1997 MLK Invitational Questions by Georgia Tech I =0D 1. He was the brother of Perdiccas III. When he was 13, he was taken as a hostage by Thebes and learned about the Theban phalanx and how to fight wars there. In 359BC, his brother Perdiccas III D and he served as regent for his nephew. FTP who in 356BC became King of Macedonia. Answer: Philip II of Macedon =0D 2. It revolves around a woman who depends on war for her personal survival, and who earns her nickname for her coolness in safeguarding her merchandise under enemy fire. One by one, her three children die, yet she continues her profiteering. FTP, what is this chronicle play about the Thirty Years War, written by Bertolt Brecht? Answer: Mother Courage and Her Children =0D 3. These plants generally lack the palisade layer of cells, and have unusually large vacuoles in their leaves as well as non-functional bundle sheath cells. The first discovered CAM plants, their leaves are abnormally thick with a thick cuticle, giving them low transpiration rates. FTP, identify these plants common in arid climates whose members include the cactus. Answer: succulents =0D 4. Give the first or last name of the following persons: The original was an Inca leader who held out against the Spanish conquest well after most of the rest of the empire had been subdued. His name was appropriated 200 years later by an Indian named Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui who led a failed revolt against the Spanish in 1780. Now it is the name of a Revolutionary Movment in Peru. FTP give the first or middle name of a late US rapper Shakur. Answer:Tupac Amaru or Tupac or Amaru =0D 5. His latest film was =FE3 Lives and Only One Death=FE which costarred his daughter Chiara whom he fathered with Catherine Deneuve. He preferred working with European directors, working only with American ones in =FEUsed People=FE and =FEReady To Wear=FE. FTP name this Italian actor who was famous for his work in =FELa Dolce Vita=FE and in =FE8 =AB=FE. Answer: Marcello Mastroianni =0D 7. Their legend probably originated in the Levant in the 2nd millennium BC, and are referred to in the works of Herodotus, Pliny the Elder, and Dante. They were in constant battle with the one-eyed men of Scythia, the Arimasps. They were possibly protectors of Apollo s treasures, and they were a common motif in sanctuary and tomb furnishings. FTP, what are these creatures composed of the head and wings of an eagle but the body of a lion? Answer: Griffin =0D 8. Roy Plunkett had been searching for a method to manufacture a Freon variant that would get around Frigidaire s patent control of refrigerant 114. He hypothesized that he could start with a compound called TFE, or tetrafluoroethylene, and use it to create the variant. What he ended up with, however, was a material that would not react with any of the reagents he had or mix with any liquid available, and was electrically inert. FTP, what was this slick polymer that he discovered? Answer: Teflon =0D 9. A pillar of his community, a civic booster, and a believer in achieving success for its own sake, when his best friend is arrested for shooting his own wife, he begins to question and rebel against some of the values that he has always upheld. FTP, who is this real-estate broker of Zenith whose name is synonomous with adherence to a materialistic, anti-intellectual way of life, the title character of a novel by Sinclair Lewis? Answer: Babbitt =0D 10. His reputation in Europe was such that in 1833 he was elected to the French Academy and to the Royal Academy in Berlin. He was accused by William Cobbett of being inhumane and lacking Christian charity, though his ideas were generally accepted by political economists. FTP, who is this person who argued that positive checks and preventive checks prevented population from exceeding subsistence in his 1798 An Essay on the Principle of Population? Answer: Thomas Robert Malthus =0D 11. They were discovered in 1905 by Nettie Stevens and Edmund Wilson at Columbia University. Morphologically different from other chromosomes, they typically occur in pairs in animals, though abnormal organisms sometimes have more or fewer than two. FTP, identify these chromosomes, called ``X=FE=FE and ``Y=FE=FE in humans, that determine gender. Answer: sex chromosome =0C12. 