2000 Terrapin Invitational Tournament - Division 1 Round 8 Questions by Shaun Hayeslip Toss-Ups 1. The Japanese demanded entry into the town of Wan-p’ing in order to search for one of their soldiers, but they were refused. A result of the formation of a United Front against further Japanese aggression, both sides began firing after a shot was heard. Following the July 7, 1937 incident, neither side made any concessions and conflict grew beyond the Manchuria region. FTP, name this prelude to WWII, named after the Peking bridge where the fighting occurred. Ans: Marco Polo Bridge incident 2. The comedy was based on George Whetstone’s Promos and Cassandra, which was taken from a 1565 story by Giraldo Cinthio. In the end, Angelo is castigated for his severity, and he is ordered to marry Mariana by Duke Vincentio, who has actually been disguised as Friar Lodowick. FTP, name this 1604 Shakespearean comedy also including the lovers Claudio and Juliet. Ans: Measure for Measure 3. He was forced to abandon plans to attend Harvard due to his poor eyesight, and in 1878 he joined the machine shops of the Midvale Steel Company. A holder of over 40 patents, he performed experiments involving pig iron handling while at Bethlehem Steel, and he proposed that efficiency in a shop or factory could be enhanced by close monitoring of the individual workers present. FTP, name this one-time president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and author of The Principles of Scientific Management. Ans: Frederick W. Taylor 4. The kings first met at Val Dore, midway between the temporary palaces set up at Guines (GWEEN) and Ardres. (AW-druh) Located near Calais, the meeting was politically insignificant, as the only result came when Henry VIII later met with Charles V and agreed not to ally against Francis I for at least two more years. FTP, name this 1520 meeting between Henry and Francis which impressed their contemporaries by the splendor of the processions involved. Ans: Field of the Cloth of Gold 5. It is a particular manifestation of Bernoulli’s principle, as the fluid pressure decreases at points where the speed of the fluid increases. Named after the German physicist who first investigated it in 1853, the pressure differences that develop from velocity changes cause a spinning object to depart from its initially straight path. FTP, name this effect that is responsible for the curve of a tennis serve or a baseball pitch. Ans: Magnus effect 6. Written in unrhymed, alliterative, trochaic verse, a German translation in the same meter suggested to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow the form and style of his Hiawatha. The plot takes three sons to a cold land to the north named Pohjola to fight for the lost Sampo and to find a wife for Wainamoinen. FTP, name this compilation by Elias Lonnrott, the Finnish national epic. Ans: Kalevala 7. In 1880 he received the Volta prize from France, and he later went on to establish the Volta Laboratory. Later succeeding his father-in-law as President of the National Geographic Society, he less famous inventions included the audiometer for the measurement of the intensity of a sound. FTP, name this Scotsman whose father and grandfather had studied human speech in the deaf, the speaker of the immortal words, “Mr. Watson, come here; I want you.” Ans: Alexander Graham Bell 8. Their point of view was expressed by Juan Vazquez de Mella of the Traditionalist Party, which was merged in 1937 with the Falanges under Franco. Charles V, Charles VI, and Charles VII all claimed the throne under Salic Law issued in 1713, but the restoration of Alfonso XII, son of Isabella II, to the throne in 1874 led to their decline. FTP, name this Spanish political movement originating in the 1820s around Don Carlos, count de Molina. Ans: Carlism or Carlismo 9. He and his cousin One-Eyed Tony decline to attend the barbecue to celebrate old times, despite the promise of traditional outdoor games. Applauded for his acting abilities and rendition of “Take Me Out to the Ballgame”, he is compared to a European filmaker in his style and delivery. FTP, name this creature, Louis the Lizard’s antagonist in the final installment of the Budweiser frog commercials. Ans: ferret 10. Prehistoric Indian ruins are located at Walnut Canyon and Wupatki national monuments, and Sunset Crater is also located in the vicinity. With a name derived from an 1876 Independence Day celebration, it is a tourist resort located at the base of the San Francisco