Perpetual Motion IV Questions by Colorado Toss-Ups 1. As president of Commonwealth and Southern Corporation, he opposed the Tennesse Valley Authority and led business opposition to the New Deal. His stand against isolationism, later described in his 1943 book "One World," was influential inchanging Republican views on the matter. FTP, name this man who, with Charles McNary, ran for president in 1940. Answer: Wendell Lewis WILLKIE 2. To some, his 1953 work "The Outsider" was the first American existential novel. It dealt with the alienation blacks feel in white society, a theme which resonates in many of his works including "Eight Men" and the autobiographical "American Hunger." He also wrote a collection of novellas based on the dehumanizing of blacks entitled "Uncle Tom's Children." FTP, name this author of "Black Boy." Answer: Richard WRIGHT 3. This order was founded by a Persian poet in 13th century Anatolia. It seeks spiritual perfection through the ritual dhikr ceremony. Participants wear brown conical hats, black mantles, and white shirts. Slowly rising to music, they discard the mantles and begin to rhythmically revolve. FTP, name these Islamic dancers whose name comes from the ceremony's circular motion. Answer: WHIRLING DERVISHES (Note: Prompt for more on DERVISHES) 4. Founded in Acre in 1189 by German crusaders to nurse the sick, they soon became militarized. Led by Herman von Salza, they were expelled from Hungary in 1225 but were given a new home on the Baltic coast by Conrad of Mazovia in return for a promise to conquer the pagan Prussian tribes. They went further, eventually controlling much of the Eastern Baltic. FTP, name this order whose power declined after the Polish and Lithuanians defeated them in the 1410 battle of Tannenberg. Answer: TEUTONIC KNIGHTS or TEUTONIC ORDER or HOUSE OF THE HOSPITALERS OF SAINT MARY OF THE TEUTONS IN JERUSALEM 5. His design of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado mimics the surrounding peaks with a simplicity and environmental harmony which are his trademarks. Active in urban renewal, his public buildings include the Mile High Center in Denver and the Hyde Park Redevelopment in Chicago. He also designed the El Paso Tower as well as Boston's John Hancock Tower. FTP, name this architect, known for his glass pyramid at the Louvre. Answer: Ieoh Ming PEI 6. A former lobster-tank dinner diver, he has a warranty covering rust, and ankle blowouts. Mapper of sixteen galaxies, he travels in time with special size-eight shoes and communicates with his leader via Scorpio reports. On Earth, he works at the Pine Tree Daycare Center and lives with his wife and son Mearth, played by Johnathan Winters, in Boulder, Colorado. FTP, name this TV character played by Robin Williams. Answer: MORK 7. The generic name for a group of fat-soluble alcohols, it is produced by the reaction of ultraviolet light with ergosterol (UR-go-stare-all), which is converted to cholecalciferol (COAL-cal-siff-ur-all) and ergocalciferol (UR-go-cal-siff-ur-all). Further reactions in the liver change these products into compounds which participate in the absorption of calcium in the blood and formation of bone. FTP, name this compound, a deficiency of which causes rickets. Answer: VITAMIN D 8. He led a group of Indians opposed to the Treaty of Payne's Landing and in 1835 organized the murder of a rival chief and the US Indian agent at Fort King. For the next two years, he fought a guerilla war, taking advantage of the local swampy terrain. He was seized in 1837 under a flag of truce by General Jesup at Saint Augustine and imprisoned. FTP, name this leader of the Seminoles. Answer: OSCEOLA 9. While serving under Emperor Hadrian, he had access to the official Roman libraries. One of his works, "Illustrious Men," contains biographies of Roman poets, orators, and historians and survives only in fragments. His love of gossip and scandal is largely responsible for the decadent picture of Roman life which dominates historical thought. FTP, name this 2nd century A.D. writer best known for his salacious "Lives of the Caesars." Answer: Gaius SUETONIUS Tranquillus 10. As leader of the revolutionary group Katipunan, he signed the treaty of Biac-na-Bato with the Spanish and was exiled. Returning in 1898, he became