2000 Terrapin Invitational Tournament Round 1 (UGGGGH) Questions by Roger Bhan, with minimal editing Toss-Ups 1. “I am sure I cannot piss forward and backward, and yet I am wet before and behind,” are the final words of Bergetto, who is accidentally killed by the cuckolded Richardetto and the jealous suitor Grimaldi. Hippolita drinks her own cup of poisoned wine intending to kill Soranzo, who is killed by Giovanni at a banquet. FTP, identify this 17th century tragedy by John Ford involving the incestuous sibs Giovanni and Annabella. Ans: ‘Tis Pity She’s a Whore 2. The basic body plan consists of a central digestive compartment known as the gastrovascular cavity that serves as both mouth and anus. Usually, animals from this phylum exist as cylindrical forms that adhere to a substratum, called polyps, or flattened versions of polyps known as medusae. They are probably most recognizable by their stinging capsules known as nematocysts. FTP, identify this phylum that contains the hydras, sea anemones, and jellyfishes. Ans: Cnidaria 3. He published his autobiography in 1948 entitled On Active Service in Peace and War. Coolidge made him governor-general of the Philippines in 1927, but he gained his fame from his next position, which he held from 1929-1933. He famously issued a 1932 declaration that the U.S. would not recognize any territorial changes brought about by the Japanese invasion of Manchuria. FTP, identify this secretary of state under Hoover that issued his eponymous Doctrine. Ans: Henry Lewis Stimson 4. Coveting the wealth of the Templars, he forced the Pope to condemn and dissolve the order, whose property he subsequently controlled. Defeated by the Flemish at Courtrai., his adventures also included the tax on the French clergy opposed by Boniface VIII and his marriage to Queen Joanna of Navarre to acquire Champagne and Brie. FTP, name this king of France who ruled from 1285 to 1314, nicknamed “the Fair”. Ans: Philip IV “the Fair” 5. He was a follower of Émile Durkheim, who stated that scientific methods should be applied to the study of a society and its common values. He served as a professor at the University of Sydney before becoming the first professor of social anthropology at the University of Oxford, and his early work with primitive societies was documented in his work The Andaman Islanders. FTP, identify this British anthropologist most famous for his work with Australian Aborigines. Ans: A. R. Radcliffe-Brown 6. In early literature about him he is mischievous and considered a figure of fun. In later mythologies he is the chief of the demons often associated with Beelzebub. He is regarded as the cause of Solomon’s excesses and disturbs marital happiness, as he did with the daughter of Raguel. By killing the seven husbands of Sarah, he is exorcised by the archangel Raphael at the behest of Tobias. FTP, identify this demon of Jewish folklore that figures in the Book of Tobit. Ans: Asmodeus 7. His long poem “Cynthia” was highly praised by Edmund Spenser but only a fragment survives today. Other works he produced were one volume of a History of the World and a narrative of a battle between the Revenge and a Spanish warship, but he fell out of the Queen’s favor in 1592 after deflowering one of her maids. FTP, name this English courtier executed in 1618, whose name survives as a North Carolina city. Ans: Sir Walter Raleigh 8. This law holds true for a solute whenever Raoult’s law is valid for a solvent, and a solution is termed ideal when both are in agreement. Its namesake scientist determined that the necessary constant of proportionality is not the vapor pressure of the pure substance. FTP, identify this law of chemistry that states that an empirical constant with dimensions of pressure multiplied by the mole fraction gives a solution’s vapor pressure. Ans: Henry’s law 9. Also known as the Columbian Order, it was founded in 1789 by William Mooney, a known anti-Federalist. Successors such as Richard Croker and Charles Murphy increased its influence over city politics, though its candidate Jimmy Walker was forced to resign from office after charges of corruption; nothing new for this New York-based political machine. FTP, identify this political society that gained infamy in the 19th century under the corrupt practices of “Boss” Tweed. Ans: Tammany Hall or Society 10. The narrator George resembles the author himself; the son of a housekeeper, a socialist, and a man approving of properly used