peaks. FTP, name this seat of Coconino County, the location of Lowell Observatory and Northern Arizona University. Ans: Flagstaff [prompt on Arizona before 1876] 11. Entering the parliament as a captain, he became a lieutenant colonel and aided Cromwell against the Royalist rebels in Wales. Participating in the defeat of the Scots at Preston in 1648, he commanded a regiment at the Parliamentary victory at Naseby and was knighted by Cromwell for signing the warrant for Charles I’s execution. FTP, name this soldier remembered for his 1648 “purge” of Presbyterians from the House of Commons. Ans: Thomas Pride 12. Minor roles were Robert Strauss as Mr. Kruhulik the janitor and Donald MacBride as Mr. Brady the boss. Tom Ewell plays the part of Robert Sherman, whose family goe to Maine for the summer; he is soon tempted over champagne and a Rachmaninoff record by the blonde bombshell upstairs. FTP, name this Billy Wilder flick whose most famous scene portrays Marilyn Monroe standing over a subway grate. Ans: The Seven-Year Itch 13. His literary endeavors include a cotranslation with Franz Rosenzweig of the Bible into German, and the 1932 Kingship of God. His worldview emphasized the relationship between man and God, which was deeply rooted in Hasidism, and he saw in Israel the peak of humanist thought. FTP, name this Zionist thinker and writer of such works as Tales of Rabbi Nachman and I and Thou. Ans: Martin Buber 14. Begun in 1458 from an original design by Brunelleschi, the architecture was inspired by ancient Roman constructions. Home to eight museums including the Galleria Palatina and the source of work by Raphael and Titian, it was Eleanor of Toledo who transformed the hill behind it into the Boboli gardens. FTP, name this Florentine palace named for a merchant and rival of the Medicis. Ans: Pitti Palace 15. The first trial held at home involves a dog accused of stealing cheese, and is a parody of contemporary legal proceedings. The foolish father Philocleon has a passion for jury duty, and he attempts to escape from confinement despite the efforts of his sensible son. FTP, identify this attack on the Athenian ruler Cleon, a comedy by Aristophanes. Ans: The Wasps 16. Particular solutions had been formulated by Daniel Bernoulli while studying an osciallating chain, and by Leonhard Euler while analyzing the vibration of a taut membrane. Lord Rayleigh showed they arise from Laplace’s equation in cylindrical coordinates, and they can be used to describe physical phenomena such as the diffraction of light or the flow of electricity in a solid cylinder. FTP, name this group of mathematical functions named for a German astronomer and represented by a capital letter J. Ans: Bessel functions 17. As a royalist, he counseled Charles I against the execution of the Earl of Strafford, and he is recognized for his recognition of the genuine and false epistles of St. Ignatius of Antioch. Appointed archbishop of Armagh in 1625, his large library is now housed in the University of Dublin, and in 1641 he proposed a method for combining the episcopal and presbyterian forms of church government. FTP, identify this biblical scholar, who proposed that the creation of the earth occurred on October 23, 4004 BC. Ans: Bishop James Ussher 18. He made his debut in Fer-de-Lance in 1934, and continued until A Family Affair in 1975. Relying solely on thought and logic, he employs Archie Goodwin to complete his legwork, and in The Doorbell Rang he is pitted against the FBI and its then director J. Edgar Hoover. FTP, name this 286 pound detective, the creation of novelist Rex Stout. Ans: Nero Wolfe 19. Initially too poor to attend college, his homemade nine-inch telescope earned him a scholarship to the University of Kansas. He worked at the University of New Mexico for over 40 years, and his blink comparator designed to detect motion in the sky was extremely successful in his examinations of Gemini in 1930. FTP, name this man whose search for Planet X led him to discover Pluto. Ans: Clyde Tombaugh 20. His articles on Alphonse de Lamartine and Andre de Chenier predate his marriage to childhood friend Adele Foucher, but his first book of poems was enough to secure a pension from Louis XVIII. His “Dictation After July 1830” celebrated the ascension of Louis-Philippe to the throne, but he is probably better known for his books of poems such as Autumn Leaves and Songs of Twilight. FTP, name this French literary figure who also wrote novels such as Hans of Iceland, Hernani, and