head of a provisionary republic and renewed hostilities. After the Treaty of Paris, he was again elected president of a proclaimed state. This time he fought the US, in a three-year guerrilla war, that ended when he was captured in 1901. FTP, name this Filipino leader and revolutionary. Answer: Emilio AGUINALDO 11. The book opens under a warm May sunset near the Sandleford warren and tells of an epic journey sparked by a vision of impending doom. On the way, the protagonists are accompanied by Kehaar, a gull who is wise in the ways of men. The novel culminates in the battle where Vervain, Campion, and their leader General Woundwart are defeated by Bigwig, Hazel, and Fiver. FTP, identify this book by Richard Adams. Answer: WATERSHIP DOWN 12. Evidence from canyon walls and pottery show he was a popular symbol in many American tribes. The Zuni saw him as a rain priest and depicted him with a large phallus as part of corn-grinding ceremonies. To the Hopi, he carried babies as well as buckskin for moccasins on his back. Now, he is a ubiquitous figure of Southwestern art. FTP, identify this mythical figure, who appears as a humpback flute player. Answer: KOKOPELLI (or KOKOPELI) 13. The traditional accompaniment to these plays is provided by four instruments and a chorus. The plays are short, consisting of sparse dialogue that frames movement and music, trying to convey a visual metaphor. Some of the best works of this type were composed by Zeami Motokiyo who detailed the principles of the form in 1424 in "The Mirror of the Flower." FTP, name this Japanese theatrical form. Answer: NO or NOH 14. Excessive formation of one type of this protein causes myeloma, a malignant bone marrow tumor. Discovered by Hans Buchner, these are the fraction of blood proteins which contain antibodies. Lack of them cause repeated infections since the host is unable to acquire immunity to infectious diseases. FTP, name this class of blood proteins also called immunoglobulins. Answer: GAMMA GLOBULIN (Note: Prompt if IMMUNOGLOBULIN is answered before you come to it) 15. Fifteen years ago, he was known for his screenplays, including those for "Year of the Dragon," "Conan the Barbarian," and "Midnight Express," for which he won an Oscar. His acting, including roles as a trader in "Wall Street" and a professor in "The Doors" isn't any more notable. But, since 1985 he has been nominated three times for an Oscar, winning twice. FTP, name this director of "Salvador," "Heaven & Earth," and "JFK." Answer: Oliver STONE 16. Supreme court decisions in this case and in "Eisenstadt v. Baird" overturned the Comstock Act of 1873. In dissent, Justice Stewart argued against the creation of constitutional rights. However, the majority opinion, written by Justice Douglas, found that several amendments created secondary rights including the right to a "zone of privacy." FTP, name this 1965 case which struck down a ban on the use of contraceptives. Answer: GRISWOLD V. CONNECTICUT 18. The name's the same. In jewelry, it's a metal neck ring consisting of a looped bar, the ends of which are fashioned into ornamental knobs or hooked together. In physics it is the time derivative of angular momentum as well as the cross product of the force and the lever arm. FTP, what is this six-letter word. Answer: TORQUE 19. This two-word term can describe the result of consumer ignorance. Lack of knowledge about a product leads to the assumption that market price is an indicator of quality. In its original negative form, the phrase identifies ostentatious personal expenditure which satisfies a psychological but no physical need of the buyer. FTP, give this term, introduced in 1899's "The Theory of the Leisure Class" by Thorstein Veblen. Answer: CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION *********************************************** Following are extra toss-ups for ties, parties, whatever. E1. This block of gypsum, quarried near Fort Dodge, Iowa was carved in Chicago and then buried on a New York farm by George Hall. Discovered by well diggers in 1869, it caused quite a stir until paleontologist Othniel Marsh proved that it was not the remains of a 10-foot petrified prehistoric man. FTP, name this fossil hoax, named after the town where it was found. Answer: the CARDIFF GIANT