Boston Summer Open Round 3 Questions by Guy and Carol, et al TOSSUPS 1. A captain in the Spanish army in Morocco, he also fought under George Washington. A friend of Catherine the Great, he enlisted with the revolutionists in France. Napoleon had his name inscribed on the Arc de Triumphe. His primary goal, however, was the liberation of South America from Spain. For 10 points, what Venezuelan was called "The Precursor" because his revolutionary plans paved the way for the liberation movement of Bolivar? answer: Francisco _MIRANDA_ 2. Danny Thomas is an alcoholic. Joey Morphy is a banker's assistant. Margie Young-Hunt is a wealthy divorcee. Alfio Marullo is a grocery store owner who employs Ethan Allen Hawley, the central character of a novel about the decline of American moral standards. For 10 points, name this work by John Steinbeck, which takes its title from the opening line of Shakespeare's Richard the Third. answer: The _ WINTER OF OUR DISCONTENT_ 3. In 1982 she was menaced by giant slugs in "Parasite," a feature billed as "the first futuristic monster movie in 3D!" This malady would foreshadow her future marriage to an actor who was able to turn his success in a role on a prime-time TV-series into a lucrative film career in such classics as "Blind Date," "Sunset," "In Country" and "Hudson Hawk." For 10 points, name this actress whose own film career includes "St. Elmo's Fire," "Indecent Proposal" and "Striptease." answer: Demi _MOORE_ 4. Members of this order typically have oval flattened bodies with two pairs of wings, which, at rest, are folded back across the abdomen. The mouths are modified for piercing and sucking, with long slender stylets forming a double tube. For 10 points, name the order that includes aphids, meal bugs, leaf hoppers and all other true insects. answer: _HEMIPTERA_ 5. It is believed to be the tomb of Raedwald, king of East Anglia and High King of England. Discovered in 1939 during excavation of a barrow, the burial consisted of an entire ship, outfitted with weapons, jewelry, silver bowls form Byzantium and coins from Merovingian France. For 10 points, name this archeological treasure, now housed in the British Museum and named for the site in Suffolk where it was discovered. answer: _SUTTON HOO_ treasure 6. He died of consumption at the age of 26. Educated at a conservatory in Naples, he was appointed maestro di capella to the Neapolitan Prince Stigliano in 1732. He composed some 15 operas, including the opera buffa classic "Flaminio," and his most important operatic work, "La serva padrona," later became the model for the French opera comique. FTP name this composer whose 1729 "Stabat Mater" established the ideal of frugal, moving sacred music. answer: Giovanni Battista _PERGOLESI_ 7. It was fought on the "plain of blackbirds," on tough, mountainous terrain. Prince Lazar's forces outnumbered those of his rival, but were disorganized and torn by accusations of treason. His enemy, Murad, took advantage of this disunity but did not live to enjoy the results. His son Bayezid had to finish the job after Murad was stabbed to death in his tent. For 10 points, name the 1388 battle that solidified Ottoman claims in Europe and ended hopes for an independent Serbian state. answer: The Battle of _KOSOVO_ 8. It was discovered by microbiologist Elizabeth Hazen and chemist Rachel Brown. They isolated it from soil that Hazen collected from a friend's cow pasture, and it has since been used to combat everything from yeast infections to Dutch elm disease. For 10 points, name this antitoxin, the first safe, widely effective fungicide whose name comes from the state that funded its discoverers' work. answer: _NYSTATIN_ (from New York state) 9. You can buy "apples and quinces/lemons and oranges/plump unpecked cherries" and "bloom-down-cheeked peaches." However, to buy these fruits from the strange little men who sell them is to is to risk death, as Lizzie and her sister Laura discover after Laura samples their wares. For 10 points, name this place of forbidden fruit, the title of a long poem by Christina Rossetti. answer: _GOBLIN MARKET_ 10. Book Ten describes the two views on pleasure and Book Eight explains the different kinds of friendship and why we need it. Book Five is a treatise on justice and Book One describes Plato's view of the Good and defines happiness. For 10 points, what is this philosophical