ACF Regionals 2000
Tossups by Swarthmore and UCLA A

1. It featured the last gun duel between battle ships, and was the occasion for the signal “Where is third fleet? The world wonders.” Warships sunk during the battle included the U.S.S. Princeton and the super-battleship Musashi. At one point Japanese battleships were forty miles from a virtually unprotected landing force when they inexplicably withdrew. FTP, name this battle, the last major engagement during World War II between the Americans and the Japanese, that was fought in October 1944 when the Japanese contested the American landing on an island in the Philippines.
	Answer: Leyte Gulf (prompt on just Leyte)

2. Beginning his most famous work in 1884, he based his studies on the earlier work of van’t Hoff concerning the importance of three-dimensional structure in atoms and its effect on optical activity. Synthesizing the first available isolated samples, he showed that the best known types contained six carbon atoms and that the each different arrangement led to a different polarization when light was shown through the sample. This led him to develop the L and D series for the stereochemical configuration of sugars and allowed him to predict future isomers. FTP, name this chemist, winner of the Nobel Prize in 1902. 
	Answer: Emil Hermann Fischer

3. Inspired by a conversation its composer shared with his grandmother, the composer remarked of it, "Not a day goes by without my using that piece in my life and work." It premiered in 1952, performed by David Tudor in Woodstock, New York, and it is divided into three movements, each marked by the word "Tacet" and its respective length of time. Its composer considered it only a partial success since even when he performed it in an anechoic chamber he could still hear his heart beating. FTP identify this minimalist work for piano by John Cage. 
	Answer: 4' 33" (Four Minutes and Thirty-Three Seconds) 

4. He was a conscientious objector during World War I, and when asked what he would do if a German soldier were raping his sister, he replied "I should attempt to interpose my body." His lovers included his cousin Duncan Grant and John Maynard Keynes, and he was part of a menage a quatre which included Francis Marshall, Ralph Partridge, and Dora Carrington. FTP, name this member of the Bloomsbury Group, the author of Portraits in Miniature, Elizabeth and Essex, and Eminent Victorians. 
	Answer: Lytton Strachey (STRAY-chee) 

5. If this day is dry and fair, then winter weather will return; if it is wet and cold, then winter is almost over. Originally called Imbolc in British pagan traditions, this celebration of fertility was unsuccessfully adapted to a day of purification by the Catholic Church, and survives today as Groundhog Day. FTP, name this February 2nd cross-quarter day, also known as a festival of lights. 
	Answer: Candlemas

6. When this effect was first thought of, in 1892, it was just an "a priori" explanation for the Michelson-Morley null result. However, Einstein produced a relativistic explanation of it. Although it fits perfectly with theory, it is hard to verify experimentally, because of the difficulty in securing an object of appreciable length that also moves at a fast enough speed. FTP, name this relativistic shrinking of longitudinal length, named for a Dutch physicist.
	Answer: Lorentz-FitzGerald Contraction

7. It is the title of a 1934 drawing in which the wife of the artist appears as the assailant, and his mistress, Marie-Therese Walter, as the title victim. Besides the carving knife, a pair of darts symbolizing the horns of a bull impales the reclining figure. The more famous work of this title is a painting in which the name of the artist appears on a box in the lower right, and before a plain background lies the title character, holding a quill in his right hand and a blood-stained letter in his left. FTP, give the name shared by these works of art, one by Pablo Picasso, the other a 1793 painting by Jacques-Louis David (dah-VEED). 
	Answer: The Death of Marat 

8. She was working as a librarian at McGill in 1964 when she published her first novel, If Morning Ever Comes. In the next decade, she wrote The Clock Winder, Celestial Navigation, and Waiting for Caleb, but it was 1982's Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant that made her famous. FTP, identify this novelist, who relocated to Baltimore in 1967, best known for Saint Maybe, Breathing Lessons, and The Accidental Tourist.
	Answer: Anne Tyler

9. During this dynasty, the devastation caused to the old capital Chang’an necessitated the later rulers of it to govern from Luoyang. Originally founded by Liu (Lyo) Bang, it took its name from the western kingdom that Liu had ruled before he became emperor. The reign of this dynasty was interrupted for fourteen years by Wang Mang, while its fall led to the three kingdoms period. FTP, name this dynasty that gives its name to ethnic Chinese, lasting from 206 BC to 220 AD.
	Answer: Han Dynasty