E3. Predicted by general relativity, they can be detected by measuring the small changes they produce in the length of a rod. The 1974 discovery of a binary pulsar allowed scientists to indirectly confirm their existence. These ripples in spacetime are made by the acceleration of any object near a massive body. FTP, name this phenomenon whose detection earned Joseph Taylor and Russell Hulse the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physics. Answer: GRAVITATIONAL WAVES E4. This mineral is similar in composition to rhyolite. When pressurized rhyolitic lavas are forced to the surface, water vapor escapes, increasing the viscosity of the material and impeding crystallization. The result is a disorganized solid which fractures into smooth surfaces with sharp edges. FTP, name this volcanic glass known for its common color, jet-black. . Answer: OBSIDIAN E5. Its counties include Carbon, Fremont, and Goshen and its mountains include the Big Horn and Wind River Ranges - the latter featuring the state's highest point, Gannett Peak. The Continental Divide splits around the Great Divide Basin draining most of the water east to the Missouri, and the rest into the Snake and Green rivers. FTP, name this state whose cities include Thermopolis, Rawlins, and Casper. Answer: WYOMING E6. Sylvia was a pacifist who founded the journal "Worker's Dreadnaught" in 1914. Her sister, Christabel helped found the Women's Social and Political Union in 1903. Their mother, Emmeline was repeatedly jailed for her militant acts against the government and died only a month before women received full voting rights. FTP, give the common surname of these English suffragettes. Answer: PANKHURST E7. His "Biographia Literaria" established him as an important English literary critics. In it, he critiques the poetry of Wordsworth and describes the relationship between nature and the mind, a theme present in his work. These poems include the conversation poem "Frost at Midnight" and the unfinished "Christabel." FTP, name this Romantic and author of the line "In Xanadu did Kubla Khan, a stately pleasure dome decree." Answer: Samuel Taylor COLERIDGE E8. A pupil of Lester Horton with whom he made his 1950 debut, he began choreographing in 1953, including such works as "Blues Suite." In 1958 he formed his own dance company whose signature piece is another of his works - "Revelations," a piece set to American spirituals. FTP, name this alliterative choreographer. Answer: Alvin AILEY E9. The name of this biome comes from the Russian for "little sticks" - a testament to the stunted growth of the conifers which survive its short growing season. Occupying 15% of the Earth's land surface, its lichen-covered swampy ground only supports animals such as moose which can survive the harsh winters. FTP, name this biome which spans the subpolar regions of northern Eurasia and Canada and is also called boreal forest. Answer: TAIGA Perpetual Motion IV Colorado Boni 1. Answer the following question about the geography of Afghanistan. a. (10) This mountain range divides Afghanistan in half, splitting several times in the western part of the country. Name this range with its highest peak at Tirich Mir. Answer: HINDU KUSH b. (10) The most northerly of the passes which connect Afghanistan and Pakistan, it has been the path for multiple invasions of the Indian subcontinent. Answer: KHYBER pass (also accept KHAIBAR pass) c. (10) This river of central Asia flows between Afghanistan and Tajikistan. Like the Syr Darya it drains into the Aral Sea. Answer: AMU DARYA or OXUS 2. Identify the following about the pancreas for the stated number of points a. (10) As an endocrine gland, the pancreas secretes two hormones vital to carbohydrate metabolism in the bloodstream. For 5 points name one, or for ten points name both. Answer: INSULIN and GLUCAGON b. (5) Name the small scattered patches of tissue which secrete insulin and glucagon. Answer: ISLANDS (or ISLETS) of LANGERHANS c. (15) Finally, name the large duct which collects pancreatic juice and empties it into the duodenum where it helps digestion. Answer duct of WIRSUNG 3. Flower people are nothing new. Identify the following characters from myth who left flowers upon their death. a. (5) Son of Cephisus, he pined to death, enamored with