work, which derives its name from the fact that its author's son supposedly edited after the death of his father, Aristotle? answer: _NICHOMACHEAN ETHICS_ 11. She released a music CD to accompany her novel, "Where Love Goes." As a Yale freshman in 1972 she wrote a series of New York Times articles entitled, "An 18-Year-Old Looks Back On Life." She later scored hits with her novels "Baby Love" and "To Die For," the latter of which became a movie. For 10 points, name this author, a native of Keene, New Hampshire, whose affair with another seclusive New Hampshire author 25 years ago has brought her bad press over the last few months. answer: Joyce _MAYNARD_ [J.D. Salinger's love letters to her recently were sold at auction.] 12. There are two main types: endotropic, in which the vegetative part of the fungus is within the cortex cells of the root, and ectotropic, in which the mycellium is external, covering the smaller roots completely. The relationship is not always beneficial, but is vital to the growth of certain species of confiers such as the Great Sequoia. FTP, name this mutualistic association of a fungus with the roots of a higher plant. answer: _MYCORRHIZA_ 13. Charles the Eighth of France died there after he banged his head on one of its doors, and Francis the First expanded and renovated it, but it is best known as the residence where Leonardo da Vinci spent his final days. For 10 points, name this royal chateau in the Loire valley. answer: _AMBOISE_ 14. In the background, several naked young men sit on or lean against a wall. Apart from one satyr-like boy, they seem oblivious to the figures in the foreground. At the front, the two main figures, clad in bright pink, blue, and yellow robes, sit on a patch of grass. They hold up a naked infant, the three bodies forming a triangular composition that contrasts with the round shape of the painting. For 10 points, name this 1503 work, the only surviving small-scale painting by Michaelangelo. answer: The _HOLY FAMILY_ or the _DONI TONDO_ 15. If this county were a state, it would rank third in the U.S. with 56 death row inmates executed; Virginia has killed 67, while 124 executed inmates have come from the rest of Texas. Angel Maturino Resendez was arraigned in, for 10 points, what county, whose seat is Houston? answer: _HARRIS_ County 16. According to legend, she promised one suitor that she would take him if he would wait outside her window for one hundred nights in a row. He came faithfully for ninety-nine nights, but on the hundredth night, he collapsed from exhaustion and died. Because of her cruelty, she was fated to grow old alone, outliving her beauty. She did retain her poetic gifts and continued to write the works that made her one of the most famous of Japan's early poets. FTP, name this writer and femme fatale, whose tragic story inspired several Noh dramas. answer: Ono no _KOMACHI_ 17. Hull's Cove, Southwest Harbor, Northeast Harbor, Seal Harbor, and Bass Harbor are all communities on it. The largest settlement, Bar Harbor, is home to the College of the Atlantic. Its highest point, Cadillac Mountain, is the highest point on the eastern seaboard of the U.S. For 10 points, name this island which comprises the majority of the area of Acadia National Park. answer: _MOUNT DESERT_ Island (prompt on "Acadia") 18. When he walked the woods with his fishing rod, Killall, the fish would leap into his pockets because they knew it was no use putting up a fight. He peaceably tended his farm at Marshfield until another New Hampshire man named Jabez Stone came to seek out his assistance. For 10 points, name this legendary American figure who, in a short story by Stephen Vincent Benet, bested the devil himself. answer: _DAN'L WEBSTER_ (grudgingly accept _DANIEL WEBSTER_) 19. He has a tatto on his arm of the acronym TWIM, which stands for "The World Is Mine," which happens to be the name of his record label and his line of clothing. He has been, according to his own loathsome self-appraisals, successful on every level of competition, except at college and the pros. For 10 points, name this man who should forget about making a sequel to Shazaam!, and work on his foul shots. answer: Shaquille _O'NEILL_ (accept: _SHAQ_) 20. The spontaneous symmetry-breaking in a Yang-Mills gauge theory necessitates at least one of these in order to eliminate the unphysical Goldstone particle. The result