14. A son of Haran, he migrated with Abraham, his uncle, from Ur to Canaan. When an alliance of four eastern kings kidnapped him, Abraham even pursued the alliance and rescued him. Later, his daughters orchestrate incestuous relationships with him, eventually giving birth to Moab and Ben-Ammi. FTP, identify this man whose wife made the unfortunate choice to look back while fleeing Sodom. Answer: Lot =0D 15. He was executive secretary at the Dumbarton Oaks meeting and at the San Francisco conference that adopted the UN Charter, he was secretary-general. He left gov=FEt in 1946 to take the presidency of the Carnegie Endowment for Int=FEl Peace. FTP who did Whittaker Chambers allege gave him documents to give to the Soviets? Answer: Alger Hiss =0D 17. The Sounds of Silencers, Four Funerals and a Wedding, and Remembrance of Things Slashed are some of the episodes of this cartoon series. FTP, what is this cartoon in a cartoon that you could find Bart and Lisa Simpson often watching? Answer: the Itchy and Scratchy Show =0D 18. Their battle cry Me ne frego , or I don t give a damn , was taken from D Annunzio, and showed their contempt for all authority. The colloquial name of the Action Squads, they were recruited from war veterans, students, and lower-middle-class youth, and received financial support from rich landowners and industrialists who wanted to strike back at trade unions and socialists. FTP, what was this paramilitary Fascist group in Italy which played a decisive role in the rise to power of Mussolini? Answer: Blackshirts (accept Squadre d Azione or Action Squads before it comes up) =0D 19. A girl and her grandfather are forced to leave their home, and roam around the countryside among the beggars after the grandfather loses everything he owns to an obsessive gambler named Daniel Quilp. All along their journey they are helped by many kind people such as Mr. Marton, Mrs. Jarley, and Kit Nubbles; however, even their kindness can not keep the two characters from fading into death. FTP, name this novel by Charles Dickens whose main character is Little Nell. Answer: The Old Curiosity Shop =0D 20. It flows 460 mi. to the US border and then 745 miles to the Pacific Ocean. The river=FEs vast hydroelectric potential is partially harnessed by numerous dams, including the Grand Coulee Dam. FTP, what is this river that rises in British Columbia and forms the border between Washington and Oregon? Answer: Columbia River =0D 21. Serving less than 3 months in 1821, he was the first US territorial governor of Florida. Earlier, in the War of 1812, he captured Pensacola from the Spanish who were harboring British troops there. He also invaded Spanish Florida in 1818 during the First Seminole War and captured Pensacola again. FTP name this President. Answer: Andrew Jackson =0D 22. Just two days after his firty-first birthday, he took cyanide in a Philadelphia hotel room, shocking his colleagues. Originally an instructor at Harvard, he had been hired by the director of DuPont s Chemical department to research polymerization. FTP, who is this scientist that helped establish new theoretical and practical foundations for polymer chemistry, that helped to invent nylon? Answer: Wallace Carothers =0C24. A Zapotec Indian, he became a lawyer before being elected Governor of his native province Oaxaca (o-HAWK-a). When the conservative caudillo, Santa Anna, became President again in 1853, he was exiled to the US. Returning two years later as a Minister of Justice, he tried to bring the Catholic Church under civilian control. FTP, who is this Mexican elected as the first civilian President of Mexico and who led the resistance to Emperor Maximilian? Answer: Benito Juarez =0D 25. When the American Civil War broke out, he feared that he would be drafted, so he dropped out and began wandering around, taking odd jobs. While working in a carriage parts shop in Indianapolis, he was temporarily blinded. This experience so frightened him that when he recovered his eyesight, he resolved never to spend a day that he did not look at nature. FTP, identify this famous naturalist, defender of Hetch-Hetchy Valley and founder of the Sierra Club. Answer: John Muir =0D 26. While an honorary consul to Asian countries, he wrote Residence on Earth. After he was elected a senator, he devoted as much time to politics as he did to his literary career, until his communist ideas forced him into hiding. During his hiding, he wrote an epic poem about the American continent, Canto General. FTP, who is this author of Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair, the winner of the 1971 Nobel Prize in