his reflection, leaving only the flower named for him. Answer: NARCISSUS b. (10) This beautiful youth was accidentally killed playing quoits with Apollo who resurrected him each year as a spring flower. Name him or the flower. Answer: HYACINTHUS or HYACINTH c. (5) Hyacinthus isn't the only claimant to the hyacinth. The blood spilled upon the suicide of what hero of the Trojan War is also said to have produced the hyacinth. Answer: AJAX (the Greater) d. (10) After being pricked by Cupid's arrow, Venus fell for him. When he was killed by a boar, she changed his blood to the anemone flower. Answer: ADONIS 4. Identify the following poems from their first lines for 10 points each. If you need the poet, you'll only get 5. a. 10: "The sea is calm to-night/The tide is full, the moon lies fair/Upon the straits. 5: Matthew Arnold Answer: DOVER BEACH b. 10: "Whither, midst falling dew/While glow the heavens with the last steps of day/Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue/Thy solitary way?" 5: William Cullen Bryant Answer: TO A WATERFOWL c. 10: "Comrades, leave me here a little, while as yet 't is early morn:/Leave me here, and when you want me, sound upon the bugle-horn." 5: Alfred Lord Tennyson Answer: LOCKSLEY HALL 5. Identify the following related questions about an episode from American history. a. (10) What name is given to the bloodless two-year conflict between the US and Britain over the border between Maine and New Brunswick. Answer: AROOSTOOK War b. (5) Give either of the two years during which the Aroostook War was nominally fought. Answer: 1838 or 1839 c. (5) What President presided over the war. Answer: Martin VAN BUREN d. (10) Which noted general did Van Buren send to Augusta to help keep the peace. Answer: Winfield SCOTT 6. While you may have the work of every classical composer memorized, lets see how much you know about music itself. Answer the following for the stated number of points. a. (5) You're playing a piece written in the key of E major. How many sharps or flats are in the key signature? Answer: 4 SHARPS b. (5) What frequency, in Hertz, is the canonical A to which modern orchestras tune? Answer: 440 Hertz c. (10) What name, from the Italian "to rob," is given to the rhythmic variations a performer makes, by stretching some phrases and contracting others, while playing a piece. Answer: RUBATO d. (10) What name is given to notes such as F-sharp and G-flat which sound the same but which have the same tone. Answer: ENHARMONICS 7. Answer the following questions concerning the life of Ivan the Terrible. a. (10) Orphaned at 8, Ivan saw Russia engulfed by civil war between factions of of the Russian aristocracy commonly given what name? Answer: BOYARS or BOYARE b. (10) At Ivan's death, he had only one heir, an infirm son whose death in 1598 signalled the end of Ivan's dynasty. For 5 points each, name both Ivan's son and the house which ended at his death. Answer: FYODOR and RURIK, respectively c. (10) The major military concern of Ivan's reign was a 24-year war with Poland and Sweden over present day Latvia and Estonia. Name this war which ended in a stalemate. Answer: LIVONIAN War 8. Identify the authors of the following pieces of American literature. As a hint, each of the authors was a member of the Algonguin Round Table. a. (5) With Moss Hart, the play "You Can't Take It With You" Answer: George Simon KAUFMAN b. (10) "The Petrified Forest" and the film "The Best Years of Our Lives" Answer: Robert SHERWOOD c. (15) He wrote "While Rome Burns" and played the title role in Kaufman and Hart's play "The Man Who Came To Dinner." Answer: Alexander Humphreys WOOLLCOTT 9. Let's see how much you know about naked-eye astronomy. Answer the following questions for the stated number of points. a. (10) What phase must the Moon be at for a solar eclipse to occur. Answer: _NEW_ moon b. (10) The path of the Sun and planets follows a great circle in the sky through the constellation of the Zodiac. Name it Answer: _ECLIPTIC_ c. (10) Finally, the ecliptic and the celestial equator, the projection of the Earth's equator onto the sky, meet at two points. Name them. Answer: _EQUINOXES_ (Accept Vertal and Autumnal Equinoxes) 10. Now for something off the beaten track - answer the following questions from Indonesian history