Tossups T1. They were six in number and served for thirty years. In return for their services, they received many privileges, including emancipation from their father's tutelage. Representing the daughters of the royal Roman household, they were forbidden to marry during their time of service, and if they violated chastity, they were buried alive. FTP, name these attendants of the Roman goddess of the hearth. Ans: Vestal Virgins T2. The disaster of war with the North American colonies and the controversy over John Wilkes made his government unpopular. Opposition forced his resignation, whereupon he formed a coalition with his former opponent, the Whig leader Charles James Fox, against the government of William Pitt the Younger. FTP, identify the British Prime Minister credited with provooking the colonies to revolt as a result of his repressive legislation. Ans: Lord Frederick North T3. He was born in Fort Pitt, and he died in a quarrel. In between that time he achieved enough fame as a marksman, scout, and rough-and-ready fighter to stay an American legend for years to come. FTP, who was, until he died in 1823, the "king of the keelboatmen?" Ans.: Mike Fink T4. Officially called the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, this economic conference convened in July of 1994 to discuss Post-World-War-II finances. It is commonly named, however, after the New Hampshire town where it was held. FTP, what is this birthplace of the International Monetary Fund? Ans.: Breton Woods Conference T5. In "Ode to the West Wind," Percy Shelley compares the "locks of the approaching storm to the "bright hair uplifted from the head of some fierce" one of these women, worshippers of Dionysus and participants with the satyrs in orgiastic religious rituals. FTP, identify these women, often clothed in animal skins. Ans: Maenads T6. They're both in the Hall of Fame. Paul won three batting titles with the Pittsburgh Pirates, hit 62 doubles in 1932, and reached the 3000 hit plateau before the end of his career. His brother, Lloyd, hit safely 234 times in 1929. FTP, name these two sluggers, nicknamed "Big Poison," and "Little Poison" respectively. Ans: Paul and Lloyd Waner T7. He fled to Palestine in 1905 during a Russian pogrom, and fought alongside the British during World War I. After the war he continued in Palestine as head of the Labor Party, and organized the Haganahas an underground fighting forceto aid in the creation of a Jewish State. FTP, name this Israeli Prime Minister who held office almost continuously from 1948-1963. Ans: David Ben-Gurion T8. Referred to in classical writings as the Orcades, these islands are home to an underground village from the Neolithic period known as Skara Brae. In 1472, the isles were ceded, along with the Shetlands, to Scotland instead of a dowry when Margaret of Denmark married James III. FTP, what are these isles just north of the Pentland Firth? Ans.: the Orkneys T9. The borough of this name is in the county of Warwickshire. The school was founded in 1567, and in 1857 was the setting of Tom Brown's School Days. The sport was born here in 1823 when a student picked up a soccer ball and ran with it in the middle of a game. FTP, what is the name shared by the district, the English school, and the variety of football? Ans.: rugby T10. His bones were burned and the ashes scattered so they could not be used as relics by his followers. Although he was never condemned during his lifetime, in 1415 the Council of Constance declared him a heretic. He questioned papal supremacy, clerical wealth, and the intercession of saints. FTP, name this Oxford theologian whose followers were known as Lollards. Ans: John Wycliff T11. He was from the generation of chess greats such as Steinetz, Pillsbury, and Tarrasch. One of the great pragmatisits of the game, he also contributed to algebraic theory, wrote two books of serious philosophy, and played the violin and dicussed physics with Albert Einstein. FTP, name this chess great, a Berliner who dominated as world champion for about twenty years until Capablanca wrested the title from him. Ans: Dr. Emanuel Lasker T12. Rutherford used these naturally-occurring particles to investigate the nature of the atomic nucleus in his famous experiment. They are really not single particles, but nucleon quartets, but what name is commonly given to fast-moving Helium nuclei? Ans.: alpha particles or alpha rays T13. Directed by Roland Joffe, this 1986 British film won an Oscar for Chris Menges' cinematography. Starring Jeremy Irons as Father Gabriel, and Robert De Niro as Roderigo, FTP what is this film set where Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina meet? Ans.: The Mission T14. He participated in the revolution of 1911 that overthrew the Manchu dynasty, and became a military aide to revolutionary leader, Sun Yat-sen. In 1925, upon Sun's death, he succeeded to the leadership of the Nationalist Party. FTP, name this Generalissimo who precipitated a long civil war with his massacre of communist leaders in 1927. Ans: Chiang Kai-shek T15. The non-Christian poet Yeats called this work one of "the sacred books of the world," while the Christian critic C. S. Lewis found in it poetic powers matched only by Dante. It includes such characters as Ione, Panthea, Asia, and Demogorgon, and is subtitled "A Lyrical Drama in Four Acts. FTP, identify this work of Percy Shelley, based on an earlier work of Aeschylus. Ans: Promethius Unbound T16. They state that first, the suspected microorganism