science. George uses some of the money earned to become an airplane designer, but he is originally apprenticed to his uncle Edward Ponderevo, a small-town druggist. FTP, identify their quack product, the title of a novel by H.G. Wells. Ans: Tono-Bungay 11. He killed his sister and tossed her head into the sky where it became the moon. He guided his people from their original homeland in Aztlán to the Valley of Mexico, where a great temple to him was established at Tenochtitlán. He is born anew each morning from his mother Coatlicue’s womb. He was conceived from a ball of feathers and hence his name means “hummingbird on left foot.” FTP, identify this Aztec deity that requires sacrifices to maintain the brilliance of the sun. Ans: Huitzilopochtli 12. Eastern variants of the hunting spear points they produced are the Ohio, Cumberland, and Suwannee, which are fish-tailed and narrower relative to their length. Probably earlier than the Folsom complex, evidence provided from Lewisville, Texas dates this culture to 37,000 years ago, but its people probably first came to North America around 12,000 BCE. FTP, identify this culture centered in Arizona and New Mexico who shares its name with a Merovingian king of France. Ans: Clovis complex or culture 13. It is characterized by three superficial bands of longitudinal muscle standing out under its serous coat, scattered fatty polyps that project as appendages, and segmentation into sacculations. It contains hepatic and splenic flexures, junctions at its transverse portion. Its pelvic portion extends from the beginning of the rectum to the end of the descending portion, which lies opposite its ascending portion. FTP, identify this portion of the large intestine that is very susceptible to cancer. Ans: colon (prompt on large intestine on early buzz) 14. Identified by Livy as Naraggara, the modern name was provided by Cornelius Nepos around 150 years later. Eighty elephants were released into the ranks of the Roman infantry, but the Numidian cavalry under Prince Masinissa proved superior as over 20,000 Carthaginians died in battle. FTP, name this 2nd Persian War victory for Scipio Africanus Major in 202 BC. Ans: Zama 15. Under its better known name, members of this group issued the manifesto A Scientific World-View in 1929. Under the leadership of Moritz Schlick, this group published ten books through 1937, heavily influenced by Wittgenstein’s Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. With members such as Kurt Gödel and Rudolf Carnap, this group proved to be one of the major proponents of logical positivism alongside the Berlin Circle. FTP, identify this philosophical organization centered on the capital of Austria. Ans: Vienna Circle 16. He studied under Anton Reicha, the same man that taught Gounod, Liszt, and Berlioz.. Elected president of the Société Nationale de Musique in 1886, his first major work was Six Pièces. Other works of this composer include the oratorios Les Beatitudes, Redemption, and Rebecca. His only symphony premiered two years before his death, Symphony in D Minor. FTP, identify this 19th century composer and organist from Belgium. Ans: César Franck 17. It was dedicated to Theodore Roosevelt, a classmate of the author at Harvard, and its later editions carried illustrations by Frederic Remington. The title character, a cattle ranch foreman, is introduced to the works of Shakespeare, Keats, and Sir Walter Scott through his love interest, Molly Wood. However, the ranch hand Trampas threatens their relationship, resulting in the first “showdown” in fiction. FTP, identify this prototype cowboy novel by Owen Wister. Ans: The Virginian 18. This Austrian-Swedish physicist helped to discover the element protactinium in 1918. Gaining relative fame for work on radioactivity and atomic theory, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry recently named element 109 in honor of this physicist, whose most famous work led directly to the development of the atomic bomb. FTP, identify this physicist who, along with Otto Hahn, discovered nuclear fission. Ans: Lise Meitner 19. Poet Tu Fu wrote “The Man With No Family to Take Leave Of” in honor of the event named after him. He was a protégé of the concubine Yang Kuei-fei and was killed by his own son. He captured the city of Lo-yang and forced the emperor Hsüan Tsung to seek refuge in Szechwan after capturing the imperial capital of Xi’an in 755 CE, but his revolt finally ended in 763. FTP, identify this