for the stated number of points. a. (5) When Indonesia was Dutch territory, its capital was at the site of present-day Jakarta, yet had a different name. For five points, give it. Answer: BATAVIA b. (10) Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies from 1636-45, he gave the Dutch a spice monopoly in the region. He is better known for discovering Tasmania, along with Abel Tasman and Frans Visscher. Name him. Answer: Anthony VAN DIEMEN c. (15) In 1641 while governor-general, Van Diemen seized a key Portugese port in present-day Malaysia which solidified the trade route from India to China. Name it. Answer: MELAKA or MALACCA 11. Identify the artist from lesser works for 15 points each. You will receive five points if you need two of the artist's more famous works. a. 15: "Napoleon Distributing the Eagles" 5: "Oath of the Horatii," "Death of Marat" Answer: Jacques-Louis DAVID b. 15: "Self Portrait as the Apostle Paul" 5: "Night Watch," "Aristotle Contemplating the Bust of Homer" Answer: REMBRANDT van Rijn 13. You probably had to read part of it in high school, so lets see how much you remember about that Old English favorite, "Beowulf." a. (10) Beowulf first appearance is at the mead hall of a Danish king who has been ravaged by Grendel. For five points each, name the king and the mead hall. Answer: HROTHGAR & HEOROT, respectively b. (10) When Beowulf returns from defeating Grendel, he is greeted by this king who soon dies with his son, leaving Beowulf on the throne. Name this king. Answer: HYGELAC c. (10) In his old age, King Beowulf fights a dragon to the death, abandoned by all but his young kinsman. Name the loyal kinsman. Answer: WIGLAF 14. Identify the following archeological sites for ten points apiece. a. This ancient fortress city of the Incas, found in southern Peru was rediscovered in 1911 by Hiram Bingham. Answer: MACHU PICCHU b. The remains of the largest city of Indus civilization, it is found in Pakistan and its name means "mounds of the dead." Answer: MOHENJO-DARO c. In the Bible it was Sela, the city is built on a terrace inside the Valley of Moses. Rediscovered in 1812, it is currently found in Jordan. Answer: PETRA 15. Francois Mitterand died recently. Identify the following facts from his career for the stated number of points. a. (5) Mitterand became the first socialist President of France when he won election to that office in what year. Answer: 1981 b. (10) What incumbent President did Mitterand unseat in the 1981 election. Answer: Valery GISCARD D'ESTAING c. (15) She was prime minister under Mitterand for less than a year in 1991-92, but was the first woman to hold the position in French history. Name her. Answer: Edith CRESSON 16. Answer the following related literature questions for the stated number of points. a. (5) A form of personification, this poetic practice gives human emotions to nature, animals, and inanimate objects. Examples are "cruel winds" and "happy larks." Name it. Answer: PATHETIC FALLACY b. (10) The term pathetic fallacy was coined by what critic in his 1860 work "Modern Painters." Answer: John RUSKIN c. (15) These successors to the French Symbolists, were poets who sought analogy with sculpture and frequently used the pathetic fallacy. Their ranks included Ezra Pound before he turned to Vorticism and Hilda Doolittle while their work influenced T.S. Eliot. Name them. Answer: IMAGISTS (accept IMAGISM) 17. Answer the following questions about the Whiskey Ring for the stated number of points. a. (5) First, during whose Presidency was the Whiskey Ring dissolved. Answer: Ulysses Simpson GRANT b. (10) This man, the first solicitor general of the US, and Secretary of the Treasury from 1874-6 successfully prosecuted the Ring. Name him. Answer: Benjamin Helm BRISTOW c. (15) Although President Grant escaped implication, his personal secretary was indicted but later acquitted. Name him. Answer: Orville E. BABCOCK 18. Given a few works, identify the Islamic authors for the stated number of points. a. (5) "The Cairo Trilogy" (1956-57), "The Thief and the Dogs" (1961) Answer: Naguib MAHFOUZ b. (10) "Nymphs of the Valley" (1910), "Sand and Foam" (1926) Answer: Khalil GIBRAN c. (15) "Travels" (circa 1355) - a journal of the 75,000 miles he travelled during his life. Answer: IBN BATTUTAH 