10. Memory is stored one-dimensionally without segmentation, and there is no distinction between instructions and data. There are no floating-point numbers, and data are stored in binary format. There is no indirect or indexed addressing. Three registers are used for arithmetic, and alternates instruction and execution cycles. FTP, name this computer architecture, named for the mathematician who also established the standard formulation for quantum mechanics and proved the minimax theorem in game theory. 
	Answer: Von Neumann architecture (or Von Neumann computer)

11. This early rap group has long been championed by acts such as Public Enemy and the Beastie Boys, who cite them as a major influence, a status attained despite having never released a full album. Their output consists of a series of singles released in the early 1980’s on the independent Enjoy label, none of which sold well. They subsequently broke up to pursue solo careers, and their lead vocalist went on to one of the most successful hip-hop careers of the late 1980’s. FTP, name this rap trio, whose songs included “The New Rap Language” and “Body Rock,” and was fronted by Kool Moe Dee.
	Answer: Treacherous Three 

12. After the success of this book, pilgrims to the church depicted in "Hughley Steeple" were dismayed to discover that not only did it not have a graveyard full of suicides, it didn't even have a steeple. Featuring such poems as "The Welsh Marshes," "The Day of Battle," and "The Immortal Part," its longest poem states that "malt does more than Milton can / To justify God's ways to man." FTP, name this 1896 work, which includes "Loveliest of trees, the cherry now" and "To An Athlete Dying Young," a collection of verse by A. E. Housman. 
	Answer: A Shropshire Lad

13. Lesser-known works by him include The Man versus the State and Essays: Scientific, Political and Speculative in three volumes. Born in 1820, his early influences were Bentham and Lamarck. He proposed a theory of evolution in 1855 and enthusiastically embraced the work of Darwin. FTP, name this pioneering sociologist, the author of Social Statics and Principles of Psychology, a Social Darwinist who coined the phrase “survival of the fittest.” 
	Answer: Herbert Spencer

14. In 1366 AD, their appearance was believed by the Portuguese to signal the end of the world. In 902 AD, Chinese astronomers noted that the "stars fell like rain", and the Egyptians declared the year to be a "year of stars". The source appears to be the passing of the comet Tempel-Tuttle around Novemeber 17th each year. FTP, name this meteor shower appearing to originate in the constellation of Leo.
	Answer: the Leonid meteor shower

15. In the state legislature, he led a caucus called the Long Nine who logrolled to move the state capital from Vandalia, and 12 years later, he was offered the governorship of the Oregon Territory. That was after he had stepped aside to let his friend Stephen Logan run for his seat in Congress. In Congress he had earned the nickname "Spotty" for proposing the Spot Resolutions, and after he left, he held no elective office for more than a decade. FTP, name this man who returned to politics in 1858 in a losing senate bid against Stephen Douglas, two years before being elected to a higher office. 
	Answer: Abraham Lincoln 

16. His early works include collections of poetry like Man: A Broad Garden and The Last May, as well as a one-act play, The Owners of the Keys. The author of the critical works Testaments Betrayed and The Art of the Novel, he moved to France in 1975, a year before The Farewell Party appeared. FTP, name this novelist of Life Is Elsewhere, The Joke, and The Book of Laughter and Forgetting, a Czech author best known for 1984's The Unbearable Lightness of Being.
	Answer: Milan Kundera

17. It rises in southwest Siskyou County and flows generally south until it empties into Suisun Bay, passing through the small towns of Dunsmuir, Princeton, and Colusa. Having such tributaries as the Feather and Butte Rivers, it passes through the city of Redding and the large metropolis that shares its name, where the American river flows into it. Sharing its delta with the San Joaquin River, Shasta Lake also sits along its length. FTP, name this river that drains the northern half of California’s Central Valley and shares its name with a state capital.
	Answer: Sacramento River