man who fomented a rebellion from which the T’ang dynasty never recovered. Answer: An Lu-shan 20. A cloudy, dreamlike vision of a house can be seen in the upper right corner, while the Eiffel Tower can be seen out of a window in the upper left corner. The title figure sits cross-legged on a yellow floor at an easel that depicts a headless woman, a church, and a reddish cow. The green-faced central figure holds a palette in one hand and points the other towards the canvas, clearly showing the title deformity. FTP, identify this monstrous self-portrait by Marc Chagall. Ans: Self-Portrait with Seven Fingers 21. When applied, it can be said that the wavefunctions that result are its eigenfunctions, and the corresponding eigenvalues are the allowed energies. This operator is a common method of solving the Schrödinger wave equation, and it is used to express the energy of a system in terms of its momentum and positional coordinates. FTP, identify this operator that, in simple systems, corresponds to the total energy of a system by adding the potential and kinetic energies. Ans: Hamiltonian operator Bonuses 1. Identify these poems by Lord Byron from descriptions FTPE. a. This poem is based on the imprisonment of a Genevan priest and his two brothers, who die. Years later, he is released, but the loss of is brothers and the length of his incarceration has rendered him apathetic. Ans: The Prisoner of Chillon b. In this poem, the title character sells himself to the Prince of Darkness and lives wholly without human sympathies in the Alps. Ans: Manfred c. The title character of this poem marries Laura, a Venetian noblewoman. He is taken captive at Troy, becomes a Turk, joins a band of pirates, becomes rich, and then finally rediscovers his wife at a carnival ball. Ans: Beppo 2. Identify the following related physics terms FTPE. a. This is defined as the bending or spreading of waves as they pass through an aperture or around the edge of a barrier. Ans: diffraction b. This is a form of diffraction in which the light source or the receiving screen, or both, are at finite distances from the diffracting object, so that the wave fronts are not planar. Ans: Fresnel diffraction c. This is a form of diffraction in which the light source and the receiving screen are in effect at infinite distances from the diffracting object, so that the wave fronts can be treated as planar rather than spherical. Ans: Fraunhofer diffraction 3. Identify these utopian communities in U.S. history FTPE. a. Now a Pennsylvania state landmark, this community was founded for Seventh-Day Baptists by German Johann Conrad Beissel, an advocate of Pietism, and espoused strict rules of asceticism and celibacy. This community was also the first European settlement to print music in North America. Ans: Ephrata Cloisters Community b. This group took their name after a work published by Étienne Cabet. Influenced by Robert Owen, Cabet wrote that the ideal community would have progressive taxation, compulsory work and common property. Communities were formed in Fannin County, Texas and Nauvoo, Illinois in 1848 and 1849. Ans: Icarians c. Founded in New York in 1848 by John Humphrey Noyes, this community practiced a system of marriage in which all adults were married to each other. In 1879, the community became a corporation now known for its sterling silverware. Ans: Oneida Community 4. Identify the creator of these famous Madonnas FTPE. The Madonna of the Magnificat Answer: Sandro Botticelli The Madonna of the Goldfinch Answer: Raphael (accept Raphaello Sanzio) The Pesaro Madonna Answer: Titian (accept Tiziano Vecellio) 5. Identify these books of the Old Testament from descriptions FTPE. a. Donatello executed a sculpture of the prophet after whom this book is named. This book of three chapters reads as a dialogue between its namesake and God. Its most famous section contains five denunciations against an unknown evil people, each beginning with “Woe to…” Ans: Habakkuk b. This book opens with its namesake prophet under the service of Artaxerxes I. He learns of the poor conditions of Jerusalem after the Babylonian Captivity and petitions to return to his home, where he helps to restore the Temple. Ans: Nehemiah c. This last book of the Old Testament contains six prophecies uttered in a didactic form, reaffirming God’s love for His people and foretells that obedience to God will be rewarded when the Day of Judgment arrives. Ans: Malachi 6. Identify these colorful works