literature? Answer: Pablo Neruda =0D 27. He graduated from Cambridge and was elected to Commons in 1875. He united the Home Rule Party and made it powerful by blocking legislation until Irish demands were met. He visited the US in 1879 and raised money for the Land League and after 6 months in jail, returned to Commons and almost got Irish home rule. FTP, who was this =FEuncrowned king of Ireland=FE whose 1889 affair with the wife of Capt. William O=FEShea ended his career? Answer: Charles Parnell =0D 28. Born in a Roman colony in Spain, his first book Liber spectaculorum, or On the Spectacles, contained more than 30 undistinguished poems. He spent most of his life in Rome, and as a witty man of letters, his friends included Titus, Domitian, Trajan, and Pliny the Younger. FTP, who is this Roman poet that, in 12 books, virtually created the epigram? Answer: Martial =0D 28. =FEIt was a bright cold day in April and the clocks were striking 13=FE is the beginning of this novel that mentions the Thought Police, Newspeak, and big brother=2E FTP name this George Orwell novel. Answer: 1984 =0D 29. This team competition started in 1902 and the major contenders have been the US, Australia, England, Sweden, Germany, & France. In matches, the teams from each country play against other in a meet of four singles & one doubles match. FTP, what is this yearly international mens team tennis competition? Answer: Davis Cup =0D 30. At first he followed the German Gothic tradition of linear unrest and vehemence, but his style gradually gave way to greater breadth and simplicity, and following a trip to Italy, he started to achieve a classic art of great expressiveness. Influenced also by the Reformation, he painted a number of famous religious works and self-portraits, but he is particularly renowned for his numerous woodcuts and engravings. FTP, name this famous German painter and engraver whose Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse is a series of wooduts. Answer: Albrecht Durer =0D =0C1997 MLK Invitational Questions by Georgia Tech I =0D 1. For 10 points each identify the following foreigners involved in the American Revolution: 1. He was given honorary US citizenship for his aid in the victory of Saratoga. FTP, name this Polish-born leader who was appointed colonel of engineers Answer: Thaddeus Kosciusko 2. He organized the first American cavalry unit, but died from wounds sustained during a cavalry charge against the British near Savannah, Georgia Answer: Casimir Pulaski 3. Having served with the Prussian army through the Seven Years War gave him valuable experience. At the request of George Washington he trained the colonial army at Valley Forge Answer: Baron Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben =0D 2. FTP each, identify the sub-viral infectious agents. 1. The smallest known agents of infectious disease, these are single-stranded RNA molecules which lack protein capsids and mRNA activity. Examples include the agent responsible for potato spindle tuber disease. Answer: viroids 2. A protein about 27 kilo-Daltons in length, these infectious agents contain no genomic nucleic acid at all; instead, they use the existing genes in their hosts=FE central nervous system to replicate themselves. Examples include the agents responsible for Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease and ``Mad Cow Disease.=FE=FE Answer: prions (or proteinaceous infectious agents) 3. RNA strands that are found in association with various plant viruses; typically, they make relatively harmless viral infections lethal. The classic case is of these associated with cucumber mosaic virus in tomato plants. Answer: satellite RNAs =0D 3. Identify the muse given a symbol for 10 points or the field for 5 points each: 1. 10:Symbols are tablet and stylus 5:Muse of epic poetry Answer: Calliope 2. 10:A staff pointing to a globe 5:Muse of astronomy Answer: Urania 3. 