1997 MLK Invitational Questions by Carol #1 =0D 1. His reign saw the last major extensions by conquest of the Roman frontiers, most notably the Dacian Wars and the Eastern War, which resulted in the seizure of Armeniz and northern Mesopotamia. His family was Spanish, but his father had had a distinguished career under Vespasian, thus paving the way for his later adoption by Nerva. FTP, name this "good emperor", succeeded by Hadrian. Answer: Trajan =0D 2. Although it resembles the Hilaria of ancient Rome and the Huli festival of India, this custom is probably of independent origin associated with the vernal equinox's being accompanied by unusual and sudden changes in the weather. A person victimized by it in France is called a fish or poisson d'avril. FTP, what is this day named from the custom of playing practical jokes, which occurs on April 1. Answer: April Fool's Day or All Fool's Day =0D 3. He studied at the University of Kentucky and went on to receive a Ph.D=2E from Johns Hopkins University. He did significant work in experimental embryology and regeneration with a wide vaiety of organisms, but is most widely known for his work in genetics, paritcularly his experiments involving the Drosophila melanogaster. FTP, name this winner of the 1930 Nobel Prize for medicine. Answer: Thomas Hunt Morgan =0D 4. Flora Post, an orphaned, urban young woman with literary aspirations, takes up residence with a slew of eccentric relatives in the country. Her relatives, the Starkadders, live a dismal existence before Flora arrives, allowing their lives to be ruled by the domineering grandmother who lives as a recluse because as a child she "saw something nasty in the woodshed." FTP, name this 1932 comic novel by Stella Gibbons, recently made into a film Answer: Cold Comfort Farm =0D 5. The first ecclesiastical discussion of this religious observance was made at the Council of Toledo in 633. Since the 8th century there have been three kinds, the Roman, the Greek and the Celtic. Rooted in the Christian tradition of avoiding vanity and keeping closely cropped hair, it involves shaving or cutting off of part of the hair. FTP, what is this practice called? Answer: Tonsure =0D 6. This city came into existence in the mid-1600's with the foundation of Da Khure monastery, the residence of the bodgogegen, the third ranking dignitary in the Buddhist- Lamaist religion. Lying on the Tola river, it was called Urga until 1924 when its name was changed to a term meaning "Red Hero" by the occupying Soviet army. FTP, name this capital city of Mongolia. Answer: Ulan Bator =0D 7. Actually a series of treaties, they were so bitterly assailed by the Whigs in England that four of its Tory authors, Bolingbroke, Oxford, Ormonde and Stafford, were impeached. Its provisions included: Spain ceding control of Gibraltar and Minorca to Spain; the Asiento treaty, which gave England a 30 year monopoly on the slave trade; and France ceded to England Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, and St. Kitts. FTP, by what name is this agreement which ended the War of Spanish Succession known? Answer: Treaty of Utrecht =0D 8. At this famous place one can find goats whose udders flow with liquor and a boar which is killed and eaten daily, only to regenerate at night. It has 640 doors and a roof made of shields. FTP, name this hall of slain warrior from Norse mythology. Answer: Valhalla =0D 9. When she complained about a headache at a party, a doctor suggested that it might stem from repressed homosexual tendencies. She replied, "Of course I'm homosexual. And heterosexual too. But what does that have to do with my headache?" Though she acted with the Provincetown Players, her main occupation was poetry, for which she won a Pulitzer Prize in 1928. FTP, name this author of Renascence, who burned her candle "at both ends." Answer: Edna St. Vincent Millay =0D =0D 11. It is divided into two parts by the Strait of Tiquina; its northwest part is known as Lake Chucuito and the southeast part as Lake Uinamarca. Its northeast shore is along the base of the towering Cordillera Rea and it is fed by such rivers as Rio Ramis, Rio Coata, and Rios Huenque. FTP, name this lake located between Peru and Bolivia. Answer: Lake Titicaca=0C12. Encouraged by P. Royer-Dollar, he entered politics and became deputy for the Manche in 1839. Later he served in both the constituent and legislative assemblies of the second republic, and in 1849 he was minister for foreign affairs. After serving a night in jail for protesting the coup of Louis Napoleon, he retired from politics and wrote The Ancien Regime of the Revolution. In 1831, with Gustave de Beaumont, he accepted a commission to examine the prisons and penitentiaries of the U.S., a trip which led him to write his great work Democracy in America. FTP, name him. Answer: Alexis Charles Henri Maurice Clerel de Tocqueville =0D 15. Among the subjects of his sketches and paintings were his cousin Tapie de Celeyran, the singer/songwriter Aristide Bruant, the dancers La Goulue and Jane Averil and the clown Chocolat. In 1886 he settled in Montmarte and gained notoriety for his painting of the halls