must be found rountiely win hosts with the disease; second, the microorganism must be isolated from the host and grown in pure culture; third, when microbes from the pure culture are inoculated into a healthy, susceptible host, they must be able to cause the same disease; and fourth, that the microorganism must next be recovered from the experimental host. FTP, identify these postulates, named for the German winner of the 1905 Nobel Prize for Medicine. Ans: Koch's Postulates T17. Leo Tolstoy called this writer's first novel, Une Vie, the "best French novel since Les Miserables." He was prouder of his sexual prowess than his writings, however, which proved to be his downfall, as he died of syphillis in 1893. An associate of Flaubert and Zola, he is best known today as a master of the short story. FTP, name this author of "The Necklace" Ans: Guy de Maupassant T18. This company puts out the Flying Apparatus Catalogue, in which you can find such publications as Watercolor for the Artistically Undiscovered, The Official Koosh Book, The Aerobie Book, and Country and Blues Harmonica for the Musically Hopeless. FTP, identify this Palo Alto based company which takes its name from the type of person which might buy its books on yo-yos and juggling. Ans: Klutz Press T19. A striking example of this form of genetic drift is the British colony on Tristan da Cunha, a remote island group in the Atlantic. In 1814, a group of 15 colonists landed there, one of them carrying the recessive allele for retinitis pigmentosa, a rare form of progressive blindness. By the 1960's, of the 240 surviving descendants, 4 had retinitis pigmentitis and 9 others were carriers, a frequency much higher than the general population. FTP, identify this effect, by which the frequency of rare alleles may be enhanced in new populations. Ans: Founder effect or principle T20. For a solid sphere about any diameter, it is two M R squared over 5. For a thin ring about a cylindrical axis it is just M R squared. For a solid cylinder about the cylinder axis it is M R squared over 2. FTP, identify this important physical quantity, defined as the integral of r squared dm. Ans: Rotational inertia or moment of inertia Bonuses: B1. 30-20-10 Name the poet from his works. 30 points: The Forerunner; Sand and Foam 20 points: The Earth Gods; Jesus the Son of Man 10 points: The Wanderer; The Prophet Ans.: Kalhlil Gibran B2. (30) We're all familiar with Machiavellian ethics in this world, but how familiar are we with their source? a. For 5 points, what is the name of Machiavelli's famous work? Ans.: The Prince b. For ten points, to whom was the work dedicated? Ans: Lorenzo de' Medici c. And for 15 points, within fifteen years, when was The Prince written? Ans.: 1513 B3. (30) For ten points each, given an organic compound, identify the functional group attached to the main carbon chain. If you need the empirical formula of the functional group, you will get five points. 10) Ethanol 5) R-OH Ans: Hydroxyl 10) Acetic Acid 5) R-COOH Ans: Carboxyl 10) Acetone 5) R-CO-R prime Ans: Carbonyl B4. (25) We've recently seen how much damage earthquakes can do. But how much do you know about the theory of earthquakes? Here are questions to shake you up: a. For 5 points each, what are the three kinds of seismic waves? Ans.: P waves (or primary waves), S waves (or secondary waves) and surface waves b. For 5 more points, what type of wave is a P wave? Ans.: compressional c. And for the final 5, what type of wave is an S wave? Ans.: shear B5. (20) Galileo may get credit for discovering them, but Simon Marius bestowed the names. For 5 points each, name the Moon of Jupiter from these clues: a. Named for Jupiter's cupbearer, it is the largest and heaviest of Jupiter's moons. It seems to have an icy surface, scarred and scored with grooves. Ans.: Ganymede b. This moon is the second heaviest and second largest. It has very few features except for craters upon craters upon craters. Ans.: Callisto c. The smallest of the Galilean moons, it shows almost no craters at all on its slick, icy surface. Its surface is the smoothest of all the known solid satellites, the highest ridges only rising a few hundred meters from the surface. Ans.: Europa d. The closest and densest of the four major moons, it appears reddish-orange due to sulfur compounds staining the surface. It is the most tectonically active known moon, with nine volcanoes going when Voyager flew by. Ans.: Io B6. (20) Speaking of volcanoes, here's a classic question: for five points each and a bonus for all three, what towns were buried in 79 A.D. by Mount Vesuvius? Ans.: Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabiae B7. (30) It's time for that perennial favorite, the flag question. The theme of the day is stripe switcharoo. For ten points each, name the country whose flag results from switching two stripes on another flag. If you need the flag to show its colors, you get five. Ready? a. (10) Take Ethiopia's flag, and switch the top two stripes. (5) Yellow, green, and red. Ans.: Lithuania b. (10) Now switch the top two stripes of Russia's flag. (5) Blue, white, and red. Ans.: Yugoslavia c. (10) Finally, Take Germany's flag, switch the top two stripes, and rotate it counterclockwise ninety degrees. (5) Black, yellow, and red. Ans.: Belgium B8. (30) I spy a really stupid question about eye parts. For ten points each, name from the description all the things your ophthalmologist never told you about: a. The jelly-like substance, mostly water and