10:A tragic mask, the club of Heracles and a sword 5:Muse of tragedy Answer: Melpomene =0D 4. Identify the following about the Meiji Restoration 1. For five points, what shogunate did the Meiji Restoration unseat? Answer: Tokugawa 2. For ten points, Meiji was the reign name of this Japanese Emperor Answer: Mitsuhito 3. For 15 points, There were many conservative samurai that could not accept the new ways and in 1877 initiated this rebellion that was crushed and marked the end of military resistance Answer: Satsuma rebellion =0D 6. Answer these questions on The Iliad for 10 points each: 1. Agamemnon took this female from Achilles in order to replace Chryseis, which led Achilles to sit out the war for a time Answer: Briseis 2. While Achilles sat out the war, this =FEdear friend=FE took his place in battle by wearing his armor, but was eventually killed by Hector Answer: Patroclus 3. He exchanged bronze armor for gold with Glaucus. Name this Greek that killed Pandarus and even wounded Aphrodite and Ares Answer: Diomedes =0D 7. Identify the following involved with the world of dance, for ten points each 1. She created the first major American ballet, Rodeo, and brought such techniques to musicals, such as Oklahoma! Answer: Agnes De Mille 2. A Russian impresario and critic, with Michel Fokine he founded the Ballets Russes Answer: Sergei Diaghilev 3. A member of Diaghilev s Ballets Russes, he moved to the US and helped found the School of American Ballet. He also was the artistic director and principal choreographer of the New York City ballet Answer: George Balanchine =0C8. Identify the Beat figures 5-10-15 1. Collaborator with Kurt Cobain on And the =FEPriest=FE They Call Him, he played a priest in the movie Drugstore Cowboy and even starred in a Nike commercial Answer: William S. Burroughs 2. A poet whose work was published in such collections as Tentative Description of a Dinner Given to Promote the Impeachment of President Eisenhower and A Coney Island of the Mind, he is mainly remembered for the City Lights bookstore he ran in San Francisco Answer: Lawrence Ferlinghetti 3. A friend of Jack Kerouac, he published a novel, Go, which was based on Kerouac and Ginsberg. After Go=FEs publication, he wrote an article for the New York Times Magazine entitled =FEThis is the Beat Generation,=FE which introduced the phrase =FEbeat=FE to the public. Answer: John Clellon Holmes =0D 9. Since computer science is a sadly underrepresented part of science, here s our part to rectify that. Identify these very famous computer science problems for ten points each: 1. Formulated in 1852, this mapping problem was supposedly solved in 1976 only with the help of computers Answer: Four Color Map Problem 2. In a given graph, go to every node and return to your starting point with the minimum distance traveled. Answer: Traveling Salesman (or TSP) 3. Originating from a monastery in Tibet, there are three towers or pegs, holding different size rings which must be transferred from one peg to the other, with no larger ring on a smaller ring. Answer: Tower of Hanoi =0D 10. Identify the following about the Pullman Strike: 1. For five points apiece, identify the year and the city the strike took place Answer: 1894, Chicago 2. For 10 points: In spite of protests of the Governor of Illinois, this President had his Attorney General Richard Olney obtain a federal court injunction barring the union from interfering Answer: President Cleveland 3. For 10 points: This was the first time an injunction had been used against a strike, and it became the employers favorite weapon in labor dispute until it was outlawed by this act. Answer: Norris-LaGuardia Act (1932) =0D 11. Identify the following terms from freshman chemistry for five points each: 1. a process or reaction that absorbs heat Answer: Endothermic 2. a positively charged ion Answer: Cation 3. term describing an object that is not superimposable on its mirror image Answer: Chiral 4. a protein that catalyzes a chemical reaction in a living system Answer: Enzyme 5. water induced cleavage of a bond Answer: Hydrolysis 6. a large molecule formed by the repetitive combination of many smaller molecules Answer: Polymer =0D 12. Identify these groups you might see with Kevin Sorbo in Hercules, for ten points each 1. Neighbors of the Centaurs, they had a famous battle with the Centaurs when the Centaurs got drunk at a wedding Answer: Lapiths 2. If Hercules ever goes with the Argonauts, he might see Calais and Zetes defeat these tormentors of Phineus Answer: Harpies 3. With the aid of Ladon, these daughters of Night who lived near the Atlas Mountains guarded the golden apples of Hera Answer: Hesperides =0D 13. Identify the following things that Krusty the Clown probably learned for 10 points each: 1. From the Hebrew for learning, it consists of the text of the Oral Law and a commentary on the Oral Law Answer: Talmud 2. From the Hebrew for traditional lore, it is based on the belief that every word, letter, number, and even accent of the Scriptures contains