is a neutral scalar field massive enough to decay into a pair of W bosons, which may be responsible for the mass of all elementary particles. For 10 points, identify this hypothetical particle, the holy grail of modern experimental particle physics. answer: _HIGGS_ boson 21. Its composer referred to it as his only masterpiece, but also said that it "contains no music." Both are exaggerations, but just barely. It contains no tempo or dynamic markings but is traditionally performed with steadily increasing volume and tempo, paced by a repeating figure in the snare drum. For 10 points, name this piece, whose popularity skyrocketed with the release of the movie "10," composed by Maurice Ravel. answer: _BOLERO_ Boston Summer Open Round 3 Questions by Guy and Carol, et al BONUSES 1. Male, female, both, or neither? For 5 points each, 30 for all correct: A. Which gender of mosquito is a vector for malaria? answer: _FEMALE_ B. Which gender of human beings can contain Barr bodies? answer: _FEMALE_ C. Which gender of horses has more chromosomes than a normal human? answer: _BOTH_ D. Researchers studying Canadian male beavers in the South Nation River recently discovered that 100% of them had what female internal reproductive organ? answer: A _UTERUS_ 2. The central episode of the Mahabharata is the great battle between the Pandavas and the Kauravas. For 10 points each, name any three of the five Pandava brothers who ultimately win the war. answer: _YUDISHTHIRA_ _BHIMA_ _ARJUNA_ _NAKULA_ _SAHADEVA_ 3. Where is J.D. Drew these days, anyway? Name these MLB rookies who have made a real splash for 10 points each: A. Drew isn't even the best rookie on his own team, as this "Little Mac" has more than capably filled in at second base. answer: Joe _MCEWING_ B. The Mariners' awful starting rotation has gotten a big lift from this 22-year old, part of the Randy Johnson trade. answer: Freddy _GARCIA_ C. This Dodgers third baseman has been quietly hitting over .300 all season. answer: Adrian _BELTRE_ 4. For 10 points each, given the author and the opening line, name the short story: A. Ray Bradbury; "George, I wish you'd look at the nursery." answer: The _VELDT_ B. Jorges Luis Borges; "The night of March 14, 1943, in an apartment in the Zeltnergasse of Prague, Jaromir Hladik, the author of the unfinished drama entitled 'The Enemies,' of 'Vindication of Eternity,' and of a study of the indirect Jewish sources of Jakob Bohme, had a dream of a long game of chess. answer: The _SECRET MIRACLE_ C. Flannery O'Connor; "Her doctor had told Julian's mother that she must lose twenty pounds on account of her blood pressure, so on Wednesday nights Julian had to take her downtown on the bus for a reducing class at the Y." answer: _EVERYTHING THAT RISES MUST CONVERGE_ 5. What if a future president asked you out on a date but you said "no way," only to realize years later that it could have been YOU as the first lady and not some bumbling twit? Name these presidents from the women who rejected them for 10 points each: A. Kitty Floyd, the daughter of a member of the Continental Congress, agreed to marry him; but when he announced his retirement from Congress, she sent him a Dear John letter sealed with dough made from rye flour. answer: James _MADISON_ B. Ann Coleman broke off her engagement with him and fled to Philadelphia, committing suicide a few months later. answer: James _BUCHANAN_ C. Frances Ann Cannon dumped him for writer John Hersey. answer: John F. _KENNEDY_ (or _JFK_) 6. For 10 points each, name these bodies of water located within or around Indonesia. A. This strait separates the island of Sumatra from Malaysia answer: Strait of _MALACCA_ B. This strait separates Borneo from Celebes answer: Strait of _MAKASSAR_ C. This sea lies directly to the west of New Guinea, south of the Halmahera Sea and north of the Banda Sea answer: _CERAM_ Sea 7. Identify these things relating to quotable physicist I.I. Rabi for 10 points each: A. Rabi's most famous quote is "Who ordered that?" It refers to this seemingly pointless identical twin of the electron which is 200 times heavier. answer: _MUON_ (grudgingly accept _MU_ particle or even _MU MESON_) B. Rabi noted that it was a blend of "artistry and effrontery" that enabled this man to derive in 1913 a quantum treatment of the hydrogen atom, more than a decade before the development of quantum mechanics. answer: Niels _BOHR_ C. Rabi's own most notable contribution to quantum theory is the explanation of the oscillation of a two-state system in the treatment of a sinusoidally time-dependent perturbation. What silly-sounding term did he give to the frequency of the oscillation? answer: Rabi _FLOPPING_ frequency 8. Saint-Saens' suite, Carnival of the Animals, creates distinctive musical interludes for a variety of critters. For 10 points each, given a description of the music, name the type of creature it is intended to portray: A. Lots of arpeggios up and down a pair of pianos. answer: Wild _ASSES_ (accept "donkeys") B. A very slow rendition of themes from Offenbach's _Orpheus in the Underworld_. answer: _TURTLES_ C. A badly played selection of elementary piano scales. answer: _PIANISTS_ 9. Given the name of a fictional prostitute, identify the work in which she appears for 10 points each: A. Sonya Marmaladovna answer: _CRIME AND PUNISHMENT_ B. Jenny Diver, who betrays the work's protagonist to the police answer: The _BEGGAR'S OPERA_ C. Lizzie, who is tricked into lying to build a murder case against an innocent black man. answer: The _RESPECTFUL PROSTITUTE_ 10. Name these figures from a sex scandal that rocked China during the eighth century for 10 points each: A. Nicknamed "The Brilliant Emperor," this Tang ruler from 712 to 756 presided over one of the most prosperous eras in Chinese history. He built the first permanent bridge over the Yellow River. answer: _XUANZONG_ or _MING HUAN_ B. Xuanzong fell in love with this wife of one of his sons. Although she was plump and plain, he fell in love with her, brought her to the palace and devoted his time and money to pleasing her. answer: _YANG GUIFEI_ C. Yang Guifei had still another love interest. This rough-talking Turkoman general used Yang's influence to launch an invasion of China. His revolt drove the Emperor from Chang'an but also led to Yang's death. answer: _AN LUSHAN_ 11. Name the painters of these works created in early 20th-century Vienna, for 10 points each: A. "Death and Life" answer: Gustav _KLIMT_ B. "The Bride of the Wind" answer: Oskar _KOKOSCHKA_ C. "The Self Seer II (Death and the Man)" answer: Egon _SCHEILE_ 12. Name these things from "The Simpsons" that aren't quite right, for 10 points each: A. This extraneous month was added to the Springfield Elementary School calendar. answer: _SMARCH_ B. When Bart was looking for a personalized license plate with his name on it, the closest thing he could find was this odd name. answer: _BORT_ C. In the episode where the PTA disbands, Bart comments that he always drinks this substance, now with vitamin R answer: _MALK_ 13. Most people know that the Medici family controlled Florence throughout most of the Renaissance. However, for 10 points each, name the Italian cities controlled by these other powerful families: A. The Gonzaga family answer: _MANTUA_ B. The Sforza family answer: _MILAN_ C. The Este family answer: _FERRARA_ 14. Name these Sturm & Drang plays from a description for 10 points each: A. Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz wrote this play about young jeweler's daughter named Marie, who is ruined by an affair with an aristocratic army officer. It ends with a character proposing the establishment of legalized high-class brothels to protect the honor of respectable women. answer: The _SOLDIERS_ B. In this Friedrich Klinger play, Carl Bushy disguises himself as an adventurer named Wild and heads for America to die in the Revolutionary War. Along the way, he discovers the lost love of his life, his father, and his father's mortal enemy, Lord Berkley. answer: _STURM UND DRANG_ (accept "Storm and Stress") C. In this Schiller play, another hero named Karl turns to a life of crime after he is disinherited by his scheming brother Franz. By the time he figures out his brother's deception, his deeds have made him unworthy of the love of his faithful Amalia. He therefore kills Amalia (at her request) and turns himself in to the authorities. answer: The _ROBBERS_ 15. Name these terms from the study of ethology for 10 points each: A. This term refers to a species-specific unlearned behavior released by a specific external stimulus. answer: _INSTINCT_ B. Often animals are born with an innate knowledge of the stimuli that will release instinctual behavior patterns. However, sometimes knowledge of these stimuli must be