by Stephen Crane FTSNOP. (5) This 1895 novel depicts the story of Henry Fleming during the Civil War. Ans: The Red Badge of Courage (10) This short story deals with the conflict between Sheriff Jack Potter and Scratchy Wilson, an old frontier gunfighter. Jack brings his wife to the title location and Scratchy attempts to provoke a fight with his old rival. Ans: The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky (15) Largely inspired by Emily Dickinson, this was Crane’s first volume of poetry, which anticipated the free verse style of much of the 20th century’s poetry. Ans: The Black Riders and Other Lines 7. Identify these various types of acids from descriptions FTPE. a. This type of acid increases the amount of hydronium ions present in the solution. Ans: Arrhenius acid b. This type of acid accepts electron pairs from its corresponding base. Ans: Lewis acid c. This is a substance that can donate a hydrogen ion to its corresponding base. Ans: Brønsted-Lowry acid 8. Identify these interesting terms for certain American political factions FTPE. a. During the Civil War and Reconstruction, this was the term given to Northern Democrats that favored compromise with the South instead of war. Their most prominent member was Clement Vallandigham. Ans: Copperheads b. From an Algonquian word meaning “a chief,” this term designated dissident members of the Republican Party who refused to support James G. Blaine in the election of 1884, and instead supported Democratic nominee Grover Cleveland. Ans: Mugwumps c. This faction of Democrats from New York, along with some antislavery Whigs, formed the 1848 Free-Soil Party. Led by Salmon P. Chase, they chose Martin Van Buren as their presidential candidate. Ans: Barnburners 9. Identify these straits from descriptions FTPE. a. This channel connects the Tasman Sea on the east with the Indian Ocean on the west, and separates Tasmania from Australia. Ans: Bass Strait b. This strait separates South Island from Stewart Island in New Zealand. It is famous for the oysters that are dredged from it, and on it lies the city of Invercargill. Ans: Foveaux Strait c. This strait forms a section of the Inside Passage between Washington and Alaska. Receiving the Fraser River, this strait separates part of Vancouver Island from the mainland and lies mostly between Washington and British Columbia. Ans: Strait of Georgia 10. Identify these African deities from descriptions F15PE. a. This trickster-hero of West African mythology is the spider god that released knowledge into the world after upending his sack while climbing a tree. Ans: Anansi the Spider b. A creator deity and the first ancestor of humanity, he is the supreme god in the Xhosa and Zulu tradition in southern Africa. Thought to have been born from a reed-bed, he provides humans with the technology needed to survive. Ans: Unkulunkulu 11. Heinrich von Kleist is certainly not the shit. However, you can’t have an ACF tournament without a Kleist bonus FTPE. a. One of Kleist’s most famous works, this drama deals with the death of Achilles and the queen of the Amazons. Ans: Penthesilea b. In this novel, the title character goes on a rampage after his horses are stolen by a nobleman. His horses are returned to him, but he is executed for his crimes. Ans: Michael Kohlhaas c. The title character of this drama proves her devotion to a count, who initially rejects her. They marry when it is found she is the emperor’s daughter. Ans: Das Käthchen von Heilbronn 12. Identify the following types of genetic mutations FTPE. a. This is a chemical change affecting just one or a few nucleotides in a single gene. Ans: point mutation b. These two terms are simply defined as the loss or addition of one or more nucleotide pairs in a gene. Identify them both FFPE. Ans: deletion and insertion c. This type of mutation results whenever the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of three, altering the reading of the genetic message. Ans: frameshift mutation 13. Identify the following about Italian unification FTPE. a. This term originally applied to a policy advocated during the 19th century of acquiring foreign territories claimed as Italian because of previous Italian sovereignty or ethnic affinity. Ans: irredentism (accept equivalents) b. In 1852, this man became the prime minister of Sardinia and plotted with Napoleon III to seek independence for Italy by waging war against the Austrians. He proclaimed the first kingdom of Italy in 1861 