of the Moulin de la Galette and the Moulin Rouge. FTP, name this artist crippled and deformed at the age of 15. Answer: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec =0D 16. He began his reign by freeing all prisoners of war and restoring goods confiscated from merchants. Under the influence of his wife Khurrem Sultan, known as Roxelana, he had his son, Mustafa, executed, as well as the grand vizier Ibrahim Pasha. In 1521 he marched into Hungary and captured Belgrade, and in 1542 he joined an alliance with Francis I of France against Charles V. FTP, name this Turkish leader, known as the "Lawgiver" and the "Magnificent." Answer: Suleiman I =0D 17. His name means "all thirsty" and had originally been given to a little sea devil in the 15th century myster plays who threw salt into the mouths of drunks to stimulate their thirst. He is born during a drought and is covered in hair and is so strong that even though he is chained to his cradle, he breaks his onds into 500 pieces with a single blow of his fist. FTP, name this "giant" personification of the Renaissance man, creation of Rabelais and son of Gargantua. Answer: Pantagruel =0D 18. They occur because of deviations in Raoult's law leading to a maximum or minimum in the boiling point composition diagram. Upon boiling of a mixture, the maximum and minimum point is reached, at which the two liquids distill together without change in composition. For 10 points, identify this term for a mixture that boils at constant composition, i.e., the composition of the vapour is the same as that of the liquid. Answer: azeotrope (or azeotropic mixture or constant-boiling mixture) =0D 19. This is the last name of aa distinguished English family of geographers whose members, Aaron, Samuel and John executed important maps, manuals of geography, and a biblical atlas. It is also the name of an idealistic doctor, Martin, who drags his wife Leora to an epidemic-ravaged island, where she dies, in a novel by Sinclair Lewis. FTP, what's the common name? Answer: Arrowsmith =0D 20. His interests as a scholar were varied; he published volumes on botany, ornithology, and geology in addition to the scholarship that made him famous. He believed that the greatest picture was one that conveyed to the spectator "the greatest number of great ideas," and he wrote a spirited defense of John Turner on these grounds. His aesthetic sensibility plagued him, though, on his wedding night as he was unable to consumate his marriage because he was offended by the naked body of his new wife. FTP, name this prominent Victorian art critic, author of Modern Painters. Answer: John Ruskin =0D 21. They are closely related to the old world family Agamidae; in fact, the only absolute distinction between them is that the teeth of Agamidae are fused to the crest of the jaw bones, while these lizards's teeth are attached to the inner slope below the crest. Varieties include the earless, zebra-tailed, fringe-toed, collared, spiny, and desert. FTP, identify these lizards common in the southwest. Answer: iguana=0C1997 MLK Invitational Questions by Carol #1 =0D 1. Name these ships famous in American history. a. Pre-revolutionary hostility boiled over in Rhode Island in June 1772 when this British schooner, used to enforce custom duties and catch smugglers, was boarded and burned at Providence. Answer: Gaspee b. The tensions surrounding the impressment of sailors by the British navy which helped lead to the War of 1812 reached a fever pitch in 1807 when the British ship Leopard fired upon this American frigate and seized four of its crew members. Answer: Chesapeake c. U.S. naval Captain Charles Wilkes halted this British mail packet in November 1861 and removed two Confederate commissioners, thus provoking the possibility of British recognition of the Confederacy. Answer: Trent =0D 2. In this bloodthirsty bonus, you'll identify the following vampire facts for 10 pts. each, with a total of 30 points "at stake." a. This word is derived from an Old Slavonic word borrowed from a Greek term meaning "plague carrier." The term is used by Dr. Van Helsing in Bram Stoker's Dracula to describe the undead, but the most famous use of the word is as the title of a 1922 German film. Answer: Nosferatu b. This vampire character was portrayed by Jonathan Frid from 1967-71 on ABC's supernatural soap opera Dark Shadows. Answer: Barnabas Collins c. Though the word "vampire" is never directly used in this Samuel Taylor Coleridge poem, there is little doubt that the villainess Geraldine is undead and preys on the youthful life force of the title character. Answer: Christabel =0D 3. Identify the following science terms for 10 points each. 1. a group of plant hormones responsible for promotion of growth by cell enlargement, the maintenance of apical dominance, and the initiation of root formation in cuttings, which includes indoleacetic acid. Answer: auxins 2. the long threadlike part of a nerve cell which carries the nerve impluse away from the cell body of a neuron. Answer: axon 3. a hypothetical elementary particle postulated to explain why there is no observed CP violation in the strong