18. An instructor at the Institute for Psychoanalysis in Berlin from 1920 to 1932, this psychiatrist immigrated to the U.S. and served as associate director of the Chicago Institute for Psychoanalysis for two years, taught at the New York Psychoanalytic Institute from 1934 to 1941 and helped to found the American Institute for Psychoanalysis. This German-born thinker founded a neo-Freudian school of psychoanalysis based on the conclusion that neuroses are the result of emotional conflicts arising from childhood experiences, an emphasis on the social factors that she believed caused "basic anxiety." FTP, name this psychiatrist, author of Our Inner Conflicts and Neurosis and Human Growth.
	Answer: Karen Horney (hor-NAY)

19. In 1194, it came under Hohenstaufen rule after the reign of King William the Bad, its last Norman king. In the 1280s it selected its first Aragonese king, Pedro III, and though it separated from Aragon in 1292 it remained associated with the Spanish Crown until the War of Spanish Succession. FTP, name this island kingdom of the central Mediterranean, which became part of Italy after being invaded by Guiseppe Garibaldi and features the cities of Messina and Palermo.
	Answer: the kingdom of Sicily

20. The title character used to argue with Harold Wilson about education, and can't forget Harold's saying that he studied Latin like the violin because he liked it. He refuses to be made ashamed to please his brother, which is why Mary lets him in when she comes up from Rowe's to find him huddled against the barn-door fast asleep, even though her husband Warren can't afford to pay him wages for the haying. FTP, identify this poem, first published in 1914, in which Silas expires before he can help ditch the meadow, a work by Robert Frost.
	Answer: The Death of the Hired Man

OT1. Numa Pompilius is said by Plutarch to have erected a brass statue of him as the most valiant man in Greece. He conquered Byzantium in 409 BC but was ejected by the Spartan admiral Lysander four years later. Ending his days in Phrygia, he had earlier sought refuge with the Persian governor Tissaphernes. Raised by his uncle Pericles, he abrogated the peace with Sparta in 415 B.C. The last speaker in Plato’s Symposium and one of Timon’s true friends in Shakespeare’s Timon of Athens, FTP name this Athenian general who commanded a disastrous expedition during the Peloponesian Wars.
	Answer: Alcibiades

OT2. He was sent by the Venetian state to Constantinople in 1479 in response to Sultan Muhammad II's request for a good portraitist. Some of his most beautiful works date from his year's sojourn there, including a portrait of the sultan and a watercolor portrait of a boy scribe which reflects the influence of the Islamic painting style. Most of the latter were destroyed by a fire in the Doges' Palace in 1579, but three Miracles of the True Cross survive to establish their character. Set in contemporary Venice, they are pictorially somewhat dry but valuable as circumstantially accurate records of the city and its people in his time. FTP, name this Venetian painter, the son of Jacopo and brother of Giovanni.
	Answer: Gentile Bellini

OT3. Separated by a strait of the same name from the Leizhou Bandao peninsula, indigenous tribes make up about one third of the island’s population, and ethnic Chinese make up the rest. It was occupied by Japan in 1939, after being a Chinese possession since 111 B.C., and was taken by the Chinese communists in 1950. Formerly belonging to Guangdong provice, it became its own province in 1988. Its capital, largest city and primary seaport is Haikou, located on the northern coast. FTP, name this largest island controlled by the People’s Republic of China, bordered on the west by the Gulf of Tonkin.
	Answer: Hainan

Don't go outside to look for this element: it's never found free in nature, and only constitutes a few millionths of the Earth's crust. A few medicinal plants, such as aloe vera and ginseng, contain high concentrations, and researchers have reported that compounds containing this element may help control cancer, AIDS, high cholesterol, and pain. Its oxide has a high index of refraction, and is used frequently in wide-angle camera lenses. Because it can be purified better than any other semiconductor, its electronic properties have been studied in detail. FTP, name this element, situated after gallium in the periodic table and named for a European country.
 	Answer: germanium