acquired after birth. This is the process by which animals develop responsiveness to specific release stimuli. answer: _IMPRINTING_ C. This term refers to the time during which imprinting must be accomplished in order to be effective. answer: _CRITICAL_ period 16. Tobacco companies and gun makers aren't the only defendants in recent lawsuits. Name these other defendants for 10 points each: A. The state of Massachusetts has considered suing makers of this household product, one of whose additives endangers children. answer: lead-based _PAINT_ B. The state of Illinois has sued this church and its leader, Matt Hale, to determine whether the church qualifies as a charity. One of its members went on a shooting spree over the July 4 holiday. answer: _WORLD CHURCH OF THE CREATOR_ C. The state of Arkansas has joined in a suit against this entertainer, who allegedly misled old people into thinking they'd won free vacations. answer: Robin _LEACH_ 17. Answer these questions about the gospel of Matthew for 10 points each: A. Although Luke's gospel begins by tracing Jesus' ancestry back to Adam, Matthew's record of Jesus' lineage only goes back as far as which patriarch? answer: King _DAVID_ B. The Sermon on the Mount takes place in which chapter of Matthew? answer: _FIFTH_ or _5_ C. Matthew's account of the Passion, like Mark's, includes what lament in Aramaic, roughly translating as "Why have you forsaken me?" answer: Eloi, Eloi (My God, my God), _LAMA SABACHTHANI_ 18. Identify the following about triangles for 10 points each: A. This is a segment that joins a vertex with the point on the opposite side. Examples include medians and angle bisectors. answer: _CEVIAN_(CHAY-vee-an) or _CEVA_ segment B. The median concurrence theorem states that the three medians of a triangle all meet at a point, called the centroid of the triangle. If the median from point A is 6 centimeters long, how many centimeters is it from A to the centroid? answer: _4_ (the centroid is 2/3 of the way along any median) C. A useful theorem allows one to calculate the length of any cevian if one knows the side lengths and the sections into which the opposite side is cut by the cevian. Name this theorem, for which a useful mnemonic is "man plus dad equals bomb plus sink." answer: _STEWART_'s Theorem (man + dad = bmb + cnc, where d is the cevian, m & n are the sections, a is the opposite side, and b and c are the adjacent sides) 19. Name these musical flops for 10 points each: A. Leonard Bernstein wrote the music and Alan Lerner the words for this treatment of a subject at the heart of American history and culture. Unfortunately, this jumbled look at the American presidency and the history of race relations didn't even merit a cast recording. answer: _1600 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE_ B. In an attempt to capitalize on the success of rock operas like Tommy and Hair, this show turned Hamlet into a punk extravaganza, featuring songs like "He Got it in the Ear" and a climactic scene where Hamlet strangles Claudius with a microphone cord. It didn't work. answer: _ROCK-A-BYE HAMLET_ C. Billed as the first slasher musical, this show might have become a cult classic had it not folded in the first week. Featuring flames shooting out of the stage, teenagers dancing around a trough of blood, and a mysterious white stairway presumably leading to heaven, it is often considered to be the best bad musical ever written. answer: _CARRIE_ 20. For nearly a thousand years, the Yoruban kingdoms were among the most powerful and sophisticated states in West Africa. Identify these associated things for 10 points each: A. This city was considered the original home of the human race and the first capital of Yorubaland. It was famous for its exquisite bronze sculptures and its powerful oracle. answer: _ILE-IFE_ (accept Ife) B. This hermaphroditic deity was considered to be the ancestor of all Yoruban kings and the first ruler at Ile-Ife. His/her sons were said to have founded the seven principal Yoruban kingdoms. answer: _ODUDUWA_ C. Of the original seven kingdoms, this one rose to prominence in the seventeenth century and quickly came to dominate all of the others. Its kings prospered by trading slaves and raw materials with the Portuguese and Dutch, but many of its citizens were themselves sold into slavery when the kingdom collapsed in 1835. answer: the _OYO_ kingdom