mysteries Answer: Cabala 3. It is the Written Law of Judaism and is the Hebrew name for the Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible Answer: Torah =0D 14. It s time to go muckraking! Identify the following about the Muckrakers for ten points each. 1. The phrase the man with the Muckrake comes from what book? Answer: Pilgrim s Progress 2. She wrote a sensational and influential revelation of savage competition and exploitation of natural resources in her History of Standard Oil. For five points, name her. Answer: Ida Tarbell 3. For ten points, name the managing editor of McClure s Magazine from 1902-1906 and the works Upbuilders and The Shame of the Cities Answer: Lincoln Steffens=0C15. Name the paintings on 15-10-5 basis: 1. 15pts. The painter shaved his head to force himself to remain in his studio, and worked in the company of corpses to ensure the correct representation of dead bodies 10 pts. The survivors shown in this painting returned to France to tell a horrifying tale of exposure and starvation, avoided only by cannibalism 5 pts A black man waves a rag in the direction of the rescue ship, faintly visible on the horizon in this painting by Theodore Gericault Answer: The Raft of the Medusa 2. 15 pts. Intended for the Centennial Exposition of 1876, the painting was rejected because of its depiction of blood and was later bought for only two-hundred dollars 10 pts. It hangs in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia 5 pts. A surgeon is shown midway through an operation, standing by the patient and among black coated assistants in this painting by Thomas Eakins Answer: The Gross Clinic =0D 16. Given the strait, identify the two countries it separates for five points per country: 1. Skagerrak Answer: Denmark and Norway 2. Straits of Malacca Answer: Indonesia and Malaysia 3. Bab el Mandeb Answer: Ethiopia and Yemen =0D 17. Answer these history questions for 5, 10 and 15 points respectively: 1. In 1920, an attempt to overthrow the Weimar government by Free Corps units near Berlin took place. What was this March Putsch? Answer: Kapp Putsch 2. This President of the Weimar Republic called on the army Chief of Staff to put down the Kapp putsch but was told that troops do not fire on troops . Answer: Friedrich Ebert 3. He was the army Chief of Staff that refused to obey President Ebert s orders that served as Commander-in-Chief of the Germany army from 1920-1926 Answer: General Hans von Seeckt =0D 18. For 5 points each, name the following new members of Clinton=FEs cabinet if all are confirmed (as of 12/21/96): 1. Sec. of Commerce Answer:William Daley 2. Sec. of Defense Answer: William Cohen 3. Sec. of Energy Answer: Federico Pena 4. Sec. of Housing, Urban Devolopment Answer: Andrew Cuomo 5. Sec. of Labor Answer: Alexis Herman 6. Sec. of Transportation Answer: Rodney Slater =0D 19. It s time for a Canterbury Tales bonus! Given a short description of a tale, identify it for ten points each: 1. As punishment for rape the main character has to discovery what women most desire, and an old hag gives him the answer of sovereignty Answer: Wife of Bath s Tale 2. a friar asks a dissatisfied benefactor for more donations and angers him. The friar promises to divide whatever he is given among all twelve members of his chapter, so the man tricks him into accepting a fart Answer: The Summoner s Tale 3. It tells the tale of how three drunken men set out to find and destroy Death after one of their friends has died of plague. An old man directs them to a tree full of gold, where they then kill each other for it Answer: The Pardoner s Tale =0D 20. Identify the amino acids from their single letter code FTP or from their three-letter abbreviation FFP. 1. 10. K 5. Lys Answer: Lysine 2. 10. R 5. Arg Answer: Argenine 3. 10. Q 5. Gln Answer: Glutamine =0D 21. For 10 points each name these 18th century writers: 1. An English writer familiar with Enlightenment ideas, she extended the principles of the Enlightenment to women in her 1792 Vindication of the Rights of Woman Answer: Mary Wollstonecraft 2. Calling torture a criterion fit for a cannibal, this Italian found it an irrational way of determining guilt of innocence in his work On Crimes and Punishment. Answer: Cesare Beccaria 3. In opposition to the Old Regime, he proposed a balanced system of government, and established his ideas in such works as The Spirit of the Laws. Answer: Baron de la Brede et de Montesquieu =0C22. It s time for a