interaction. Answer: axion =0D 4. For 10 pts. each, identify the following rulers of the Mogol empire. a. The last great Mogul ruler, he helped undermine the empire due to his orthodox Sunni Muslim faith, which led him to deal harshly with Hindus. Answer: Aurangzeb or Mohi-Ud-Din Mohammed or Alamgir b. The greatest of the Mogul emperors, this 16th/17th century ruler was noted for his conciliatory policy toward Hindus, such as abolishing the poll and pilgrim tax on Hindus. Answer: Akbar c. The grandson of Akbar, he was noted for his passion for building, most notably the Taj Mahal at Agra. Answer: Shah Jahan =0D 5. Boom, boom, ain't it great to be crazy? Given the title of a book that deals with some form of mental illness, give the author, 5 pts. each. a. The Loony Bin Trip Answer: Kate Millet b. One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest Answer: Ken Kesey c. The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat Answer: Oliver Sacks d. The Bell Jar Answer: Sylvia Plath e. The Alienist Answer: Caleb Carr f. The Yellow Wallpaper Answer: Charlotte Perkins Gillman =0D 6. "Liempiza de Sangre" was a racial concept which dominated Latin American society up until the 20th century. Terms were used to describe different racial groups. Given a description, provide the term, 10 pts. each. a. This term was applied to the most influential group in colonial Spanish America to whites born in Spain who had migrated to the New World. Answer: Peninsular b. This term was applied to whites of Spanish descent born in the New World, who led the revolutions for independence in the early 19th century. Answer: Creole c. This term was used to describe people of mixed Spanish and Indian blood. Answer: Mestizo =0C7. Identify these terms associated with Islam, 10 pts. each. a. Arabic for "leader in the sense of a "pattern whose example is followed," this title came to refer to the head of the Moslem community. His duty is to be the caliph of the faith. This term later became an honorary titled assigned to such theologians as Abu Hanifa and Ghazali. Answer: Imam b. Arabic for he who is divinely guided, Sunni Muslims believe that he will appear at the end of time to restore justice on earth and establish universal Islam. One pretender to this title briefly captured Khartoum in the 1880's. Answer: Mahdi c. This is the term for circumcision, particularly among Indian Moslems, and it means "the name of God." A helpful hint: this word appears in the Queen song "Bohemian Rhapsody." Answer: Bismillah =0D 8. Identify the following classes of organic compounds on a 15-5 basis, given methods of preparation for 15, or a general formula for 5. 1. 15: dehydration of alcohols, dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides 5: R=3DR' [read: R-double bond-R prime] Answer: \alkenes\ 2. 15: reaction of Grignard reagents with esters, hydroboration-oxidation of alkenes, hydrolysis of alkyl halides 5: ROH Answer: \alcohols\ =0D 9. Identify this European writer, 30-20-15-10. a. In 1873 he completed the enormous drama in ten acts, Emperor and Galilean, based on the career of Julian the Apostate. b. He published his first play, Catilina, in 1850 under the pseudonymn Brynjolf Bjarme. c. His last play, published in December 1899, was When We Dead Awaken. d. Other of his plays include Peer Gynt and An Enemy of the People. Answer: Henrik Johan Ibsen =0D 10. Answer these questions about the Argonauts, 10 pts. each. a. This blind king, whose food was polluted daily by the Harpies, told the Argonauts how to reach Colchis in return for freeing him from the Harpies. Answer: Phineus b. This sorceress and daughter of the king of Colchis assisted Jason in his seizure of the Golden Fleece. Answer: Medea c. The Argonauts remained for several months at this site, which was occupied only by women ho had put to death their fathers, husbands, and brothers. Answer: Lemnos =0D 11. Identify these historical terms associated with money, for the stated number of points a. For 15 pts: These were the paper currency notes issued during the French Revolution on the security of property belonging to the French nation. Answer: Assignats b. For 5 pts: This term was popularly used to describe legal tender notes, unsecured by specie, which were issued by the U.S. government beginning in 1861. Answer: Greenback c. For 10 pt: In England prior to the shift to the decimal system, this was the term for one shilling and one pence. Answer: Guinea =0D 12. For 10 pts. each, answer these questions about the three major river systems of the river plains in India. a. One of the systems rises in the hollow trough beyond the Himalayas into the Punjab and splits into two rivers, the Sutlej and this 1,800 mile long river whose tributaries include the Zaskar, Shigar, and Gilgit. Answer: Indus b. It rises in the Himalayas and flows generally east-southeast until it joins up with another river in Bangladesh. The combined river then continues on to the Bay iof Bengal. This river is sacred to Hindus. Answer: Ganges c. Flowing from the Kilas range of the Himalayas, it jons with the Ganges=2E It is called Yarlung Zanbgo in Tibet. Answer: Brahmaputra =0C13. Some food dishes are called by names which indicate that they contain one particular ingredient. Given such a work, identify the ingredient it always indicates, 5 pts. each, 30 for all 5. a. florentine Answer: spinach b. piccata Answer: lemon c. borscht Answer: beet d. meringue Answer: egg whites e. vichyssoise Answer: potato =0D 14. Name the author given a brief description, 10 pts. each. a. This author, who answered to the name of "John," borrowed from the ideas of Havelock Ellis to create he groundbreaking, controversial noel, The Well of Loneliness. Answer: Radcliffe Hall b. This beloved French novelist wrote a novel titled The Cat, which chronicles the sexual jealousy a young wife feels for her husband's cat, of all things. She is best known for her sensitive depictions of young girls, particularly in her novella Gigi=2E Answer: Collette c. A master of the stream of consciousness technique, she is noted for such works as Orlando and A Room of One's Own. Answer: Virginia Woolf =0D 15. For 10 points each, identify to which of the 5 traditional kingdoms of biological taxonomy (plant, animal, protist, fungi, or monera) the following organisms belong. 1. Escherichia coli Answer: monera 2. Saccharamyces cerevisiae Answer: fungi 3. ginkgo biloba Answer: plant =0D 16. Identify the male dancer/choreographer from a description, 10 pts. each. a. His success in the West transformed standards of male dancing, whether he was in Swan Lake or in a modern piece. A native of the USSR, he became a naturalized Austrian citizen in 1982 and was appointed director of the Paris Opera Ballet in 1983. Answer: Rudolf Nureyev b. His work was wowing audiences in a time when men in ballet were considred to be of little use except as catchers of flying ballerinas. His fame first came when he traveled with Diaghelev's Ballet Russes throughout Europe in 1909. His career ended in 1917 due to mental illness. Answer: Vaslav Nijinky c. Although never a leading man, he danced in several films in the 1950's, including Damn Yankees (with future wife, Gwen Verdon) and Kiss Me, Kate. He became a major force on Broadway, particularly after his daring choreography of Sweet Charity, and he later went on to direct several important films of the 1970's. Answer: Bob Fosse =0D 17. Answer these questions about the life and times of Andrew Jackson. a. For 5 pts. each, give me the first name and last name of the woman who Jackson married, despite the fact she was not legally divorced from her husband. Answer: Rachel Robards (accept Donelson--her maiden name) b. During Jackson's first presidential term harmony of his contentious cabinet was threatened due to a social crisis caused by the refusal of Mrs. John C. Calhoun to associate with the wife of Jackson's secretary of war. FTP, name him. Answer: John H. Eaton c. During the War of 1812 Jackson fought against the Creeks and won a final victory over them at this 1814 battle in east-central Alabama. Answer: Horshoe Bend or Tohopeka =0D 18. Poets aren't always clinically depressed, black turtleneck-wearing latte-swillers. Some poetry is kid's stuff. Given a quotation, name the poet, 10 pts. each. a. "If called by a panther/ Don't anther" Answer: Ogden Nash b. "If I was a bear and a big bear too/ I wouldn't much mind if it froze or snew" Answer: A.A. Milne c. "The Owl and the Pussycat went to sea/ In a beautiful pea-green boat./ They took some honey and plenty of money/ Wrapped up in a 5-pound note. Answer: Edward Lear =0C19. Identify the following American astronomers for 10 points each. 1. this man in 1950 put forward his icy conglomerate model of the cometary nucleus, in which he coined the term "dirty snowball" for the fount of cometary activity. He is also an expert on meteors, but whether he squeezes the Charmin is not known. Answer: Fred Whipple 2. his studies of cepheid variables allowed him to discover that the center of the globular cluster system is far removed from the sun, which meant the sun was near the edge of the galaxy. He also discovered the first two dwarf galaxies. Answer: Harlow Shapley 3. He correctly concluded with Maximilian Wolf that those areas of the Milky Way which appear to be devoid of stars, or "black nebulae," are in fact clouds of obscuring matter. He also discovered Amalthea, the fifth satellite of Jupiter. Answer: Edward Barnard =0D 20. The name Innocent was used by 13 popes and 1 antipope. Given a description of three of the more notable Innocent's, provide their number, 10 pts. each. a. Probably the most significant Innocent (and maybe the most powerful medieval pope), this 12th/13th century pope excommunicated John of England, called the Fourth Crusade, and called the Fourth Lateran Council. Answer: Innocent III or the third b. A saint, this 5th century pope was absent from Rome during its sack by Alaric because he was on a mission to Honorius at Ravenna. Answer: Innocent I or the first c. This 17th century pope found himself at odds with Louis XIV of France, a clash that resulted in the Louis's declaration of Gallican liberties. He also subsidized John Sobieski in his fight against the Turks. Answer: Innocent XI or eleventh=0C