on a body is zero, it is possible to find a se of reference frames in which that body has no acceleration. Answer: 1st law =0D 2. Answer these questions about the song A Boy Named Sue 1. Who recorded it in 1969 Answer: Johnny Cash 2. Identify the composer. He is also a well known children's poet. He wrote Where the Sidewalk Ends. Answer: Shel Silverstein 3. Slverstein was inspired by Sue K. Hicks, the assistant prosecutor in this 1925 trial. Hicks was named for his mother who had died while giving birth to him. Answer: Scopes Monkey Trial =0D 3. Identify these French political clubs active during the revolution. 1. It began as a group of moderates in the National Assembly. Following the overthrow of the king it admitted the Montagnards and became more radical. Robespierre was the most prominent member. Answer: Jacobins 2. Composed of well-educated republicans, it dominated the Legislative Assembly. They were preempted by the Jacobins after the overthrow of the king. Many were executed, including Brissot and Vergniaud. Answer: Girondists 3. This group included notables such as the Abbe Sieyes and the Marquis de Lafayette. They favored a constitutional monarchy., Answer: Feuillants =0D 4. Identify the author of these British poems whose titles remind me of Bill Clinton. 1. The Idiot Boy Answer: William Wordsworth 2. The Second Coming Answer: William Butler Yeats 3. The Age of Anxiety Answer: W.H. Auden 4. Strange Fits of Passion I Have Known Answer: William Wordsworth 5. La Belle Dame Sans Merci Answer: John Keats 6. To the Virgins, To Make Much of Time Answer: Robert Herrick =0D 5. Who says nothing is free. Identify these free things. 1. It was formed during Reconstruction to help former slaves. Headed by General Oliver Howard, it provided food, medicine, and education. Answer: Freedmen's Bureau 2. The first engagement of Saratoga, it occured Sept. 19, 1777. Horatio Gates repulsed the forces of John Burgoyne, halting the advance on Albany. Answer: Freeman's Farm 3. Formed by former Whigs and Barnburners in Buffalo in 1848, they nominated Martin Van Buren for president. nas. Free Soil Party =0C6. 30-20-10 Identify the US President. 30- The Curtiss Candy Company introduced the Baby Ruth in 1921. It was named for his daughter. 20- A namesake of this president was a hall of fame pitcher who won 373 career games. The pitcher was portrayed by Ronald Reagan in the 1951 movie The Winning Team=2E 10- He was the 22nd and 24th to serve our country. Answer: Grover Cleveland =0D 7. Answer these questions about the structure of trees. This is a thin layer of tissue between the bark and inner sapwood. Answer: cambium This is a narrow layer of tissue where the carbohydrate-containing sap moves upward and downward. It is sometimes called the inner bark. Answer: phloem This is an amorphous substance which acts as the glue that holds the tree fibers together. Answer: lignin =0D 8. In chemical applications it is often necessary to know the vapor pressure of a substance at a given temperature. One way is to measure the pressure over a range of temperatures. Through the years, several shortcut methods have been developed. Identify these from clues for 15 points each. . 1. One method is to plot the natural log of the vapor pressure versus 1/T for a few points. The result will be a straight line with a slope of negative heat of vaporization divided by the ideal gas constant. The intercept is called B. This equation is named for its two developers. Answer: Clausius-Clayperon 2. Another more common and simpler method is to use an empirical equation that correlates vapor pressure-temperature data. The form is 'the log of the vapor pressure equals A minus B over the sum of temperature plus C' where A, B, and C are constants which can be found in a table. Answer: Antoine equation =0D 9. Answer these questions about works of art that can be found in The Rocky Horror Picture Show. 1. This work by Iowa native Grant Wood is a recurring sub-theme in movie=2E Rif-raf and Columbia frequently strike the famous pose. The actual painting hangs in the foyer. It can be seen when Brad and Janet first enter Frank's castle. Answer: American Gothic 2. This painting hangs in the stairway. The actual painting once resided in the bathroom of Francis I of France. In 1911 it was stolen from the Louvre by an Italian nationalist. Answer: The Mona Lisa 3. During the floor show, the cast jumps in a pool for an underwater orgy. This painting by Michaelangelo graces can be seen on the bottom. Frank probably liked it because he himself gave life to Rocky. Answer: The Creation of Man =0D 11. In tribute to Bill Clinton, answer these questions about Indonesia. 1. The capital, Jakarta, lies on which island. Answer: Java 2. The largest island is Borneo. What other country shares Borneo with Indonesia. Answer: Brunei 3. Which of these seas does not border Indonesia? Banda Sea, Timor Sea, Arafura Sea, Coral Sea, or Celebes Sea. Answer: Coral Sea =0C12. Identify these biblical figures on a 10-5 basis. 