19. Let's see how much you know about the chemistry of that ubiquitous substance - water. a. (10) Ice and steam are both less dense than water. Within 2 degrees Celsius, at what temperature is water densest. Answer: +4 deg C (take 2-6) b. (10) Water can behave as a both an acid (a proton donor) and a base (a proton acceptor). What name is given to such substances. Answer: AMPHOTERES or AMPHOTERIC c. (10) As an amphotere, water can autoionize and produce OH minus and H3O plus ions. For five points each, what names are given to these two ions. Answer: HYDROXIDE and HYDRONIUM ions, respectively 20. Identify the following from economic theory for ten points each. a. (10) The additional satisfaction that a consumer derives from buying an additional unit of a commodity. Answer: MARGINAL UTILITY b. (10) In rational choice theory, these graphs plot the quantities of two goods and a curve demonstrating equal satisfaction on the consumer's part - any point on the curve is equivalent from the consumer's point of view. Answer: INDIFFERENCE curves c. (10) What name is given to the average slope between two points on an indifference curve? It indicates the proportion at which a consumer is willing to exchange one quantity for another. Answer: MARGINAL RATE OF SUBSTITUTION ************************************************* And these are your extra bonuses. 21. Answer the following questions from American history for the stated number of points. a. (10) Founded in Cleveland, Ohio in 1874 and abbreviated WCTU this organization employed educational, social, and political methods to fight the consumption of alcohol. For five points a word, name it. Answer: WOMAN'S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION b. (20) This spokesperson for women's rights founded the Woman's Christian Temperance Union and became a leader of the Prohibition Party. Name her. Answer: Frances Elizabeth Caroline WILLARD 22. Everybody loves a good accordion bonus. Unfortunately, I couldn't write one, so you'll have to settle for the next best thing - music from the accordion master himself "Weird Al" Yankovic. Given a parody title, name the song and the singer or group being parodied for 5 points each. a. (10) Achy Breaky Song Answer: ACHY BREAKY HEART by Billy Ray CYRUS b. (10) My Bologna Answer: MY SHARONA by THE KNACK c. (10) I Want A New Duck Answer: I WANT A NEW DRUG by HUEY LEWIS & THE NEWS 23. The format of this 30-20-10-5-1 on religion is a little different - each clue does NOT refer to the same answer. Instead, the 30 point clue is a hard question, the 20 a slightly easier one about a different subject, etc. You can guess after each clue and the bonus stops when you get one right. 30: This religious cult developed from traditions of the Yoruba people. Saints known as orishas, often borrowed from Christianity, embody forces of nature. It is found in the Caribbean and southern US. Answer: SANTERIA 20: The modern form of the traditional pagan religions of Northern Europe, specifically Norse Paganism, its name means "true to the Aesir." Answer: ASATRU 10: Members of this sect believe blacks are the Israelites reincarnate and worship Haile Selassie as the Messiah. Answer: RASTAFARIAN 5: This religion was founded by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard in 1954. Answer: SCIENTOLOGY 24. Answer the following related social science questions for the stated number of points. a. (5) What name is given to the study of signs and sign-using behavior. Answer: SEMIOTICS or SEMIOLOGY b. (10) This Italian has written "A Theory of Semiotics" but is better known for his best-selling murder mystery set in a 14th-century monastery. Answer: Umberto ECO 25. Now to see how much attention you paid to Saturday-morning cartoons. I will list seven Looney Tunes characters and six cartoon titles. Match the character with the cartoon they appeared in - note that one character will not be used. Characters: Foghorn Leghorn, Gossamer, Marvin the Martian, Pepe LePew, Road Runner, Sam Sheepdog, Witch Hazel Cartoons: "Boulder Wham," "Broomstick Bunny," "The Cats' Bah," "Double or Mutton," "Fox Terror," "Water, Water, Every Hare" Answer: "BOULDER" - ROADRUNNER "BROOMSTICK" - WITCH HAZEL "CAT'S BAH" - PEPE LE PEW "DOUBLE" - SAM SHEEPDOG "FOX" - FOGHORN "WATER" - GOSSAMER