Northside Tournament Toss-Up Changes:

Round 1:

1. You may know that Charles Lamb wrote his essays under the pen name Elia, but for 10 points, under what pen name did Hamilton, Madison, and Jay publish their essays entitled The Federalist Papers?

Answer: Publius

2. The 19th century Central American literary figure Ruben Dario was a native of what nation with its capital at Managua?

Answer: Nicaragua

3. For 10 points, what is the measure of an angle whose cosine is 1/2?

Answer: 60 degrees or pi over 3

4. Based on a plot by August Ferdinand Mariette, it was first performed in 1871.  It tells the story of an Ethiopian slave girl who falls in love with the young warrior Radames.  For 10 points, identify this opera by Verdi set in Egypt.

Answer: Aida

5. In chemistry, the shape of molecules is sometimes described by that of the polyhedron that would encase the outer atoms.  For 10 points, the shape of methane is desribed by what four-faced polyhedron?

Answer: tetrahedron

6. They were in large part incorporated into the Atlantic Charter, but were first expressed in the 1941 State of the Union address to Congress. For 10 points, what is this group of fundamental human rights expressed by Franklin Roosevelt?

Answer: Four Freedoms

7. For 10 points, what term is applied in geometry to that part of a cone between its base and a section parallel to the base?

Answer: frustrum

8. As to the end of the world, he stated his preference in the following lines: "Some say the world will end in fire,/Some say in ice/From what I tasted of desire/I hold with those who favor fire".  For 10 points, identify this poet of "Fire and Ice" who won the 1923 Pulitzer Prize for his poetry collection, New Hampshire/

Answer: Robert Frost

9. It's name is derived from a traditional African word for "River" and indeed, the name it has held since 1971 comes from an alternate for its largest river.  It is borderd by Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Angola, the Congo, and the Central African Republic.  For 10 points what is this nation with its capital at Kinshasa?

Answer: Zaire

10. In mathematics, it is a real or complex number that satisfies the conditions of an equation. In botany, it is that part of a plant that is consumed when a carrot is eaten.  For 10 points, what is the common word?

Answer: root

11. The most profound triumph of career came in 1788, the year he composed his last three symphonies.  For 10 points, identify this 18th century Austrian whose fame was made with these 39th, 40th, and 41st symphonies.

Answer: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

12. It was advanced in 1947 at an address to Harvard and resulted in the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to a general.  For 10 points, what name is normally given to America's European Recovery Program following the Second World War.

Answer: Marshall Plan

13. They are the mediators of the electromagnetic force and the energy of any individual on can be obtained from the product of its frequency with Planck's constant.  For 10 points, what are these fundamental particles which constitute light?

Answer: photons

14. He was born to parents of German and Scottish lineage and lived on a California estate until he was abducted and taken to the Klondike.  Eventually, he escapes from his captors and lives a life of freedom.  For 10 points, identify this animal, the central figure in Jack London's The Call of the Wild.

Answer: Buck

15. Born in Crete in 1541, he is noted for his usually religious paintings with elongated figures that were typical of his mannerist style.  For 10 points, identify this pupil of Titian whose works include "The Annunciation", "Toledo in the Storm", and "The Burial of the Count Orgaz".

Answer: El Greco or Domenikos Theotokopulis

16. The only son of Mary Queen of Scots, he succeeded his mother at the tender age of fifteen months.  When his mother was executed, he merely protested, as he was anxious to succeed the childless Elizabeth to the English throne.  His patience paid off and in 1603, he became king of England.  For 10 points, identify this first Stuart monarch.

Answer: James I (or James VI of Scotland)