10- He is the father of David and is typically represented as the first in the genealogical line that leads to Jesus. 5- He shares his name with the guy whose girl Rick Springfield covets. Answer: Jesse 10- He is the husband of Rebecca and the father of Jacob and Esau. 5- He shares his name with the bartender on the Pacific Princess. Answer: Isaac 10- He is a Midianite priest and the father-in-law of Moses. 5- He shares his name with a dimwitted character from the Beverly Hillbillies. Answer: Jethro 13. Answer these questions about superconductivity. 1. The element with the highest superconductivity transition temperature is #41 with a Tc of 9.2K. Name it for 5 pts Answer: Niobium 2. For 10 pts, identify this scientist from Toronto discovered superconductivity in Niobium as well as the effect bearing his name which states that superconductors achieve diamagnetism when cooled below their transition temperatures. Answer: Walther Meissner 3. These two men shared the 1987 Nobel in physics for their discovery of superconductivity in ceramic oxides. Name them for 5 pts each. Answer: Karl Muller and George Bednorz 4. In 1957 The BCS theory described the mechanism of superconductivity. BCS stands for these three men who shared the 1972 NP. Name them all for 5 pts. Answer: John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and Robert Schreiffer. 14. Identify these popes named Gregory for the stated number of points. For 5 pts, this pope reformed the Julian calendar, establishing the modern one we use today. Answer: Gregory XIII For 5 pts, the pope invented the Gregorian chant. He was also encouraged the spread of monasticism. Answer: Gregory I For 10 pts, this pope ended the Babylonian captivity by moving the papacy from Avignon back to Rome. Answer: Gergory XI For 10 pts, this pope excommunicated Holy Roman emperor Henry IV and forced him to do penance in the snow at Canossa. Answer: Gregory VII =0D 15. FTP, identify the French authors of these works with animals in the title. 1. Rhinoceros Answer: Eugene Ionesco 2. Planet of the Apes Answer: Pierre Boulle 3. The Lark Answer: Jean Anouilh 4. Penguin Island Answer: Anatole France 5. The Afternoon of a Faun Answer: Stephan Mallarme 6. Tiger at the Gates Answer: Jean Giraudoux =0D 16. Identify these Fredericks by number. 1. Emperor of Germany for only 99 days in 1888 before succumbing to throat cancer. Answer: Frederick III 2. Son of Frederick William, he was the first Prussian king. Answer: Frederick I 3. Elector of Saxony, he founded the University of Wittenberg. After the Diet of Worms he provided Martin Luther with a safe haven. Answer: Frederick III 4. He greatly expanded Prussian military influence. He was victorious in the Seven Years War and was a patron of Voltaire. Answer: Frederick II 5. Holy Roman Emperor and grandson of Frederick Barbarossa, he crowned himself king of Jerusalem while on the fifth crusade. Answer: Frederick II 6. King of Denmark, his alliance with Napoleon led to the loss of Norway to Sweden through the 1814 Treaty of Kiel. Answer: Frederick VI =0C17. 30-20-10 American author from works. 30- The People of the Abyss, Before Adam, John Barleycorn 20- Martin Eden, The Iron Heel, The Sea Wolf 10- The Call of the Wild, White Fang Answer: Jack London =0D 18. Give the actual name of the books with these original titles. 1. Twilight by William Faulkner Answer: The Sound and the Fury The Romantic Egoists by Ernest Hemingway Answer: The Sun Also Rises Second Hand Lives by Ayn Rand Answer: The Fountainhead First Impressions by Jane Austen Answer: Pride and Prejudice The High Bouncing Lover by F. Scott Fitzgerald Answer: The Great Gatsby Something That Happened by John Steinbeck Answer: Of Mice and Men =0D 20. Identify these biblical cities on a 15-5 basis. 15 - It was first excavated by Kathleen Kenyon 5 - Kenyon no doubt found evidence that the "walls had come tumbling down" many years earlier. 15- It was first excavated by J.E. Taylor 5- It was the birthplace of Abraham. Answer: Ur =0D 21. Identify these classes of subatomic particles from a description for 10 points or from some examples for 5. 10- Has a baryon # of 0 and is comprised of a combination of a quark and an antiquark. 5- examples are pions, kaons, eta particles, and J psi particles. Answer: mesons 10- These particles are not affected by the strong force. 5- examples are tauons, muons, neutrinos, and electrons Answer: leptons 10- These particles have a 1/2 integral spin. 5- examples are baryons, and leptons Answer: fermions =0D 22. Given a symbol related to Simple Harmonic Motion, identify the physical property it represents. 1. The Greek letter nu. Answer: frequency 2. the capital letter T Answer: period 3. the Greek letter phi Answer: the phase angle=0C