ACF Regionals 2000
Boni by Swarthmore and UCLA A

1. Identify these modern Japanese authors FTP each. 
1. He won the prestigious Akutagawa Prize at age 23 for his story The Catch, and his first novel was Nip the Buds, Shoot the Kids. His recent novels such as The Silent Cry are influenced by the birth of his mentally handicapped son. 
	Answer: Oe Kenzaburo 
2. He belonged to the neosensationalist movement which rejected realism for a more lyrical, impressionistic style. His novels include Snow Country, the story of a geisha and a self-centered businessman, and in 1972 he became the first Japanese Nobel laureate for literature. 
	Answer: Kawabata Yasunari 
3. His early stories such as The Tattooer are influenced by the French symbolists and Edgar Allan Poe. His novel Some Prefer Nettles compares an unhappy marriage to changing cultural values in Japan, but his Diary of a Mad Old Man was more apolitical and erotic. 
	Answer: Tanizaki Junichiro 

2. Given a brief description, name these forms of astronomical radiation.
1. This is nearly uniform isotropic low-temperature microwave radiation that permeates all of space.
	Answer: cosmic microwave background radiation
2. Typically associated with supernova remnants, this radiation is due to the relativistic acceleration of electrons in a strong magnetic field. 
	Answer: synchrotron radiation
3. NASA's 1991 Compton Observatory added quasars to the list of the stellar bodies that are a source of these.
	Answer: gamma rays

3. Identify the following late nineteenth century Secretaries of State, FTP each.
1. Grant’s secretary of state, he mediated disputes with Britain relating to the damages stemming from British-built raiders during the Civil War as well as tensions stemming from the Cuban revolt against Spain.
	Answer: Hamilton Fish
2. The Secretary of State under Benjamin Harrison, he had been one of the leading Republican candidates for president in 1880 and ran against Cleveland in 1884.
	Answer: James G. Blaine
3. As part of McKinley’s cabinet he initiated the Open Door policy and negotiated with Britain about issues relating to the future Panama Canal.
	Answer: John M. Hay

4. Identify these Baldwins from clues on a 10-5 basis.
1. (10 points) He made his television debut in 1987's The Prodigious Hickey, and went on to appear in The Young Riders as Buffalo Bill Cody.
(5 points) The youngest of the four brothers, he appeared in the movie Threesome.
	Answer: Stephen Baldwin
2. (10 points) He worked as a waiter at Studio 54 before getting his break on the television show The Doctors.
(5 points) He's Mr. Kim Basinger.
	Answer: Alec Baldwin
3. (10 points) Before acting, he worked as a model for Calvin Klein jeans and as a Congressional aide to Representative Thomas Downey.
(5 points) He has appeared in Born on the Fourth of July and Backdraft.
	Answer: William Baldwin

5. Name these mythological creatures FTP each.
1. In medieval and Middle Eastern legend, this creature possesses the head and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion.
	Answer: Griffin or Gryphon (do not accept Sphinx)
2. In mythology, this is most likely a fire-breathing monster with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail. But in general, it is almost any monster with many incongruous body parts.
	Answer: Chimera
3. Sometimes incorporated into fantasy novels, this legendary monster possesses a man's head, a lion's body, and the tail of a dragon or scorpion.
	Answer: Manticore

6. Given a brief description, identify the virus FTP each.
1. A member of the filovirus genus, incidents involving this virus are also called hemorragic fever.
	Answer: Ebola
2. One of the variola viruses, this virus was being inoculated against with limited success as early as 1713.
	Answer: smallpox 
3. A species of Herpetoviridae discovered in 1964, this virus has been associated with Burkitt's lymphoma and with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but is usually the cause of mononucleosis. 
	Answer: Epstein-Barr viruses

7. Identify these mountains in Africa, for the stated number of points.
1. (5 points) This mountain, the highest in Africa, is located in northeastern Tanzania, near the Kenyan border.
	Answer: Mount Kilimanjaro
2. (10 points) This mountain range separates the coasts of Morocco and Algeria from the Sahara desert.
	Answer: Atlas Mountains
3. (15 points) This mountain range comprises much of southeastern South Africa, as well as most of Lesotho.
	Answer: Drakensburg Mountains

8. Identify these contemporary playwrights from works on a 10-5 basis. In each case, the five point clue will be a Pulitzer Prize winning drama.
1. (10 points) Any Woman Can't and Hard Sell
(5 points) The Heidi Chronicles
	Answer: Wendy Wasserstein
2. (10 points) Loving Daniel Boone and Traveler in the Dark
(5 points) 'Night, Mother
	Answer: Marsha Norman
3. (10 points) Control Freak and The Miss Firecracker Contest
(5 points) Crimes of the Heart
	Answer: Beth Henley