superconductivity bonus! Answer these questions for ten points each: 1. Who was the Dutch physicist that discovered superconductivity in 1911, winning the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics? Answer: Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 2. When a superconductor is lowered below its critical temperature, all magnetic fields are expelled from it, making the superconductor a perfect diamagnet. FTP, what is this effect? Answer: Meissner Effect 3. The BCS theory describes the formation of bound two-electron states that act as bosons. FTP, what are these called? Answer: Cooper pairs =0D 23. Identify the person 30-20-10-5 1. His works include Leonardo Da Vinci, and Moses and Monotheism 2. Other works include Totem and Taboo, and The Future of an Illusion 3. Along with Joseph Breur, he developed new methods of free association and dream interpretation and wrote Civilization and its Discontents 4. In 1900, his Interpretaion of Dreams was published Answer: Sigmund Freud =0D 24. Identify these students of Karl Friedrich Gauss, 5-10-15 1. He is known for a one-dimensional figure created by joining the ends of a ribbon after one end has been turned Answer: Moebius 2. A German, his contributions include his work on the theory of functions of complex variables and represneting such functions on coincident planes or sheets, surfaces that are named for him Answer: Riemann 3. Another German, he is best known for a method whereby real numbers can be defined in terms of rational numbers, which is known as his cut Answer: Dedekind =0D 25. Name the characters from Shakespeare s Macbeth, 5-10-15: 1. Along with Macbeth, the other general of King Duncan Answer: Banquo 2. The person untimely ripped from his mother s womb Answer: Macduff 3. The son of Banquo, who escapes being murdered Answer: Fleance =0D 26. Identify these phylums of kingdom animalia for 10 points each: 1. By far the largest animal phylum, with over two million species identified and with estimates of up to ten million, they are segmented animals with paired, jointed appendages on some or all of their body segments Answer: Arthropoda 2. With around forty-five thousand species identified, they are distinguished by the walls of their pharynx, at some stage in their life cycle perforated by gill clefts; a hollow dorsal nerve cord; and an axial cartilaginous rod lying immediately beneath the nerve cord Answer: Chordata 3. In terms of numbers of individuals, they are the most abundant of multicellular animals. They are unsegmented, more or less cylindircal worms and are common parasites Answer: Nematoda =0D =0C28. Given citations of a Physics Nobel Prize, name the recipient on a 10-5 basis 1. 10 pts. for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions=FE 5 pts. He theorized the conservation of strangeness, helped develop the eightfold path, and hypothesized quarks with George Zweig Answer: Murray Gell-Mann 2. 10 pts. for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation=FE 5 pts. This Italian theoretical physicist won the prize in 1938. Answer: Enrico Suave Fermi 3. 10 pts. for his optical precision instruments and the spectroscopic and metrologica investigations carried out with their aid 5 pts. best known for his 1887 experiment with Edward Morley Answer: Albert Michelson =0D 29. For ten points each, given a description, name the Native American leader 1. He became a raider after his own family was killed. He was eventually confined to various reservations but tihs Apache war chief periodically escaped and led several raids against white settlers. Answer: Geronimo 2. He made peace with the US government when it guaranteed him a large reservation free of white settlers. However, following the discovery of gold in the Black Hills he joined with the Arapaho and Cheyenne to fight the invaders. Answer: Sitting Bull 3. He organized a coalition of Indian tribes and led the year long siege of Fort Detroit. He agreed to peace in 1766 but was apparently murdered by a Peoria Warrior in the pay of an English trader. Answer: Pontiac =0D 30. For 10 points each answer these art questions: 1. A museum in 1816 bought these sculptures from Thomas Bruce who had acquired them in Athens between 1801 and 1803. Answer: Elgin Marbles 2. This English romantic poet was so impressed by the the Elgin Marbles that he wrote On Seeing the Elgin Marbles. Answer: John Keats 3. In what museum are the Elgin Marbles housed today? Answer: British Museum=0C