collagen, which fills the central part of the eye. Ans.: Vitreous humor b. The central focus point on the retina where vision is most distinct. Ans.: fovea c. The cavity between the cornea and the lens, filled with aqueous humor, and drained by the canal of Schleem Ans.: anterior chamber B9. (30) Name the operas from characters a. Tonio, Nedda, Canio Ans: I Pagliacci b. Santuzza, Turiddu Ans: Cavalleria Rusticana c. Amfortas, Kundry, Gurnemanz Ans: Parsifal B10. (30) "How did this tradition get started? I'll tell you. I don't know." But if you do know these facts about Fiddler on the Roof, you too can be a rich man--thirty points richer. a. For 5 points each, name the lyricist and composer who collaborated to make this musical. Ans.: Sheldon Harnick and Jerry Bock b. Like so many Broadway musicals, the storyline is not a new one. Joseph Stein based his book on a Yiddish novella. For five points each, give both the title and the author of the original story. Ans.: Tevye the Dairyman by Sholem Aleichem or Sholem Rabinovich c. The two Tevyes are not exactly the same, however. For 5 points, how many daughters does the musical's Tevye have? Ans.: five d. And for 5 more, how many daughters does the novella's Tevye have? Ans.: seven B11. (30) Everyone recognizes 1776 as the (official) start of the American Revolution, but 1676 marks the end of a less known, earlier American revolution. Answer these questions about Bacon's rebellion: a. For 5 points, give Bacon's first name. Ans.: Nathaniel b. For 5 more, give the name of the Indian tribe Bacon's followers attacked, setting off the rebellion. Ans.: Doeg c. After Bacon died of dysentery, Virginia's governor executed 23 of the rebels. For 10 points, name him. Ans.: William Berkeley d. And for 10 more points, name the legislative faction of wealthy landholders he supported. Ans.: the Green Spring faction B12. (25) Mandy Patinkin and Bernadette Peters--aficionados of the Broadway musical may be familiar with these names, noting especially the former's recent appearance in The Secret Garden. a. For 10 points, in what Sondheim musical did they play opposite? Ans.: Sunday in the Park with George b. For 10 more, In what movie did the both play supporting roles, he as Eugene Delacroix and she as George Sand's rival for Chopin's affections? Ans.: Impromptu c. And for a 5 point after thought, name one of Patinkin's last two CD's. Ans.: Dress Casual or Experiment B13. (30) "The rhythm of life has a powerful beat..." but how much do you know about the rhythm of death? In early rural America, three months of the year stand out for high death rates. For 10 points each, name them. Ans.: September, January, and February B14. 25-10 Name the author from her works. (25) A Humble Romance; A New England Nun and Other Stories. (10) The Portion of Labor; Pembroke. Ans.: Mary E. Freeman B15. (30) Medieval Christians recognized nine orders of angels: three for the contemplation and adoration of God, three for the administration of the natural order of things, and three to look over human affairs. For five points each, name any six of these nine. Ans.: Seraphim, Cherubim, Thrones, Dominions, Virtues, Powers, Principalities, Archangels, and Angels B16. (20) Time to test your knowledge of numerical literacy. Given the name of the number, tell me F5P each the number of zeros it has (American terminology, please!) a. (5) quintillion Ans.: 18 b. (5) decillion Ans.: 33 c. (5) sextillion Ans.: 21 d. And for an additional five, in what poem does Walt whitman use all three of these numbers? Ans.: Song of Myself B17. (20) The word biscuit comes to us from the French, literally meaning "twice cooked." There are two other terms meaning the same which have immigrated into our cookbooks. For ten points each, give the Italian and German equivalents. Ans.: biscotti and zwieback B18. (30) For ten points each, name the geologic age from the period it spans for ten points each. I'll give you five points if you need the origin of the name. 10) 136 to 65 million years ago 5) From Latin for "chalk" Ans: Cretaceous 10) 193 to 136 million years ago 5) From the name of a mountain range in France and Switzerland Ans: Jurassic 10) 345 to 280 million years ago 5) From the Latin for "coal bearing" Ans: Carboniferous B19. (20)After Jerusalem, it was the de facto headquarters of the early Christian church. The virgin-Mary is said to have lived her last days here and John the Revelator received the Book of-Revelations not far off the coast from this city. For twenty points, what is this city of Asia-Minor? Ans: Ephesus B20. (30) For ten points each given a quote, identify the speaker. Hint: all speakers gave the quote while they were presidents of the United States. a. "The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is, in extending our commercial-relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible." Ans: George Washington b. "A bank of the United States is in many respects convenient for the government and useful to-the people . . . [however] I sincerely regret that in the act before me I can preceive none of-those modifications of the bank charter which are necessary . . . to make it comapatible with-justice . . . or with the constitution of our country." Ans: Andrew Jackson c. "The United States has received from the Greek government an urgant appeal for financial-and economic assistance . . . I do not believe that the American people and the Congress wish-to turn a deaf ear to the appeal of the Greek government." Ans: Harry Truman