9. Given a description, name the metamorphic rocks, FTP each.
1. A component of lava, it is lighter than basalt and is usually a pale shade of green, red or gray. Pumice is produced when this type of rock contains gas bubbles.
	Answer: ryholite
2. This rock exemplifies cleavage into broad, thin layers. Good grades of it are sometimes used in roofing. 
	Answer: slate
3. Unlike sandstone, this rock fractures across, rather than along, the line of cementing material between its constituent grains of sand. 
	Answer: quartzite

10. Identify these battles of the War of Spanish Succession, FTP each.
1. This 1704 battle was the greatest victory of the Duke of Marlborough and marked the beginning of the decline of French military dominance.
	Answer: Battle of Blenheim
2. The French were forced to withdraw out of the Austrian Netherlands in the 1706 battle, another victory of the Duke of Marlborough.
	Answer: Battle of Ramillies-Offus
3. Renewal of peace negotiations were brought about by the French defeat in this 1709 battle that prompted Louis XIV to exclaim “Has God forgotten all I have done for Him?”
	Answer: Battle of Malplaquet

11. FTP each identify these operas from the proper names of their title characters. You will receive 5 points if you need the names of their composers. 
1. (10 points) Violetta Valery 
(5 points) Giuseppe Verdi 
	Answer: La Traviata 
2. (10 points) Marie, daughter of Kruschina and Kathinka 
(5 points) Bedrich Smetana 
	Answer: The Bartered Bride 
3. (10 points) Octavian, the Count Rofrano 
(5 points) Richard Strauss 
	Answer: Der Rosenkavalier 

12. FTP each, identify each of these hurricanes.
1. In August of 1969, this category 5 hurricane devastated the Gulf Coast of Louisiana and Mississippi with winds of up to 200 miles per hour.
	Answer: Hurricane Camille
2. A rather weak hurricane, barely able to maintain category 1 status, this hurricane that hit the panhandle of Florida in June of 1972 is not known for its winds but for the devastating flooding it produced.
	Answer: Hurricane Agnes
3. Though not named for this year's tournament editor, this late twentieth-century hurricane is known as the costliest natural disaster in United States history.
	Answer: Hurricane Andrew

13. Answer these questions about an autobiographical work, for the stated number of points.
1. (10 points) In this work, first published in two parts in The London Magazine in 1821, we learn that the author took as many as 150 grains a day of the titular substance.
	Answer: Confessions of an English Opium-Eater
2. (5 points) Name the author of Confessions of an English Opium-Eater.
	Answer: Thomas De Quincey
3. (15 points) In 1845, De Quincey published this "sequel" to the Confessions in Blackwell's Magazine, and he incorporated material from this work into later revisions of the Confessions.
	Answer: Suspiria de Profundis or Sighs from the Depths

14. Identify these later emperors of the Roman Empire, for the stated number of points.
1. (5 points) This emperor, who reigned from 361 to 363, was effective militarily, though his efforts to bring back paganism flopped utterly.
	Answer: Julian the Apostate
2. (10 points) His father Orestes named him emperor when Julius Nepos fled in 475, but he was overthrown a year later.
	Answer: Romulus Augustulus or Augustus
3. (15 points) Reigning from 253 to 268, this man defeated the Germans at Naissus in 268, the last major Roman victory. 
	Answer: Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus

15. FTP each identify these neoclassical sculptors. 
1. He was born in Vermont, but in 1837 he moved to Florence where he lived for the rest of his life. Known primarily for his portrait busts, his sculpture Greek Slave depicts a nude woman in chains leaning against a pillar. 
	Answer: Hiram Powers 
2. Born in 1757, this Italian sculpted the Venus Victrix, a nude of the sister of Napoleon, as well as a large marble nude of Napoleon, himself. His other works include the tomb of Pope Clement XIV and Perseus with the Head of Medusa. 
	Answer: Antonio Canova 
3. This Dane founded the neoclassical movement in sculpture and was a teacher to Canova. His works include the Lion of Lucerne and the tomb of Pope Pius VII. Many of his smaller works are housed in a namesake museum in Copenhagen. 
	Answer: Bertel Thorvaldsen 