Notre-Dame de Paris. Ans: Victor Hugo 21. Calls for his removal from office happened twice: once following his stay of the Rosenberg case, and once by Gerald Ford as House Minority Leader because of his behavior. In 1975 he was paralyzed by a stroke, but this former chairman of the SEC became the second youngest appointee to the Supreme Court beginning during FDR’s term in office. FTP, name this justice who served on the court for 36 years, the longest in history. Ans: William O. Douglas Bonuses 1. Answer the following questions concerning Japanese families FTPE. a. Following the death of the shogun Yoritomo Minamoto in 1199, this family began to act as regents until the succession of Takauji (TAH-kah-oo-jee) Ashikaga in 1338. Among its accomplishments was the repulsion of Kublai Khan in his attempts to invade Japan. Ans: Hojo family b. The ruling power of this family began around 650, when Emperor Tenchi entrusted Kamatari Nakatomi with affairs of the government. They remained powerful until 1068, when Sanjo II retired to a monastery. Ans: Fujiwara family c. The greatest power of the Fujiwara family was achieved under Michinaga circa AD 1000 and commemorated in two works of literature. Five points each, name the works, one of which is anonymous and the other which is told by a lady of the court. Ans: Tales of Power and Glory, The Tale of Genji 2. Answer the following questions concerning blackbody radiation FTPE. a. This doubly named law is represented by the following equation: the intensity of radiation equals 2 pi times the speed of light times Boltzmann’s constant times the temperature divided by the wavelength to the fourth power. Ans: Rayleigh-Jeans law b. Although Rayleigh-Jeans law holds true for large values of the wavelength, the formula was later modified by this man, who went on to win the 1918 Nobel prize in physics. Ans: Max Planck c. First stated by the German for whom it is named, it relates that the temperature of a blackbody times the wavelength corresponding to the maximum radiation of energy is equal to a constant. Ans: Wien’s displacement law 3. Identify these “essays” for ten points from a brief description or for five points if you need another clue. (10) It is in the form of a conversation between four Englishmen who have gone out on the Thames to witness an engagement between the Dutch and English fleets. (5) John Dryden Ans: Essay of Dramatic Poesy (10) A discussion of literary taste and style based on neoclassical doctrines, it includes such phrases as, “a little learning is a dangerous thing”. (5) Alexander Pope Ans: An Essay on Criticism (10) Published in 1684, this treatise is a collection of reports of supernatural phenomena in New England. (5) Increase Mather Ans: An Essay for the Recording of Illustrious Providences 4. Identify the following related terms FTPE. a. Native to eastern Asia, branches of this evergreen shrub can be preserved in jams or jellies or used for Christmas decorations. Ans: kumquat b. In mathematics, it is an exact division or factor of quantity n, where in chemistry it is a subdivision of a given initial solution. Ans: aliquot c. Queequeg, Daggoo, and Tashtego are harpooners on this ship from an 1851 novel. Ans: Pequod 5. Identify these early stone configurations FTPE. a. They consist of several upright supports and a flat roofing slab, all covered by a protective mound of earth that in most cases has weathered away. In recent times, the term has been used to indicate only those located in Great Britain. Ans: dolmen b. From the Breton for “long stone”, these were simple upright stones that were placed together to form large circles or ellipses. Ans: menhir c. Originally equivalent to a dolmen, it is now a circle of free-standing stones on the European mainland, such as in Brittany or Portugal. Ans: cromlech 6. I think Jean-Paul Sartre existed...or maybe not. Identify some of his writings FTPE. a. Set in the American south, Lizzie does not want to lie to build a case against an innocent black in this work, but she is tricked by the senator’s son Fred. Ans: The Respectful Prostitute b. An adaptation of Aeschylus’ story of Orestes, in it Zeus shares with Aegistheus “the bitterness of knowing men are free”. Ans: The Flies c. This trilogy portraying the events surrounding early WWII includes The Age of Reason, The Reprieve, and Troubled Sleep. Ans: The Roads to Freedom 7. Identify these parts of the ear FTPE. a. At the end of the auditory canal lies this membrane, which vibrates upon the entrance