with Victor Emmanual II as its first king. Ans: Camillo Benso, Conte di Cavour c. The wounded at this battle in the quest for Italian unification led Jean Henri Dunant to establish the Red Cross. Fought in 1859, a Franco-Sardinian force defeated the Austrians under Francis Joseph I at this site in Lombardy. Ans: Battle of Solferino 14. Identify the following about Spanish literature FTPE. With almost two thousand plays, he is by far the most prolific playwright in the world. Some of this 16th and 17th century dramatist’s works include Fuenteovejuna and Gatomaquia. Answer: Lope de Vega In this drama, the prince Segismundo grows up in isolation because of a prophecy that says he will harm his father. He believes that he is dreaming when he is brought into the real world. Answer: La vida es sueño or Life is a Dream This 17th century Spanish playwright wrote Life is a Dream, among many other plays. Answer: Pedro Calderón de la Barca 15. Identify these terms dealing with circuits FTPE. Measured in ohm-meters and symbolized by rho, this quantity measures a material’s ability to oppose the flow of an electric current. Answer: resistivity Symbolized by Z, this quantity measures the opposition of a circuit to the passage of a current and therefore determines the amplitude of the current. Answer: impedance Measured in ohms and symbolized by X, this is a property of a circuit containing inductance or capacitance that together with any resistance makes up its impedance. Answer: reactance 16. Identify these 2000 Nobel laureates FTPE. a. This South Korean president won the Peace prize for his efforts to reconcile differences with North Korea. Ans: Kim Dae Jung b. Identify both the recipients of the Memorial Prize in Economics, one for his development and theory of methods for analyzing selective samples, and the other for his theory and methods for analyzing discrete choice, FTPE. Ans: James J. Heckman or Daniel L. McFadden 17. Identify these Norman rulers of Sicily from descriptions FTPE. After the death of his older brother Humphrey, this knight became the ruler of the Normans in Sicily. In 1059, Pope Nicholas II made him Duke of Sicily and he acknowledged the pope as his feudal overlord. Ans: Robert Guiscard This nephew of Robert Guiscard joined his son Bohemond I in an expedition to Jerusalem in 1096 and captured that city. He ruled Antioch as Bohemond’s regent from 1104 to 1112. He is perhaps most famous as a character in Tasso’s Jerusalem Delivered and the focus of an opera by Rossini. Answer: Tancredi This younger brother of Robert Guiscard took control of Sicily after his brother’s death and completed conquest of the island. He was made a papal legate by Urban II in 1098 and introduced Catholicism to Sicily, though he was tolerant of his Muslim and Greek Orthodox subjects. His son founded the kingdom of Sicily. Answer: Roger I 18. Identify these poems by Robert Herrick from their opening lines FTPE. a. “Get up, get up for shame, the blooming Morn / Upon her wings presents the god unshorn.” Ans: Corinna’s Gone A-Maying b. “Gather ye rosebuds while ye may, / Old Time is still a-flying…” Ans: To the Virgins, to Make Much of Time c. “Fair Daffodils, we weep to see / You haste away so soon…” Ans: To Daffodils 19. Identify these theories in quantum physics from descriptions FTPE. a. This theory is a type of unified field theory that postulates a generalization of the general theory of relativity to higher than four space-time dimensions. Unobservable dimensions are thought to be “rolled up” by a process known as spontaneous compactification. Ans: Kaluza-Klein theory b. This is a quantum field theory put forward to explain the fundamental interactions of the non-Abelian strong and weak forces. This type of gauge theory can be used to predict the existence of gluons of the strong force and the photons, W and Z bosons of the electroweak force. Ans: Yang-Mills theory c. This theory states that every fermion has a boson counterpart, and vice versa. Boson partners of existing fermions have the names of the fermion starting with “s,” like the “selectron.” Fermion partners of bosons take the suffix “-ino,” such as the “gluino.” Ans: supersymmetry 20. Identify these British philosophers from works FTPE. a. An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding Ans: David Hume . An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Ans: John Locke . Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge Ans: George Berkeley