16. Given a description, name the physical effect, FTP each. 
1. An X-ray scatters off of a slowly moving electron, losing energy to the electron.
	Answer: Compton Effect
2. The magnetization of ferromagnetic substances lags behind the field. 
	Answer: Hysteresis Effect
3. A constant magnetic field is applied to a transparent gaseous medium producing a birefringence such that the vapor has different indices of refraction in different directions.
	Answer: Voigt Effect

17. Answer these questions about those wacky Mennonites, for the stated number of points.
1. (15 points) Mennonites were first known as “Obbenites” in honor of this priest, who baptized Menno Simons in 1536.
	Answer: Obbe Philips
2. (10 points) Mennonites are members of this radical Protestant sect, whose first congregation was founded in Zurich in 1525 by Conrad Grebel.
	Answer: the Anabaptists
3. (5 points) The most famous Mennonites are these conservative folk, followers of Jacob Amman.
	Answer: the Amish

18. Identify the following court cases from the 1920s and 1930s, FTP each. 
1. In this 1925 case, the Supreme Court ruled that the 14th Amendment required that states follow the protections of freedoms of speech and press.
	Answer: Gitlow v. New York
2. The Supreme Court ruled the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional in this 1935 case.
	Answer: Schechter Poultry Corporation v. United States (prompt on "sick chicken")
3. In a reversal of previous ruling striking down New Deal legislation, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Wagner Act in this 1937 decision.
	Answer: NLRB (or National Labor Relations Board) v. Jones & Laughlin Steel

19. FTP each, name the probability distribution based on a description.
1. Named for the man who proved the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, this is the bell curve, which all distributions of finite variance approach as time increases without bound.
	Answer: Gaussian (GOW-see-an) Distribution or Normal Distribution
2. Named for the instigator of rigor in French mathematics, this is the distribution of the tangent of a uniformly chosen angle. The Central Limit Theorem doesn't apply to it, since its variance is undefined.
	Answer: Cauchy (koh-SHEE) Distribution
3. Named after the discoverer of the Law of Large Numbers, this distribution assigned probability "p" to the number 1, and probability "1 minus p" to the number 0.
	Answer: Bernoulli (ber-NOO-lee) Distribution

20. Name these works of modern decadent literature, FTP each. 
1. This quarterly was published in London between 1894 and 1897, and featured work by Aubrey Beardsley, Max Beerbohm, and Henry James. 
	Answer: The Yellow Book 
2. The protagonist of this 1884 Huysmans (wees-MAHNS) novel is Des Esseintes (days ess-ANT), a near-recluse who soothes his aesthetic sensibilities in a carefully-designed cottage. 
	Answer: Against the Grain or Against Nature or A rebours 
3. This trilogy of novels by Maurice Barrès (bar-ESS) includes Under the Eyes of the Barbarians, A Free Man, and The Garden of Berenice, and is considered a landmark of French decadence. 
	Answer: The Cult of the Ego or Le Culte du moi 

FTP each, name the American city in or near which each of the following television programs takes place.
1. Family Ties
	Answer: Columbus
2. One Day at a Time
	Answer: Indianapolis
3. Eight is Enough
	Answer: Sacramento

Answer the following about the geography of Central America, FTP each.
1. The only good harbor on Central America’s Pacific Coast, Honduras, Nicaragua and El Salvador border this gulf.
	Answer: Gulf of Fonseca
2. The Caribbean coasts of Honduras and Nicaragua, once occupied by the British, are known by this name.
	Answer: The Mosquito Coast
3. The Panama Canal goes through this lake before emptying into the Caribbean.
	Answer: Lake Gatun

FTP each, name these amino acids from descriptions.
1. The brain uses this amino acid to make norepinephrine, and some army researchers have been testing its use to improve physical performance.
	Answer: Tyrosine
2. Bakers mix this amino acid into dough to speed kneading, while food manufacturers use it to sustain their foods' vitamin C content. It constitutes a good 10% of human skin.
	Answer: Cysteine
3. This amino acid was used in the United States in sleeping pills until it caused an outbreak of a rare blood disease in 1989. It is a precursor of niacin and serotonin.
	Answer: Tryptophan