of sound waves. Ans: tympanic membrane [prompt on eardrum] b. The middle ear is connected to the pharynx via this, which opens upon swallowing or yawning to allow for pressure equilibration. Ans: Eustachian tube c. Deep within the inner ear lies these crystals of calcium carbonate, which can help determine the position of the head relative to gravity by measuring the relative strengths of receptor hairs. Ans: otoliths 8. When the Eiffel Tower was erected in 1889, the 984-foot structure passed another well-known building of 555 feet in height as the tallest in the world. a. For five points, name the landmark. Ans: Washington Monument b. For ten points, name the New York City skyscraper that surpassed the Eiffel Tower in height in 1930. Ans: Chrysler building c. For a final fifteen points, measuring from the ground to the top of the antenna of this NYC landmark produces a world-record 1758 feet. Note: it is not the Sears or Petronas towers. Ans: World Trade Center 9. So you think W.A. Mozart was the only famous composer to write a Requiem, eh? Identify the following requiem composers from a brief description of their work FTPE. a. Inspired by the death of the composer’s mother in 1865, his Requiem addresses those who mourn by using German phrases rather than the classic liturgical text. Ans: Johannes Brahms b. This Frenchman was comissioned to write a requiem for the death of Marshal Mortier in 1837, but the premiere was almost sabotaged by the conductor. In it lies an explosive Tuba mirum and a duet between low-register trombones and flutes in the Hostias. Ans: Hector Berlioz c. Like his predecessor Gabriel Faure, this Frenchman used Gregorian melodies in the Domine Jesu Christe and Libera me movements of his Requiem completed in 1947. Ans: Maurice Durufle 10. 30-20-10 name the political figure. (30) The son of Greek immigrants, he served in the US Army in South Korea before earning his law degree in 1960. (20) As lieutenant governor he lost the bid for Massachusetts governor in 1970, but returned to win in 1974 and restore the state’s fiscal health. (10) Re-elected in 1982 and 1986, he briefly found other pursuits in his running for president during the 1980s. Ans: Michael Dukakis 11. Charlemagne had a number of companions in his journeys throughout the works of medieval romance. Identify these paladins FTPE. a. The cousin of Orlando, he rides the horse Bayardo but is often prone to violent and unscrupulous behavior. Ans: Rinaldo b. Probably based on the French warrior Autgarius, he is either held hostage for his father Geoffrey of Dannemarch or is the puppet slave of Morgan le Fay, depending on the story. Ans: Ogier the Dane c. The traitor among the palladins, in the Chanson de Roland he is solely responsible for the defeat of the paladins at Roncesvalles. Ans: Ganelon 12. On August 2, 1876, a famous old west gunfighter wandered into Saloon #10, sat down with his back to the door, and was shot while holding aces and eights. a. For five points each, name the victim and the South Dakota town in which this scenario occurred. Ans: Wild Bill Hickok, Deadwood b. This odd-job drunk who shot Wild Bill Hickok was deemed “not guilty” during his initial trial in Deadwood. Ans: Jack McCall c. Jack McCall didn’t escape for good, however; he was retried and finally hanged in this town, the capital of the Dakota territory. Ans: Yankton 13. Given a chemical group, identify the benzene derivative FTPE. a. methyl Ans: toluene b. -NH2 Ans: aniline c. another benzene attached at the 1 and 2 positions Ans: naphthalene 14. Identify these ancient Greek writers 5-10-15. (5) Lampooned by Aristophanes in The Clouds, his critiques of Athenian society are apparent in The Trojan Women and Iphigenia in Aulis. Ans: Euripides (10) His Works and Days was addressed to his wastrel brother, while his Theogony consist of maxims on farming. Ans: Hesiod (15) Perhaps the best-known writer of New Comedy, his only extant play is Dyskolos, or The Bad-Tempered Man. Ans: Menander 15. Answer these questions concerning the reign of George II FTPE. a. A favorite of his father, George would have dismissed this Whig minister if not for the intervention of his wife Caroline of Ansbach. Ans: Robert Walpole b. A great musical patrota Twins. 5, 10, 20, 30: name the four members of the panel – the president of Yale, a former chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, a former U.S. senator, and a Newsweek columnist. Ans: Richard Levin, Paul Volcker, George Mitchell, George F. Will